scholarly journals Introduction and Overview

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Naoto Jinji ◽  
Xingyuan Zhang ◽  
Shoji Haruna
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The World

AbstractThe world economy was severely hit by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. It was estimated that the annual growth in the world’s real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 would be $$-3.3$$ - 3.3 % (International Monetary Fund (IMF) 2021). World trade simultaneously contracted sharply.

POSSIBILITIES OF REALIZATION OF SERVICE SECTOR POTENTIAL IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Melnichuk
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
The World

The relevance of the study is due to the growing role of services in the world economy. Trade in services has become the dominant driver of economic growth and development in both developed and developing economies. Since the 1980s, data suggest that there is a stronger relationship between trade in services and gross domestic product (GDP) than in the case of commodity growth and GDP. It is noted that the quality of policies, regulations and institutional frameworks is a key factor in determining the effectiveness of services. As services are increasingly subject to liberalization through multilateral and regional trade agreements, it is important that countries develop harmonized approaches to internal regulation and trade liberalization in the services sector. The article identifies the features and characteristics of the service sector as a factor of multifaceted development and growth. The dynamics of international trade in services by geographical structure and types of development of countries is studied on the basis of statistical data of international organizations, taking into account the impact of the pandemic. It is noted that international trade in services is becoming an increasingly important part of global commerce. The problematic aspects of the activity of small business entities to enter foreign markets of services are considered. The issue of urgency of digital economy development for the sphere of services and contribution to world markets is outlined. Opening up the services sector has the potential to bring great benefits and deserves more attention. Further prospects for the realization of entrepreneurial potential in a comprehensive global economy are outlined. It is noted that services are an important part of the world economy, generating more than two-thirds of world gross domestic product (GDP), attracting more than three-quarters of foreign direct investment in developed economies, and creating most of new jobs worldwide. Establishing effective coordination mechanisms between trade negotiators, policymakers and regulators will be an important tool for the development of the global economy.

scholarly journals KAPSARC Oil Market Outlook

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
International Monetary Fund ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
The Third ◽  
Oil Market ◽  
Market Outlook ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

Total global oil demand is expected to increase year-on-year (YoY) by 4.2 million barrels per day (MMb/d) in 2021 and further grow by 3.5 MMb/d in 2022, returning to 2019 levels by the third quarter (Q3) 2022. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts economic growth of around 5.4% in 2021, compared with a decline in real gross domestic product (GDP) in 2020 of -4.4%. However, KOMO estimates a forecast more in line with the OECD’s outlook for growth (4.2%), which presumes that GDP levels will only reach 2019 levels by the end of 2021.

scholarly journals The Coming Revolution: The Healthcare Challenge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Halamka
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
The U.S

The United States spends nearly 17% of its gross domestic product on healthcare,1 almost double that of any other industrialized country,2 and achieves worse outcomes by many measures.3 The U.S. may have the most healthcare in the world, but we do not have the best healthcare. Today, Healthcare in the U.S. is a poor value. If we are going to remain competitive in the world economy, we must deliver the right care in the right setting at the right time at the right cost.

Agreement Establishing The African Continental Free Trade Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028-1083
Author(s):  
James Thuo Gathii
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Free Trade Area ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
African Union ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
The World

On May 30, 2019, the Agreement Establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) entered into force for the twenty-four countries that had deposited their instruments of ratification. When the remaining thirty-one member states of the African Union ratify it, the AfCFTA will cover a market of 1.2 billion people and a gross domestic product (GDP) of $2.5 trillion. That would make it the world's largest trade agreement since the World Trade Organization (WTO).

scholarly journals The development of the transport sector of the economy of Russia in conditions of globalization

E-Management ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
I. N. Golyshkova ◽  
V. V. Lobachev ◽  
P. V. Metelkin
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Transport Industry

The article assesses the impact of modern trends of globalization of the world economy through the introduction of advanced technologies of production and sales. One of the determining factors in the development of the world economy, the onset of a new technological revolution is the use of digital technologies not only in the production of the final product, but also in the daily life of people. The development of the global data transmission infrastructure based on advanced information and communication technologies leads to the blurring of the boundaries of regional markets. National markets are increasingly becoming elements of the global world market, and the volume of export-import operations significantly affects the size of any country’s gross domestic product. The paper shows the tendency of the digital economy influence on the gross domestic product of Russia and the leading economies of the world. One of the determining factors in the development of regional and world markets is the transport infrastructure of the countries participating in international trade.The analysis of trade turnover of Russia in the framework of foreign trade operations with the main economic partner has been conducted. The influence of foreign trade operations on the development of international transport corridors, as well as the main problems of the transport industry of the country has been designated. The characteristic of container transportation volumes as the basis of international intermodal freight transportation has been given. In modern conditions, one of the most important factors determining the efficiency of the transport industry is the rationalization of logistics processes and management systems based on digitalization. The article identifies the main problems of development and possible directions of digitalization of the transport and logistics industry, the rating of the leading information technological companies implementing modern digital technologies in transport has been given, the dynamics of volumes of introduction of information technological solutions in 2016–2017 has been shown.

scholarly journals COVID-19: Economic Recession or Depression?

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (75) ◽  
pp. 139-147
Author(s):  
Mario Arturo Ruiz Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Long Run ◽  
First Choice ◽  
The World ◽  
Classical Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicator

This paper is interested to introduce a new macroeconomic indicator to evaluate the impact of any massive pandemic such as COVID-19 on the world economy performance in the short run (1 year) and long run (10 years). The new macroeconomic indicator is entitled “The Economic Uncontrolled Desgrowth from COVID-19 (-δCOVID-19).” In fact, the new macroeconomic indicator assumes that always COVID-19 is going to be the major factor to generate a large economic leakage on the final GDP formation anytime and anywhere. Additionally, the same paper is willing to evaluate two post-COVID-19 possible scenarios. The first scenario: if COVID-19 is going to generate a short economic recession, then the world economy gross domestic product can delay between two and three years. The second scenario: if COVID-19 is going to produce a large economic depression, then the world economy gross domestic product can take easily between five and ten years such as the case of the world great depression of 1928. From now, the economists need to decide between two possible choices to solve these two types of economic crisis (recession or depression): The first choice is the uses of the classical economic policies –fiscal or monetary- from past experiences (Keynesians and Monetarists). The second choice is the creation of new and innovative polices approaches to reduce the COVID-19 damage under the support of new theoretical and methodological approaches.

Growth Collapses in Indonesia: A Comparison of the 1930s and the 1990s

Itinerario ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Booth
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Annual Growth ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Good Picture ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Real Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Foreign Occupation ◽  
Per Capita

Thanks largely to the work of Pierre van der Eng we now have quite a good picture of trends in growth of Indonesia's real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the twentieth century. There were two periods, each of around three decades when growth was positive in per capita terms. From 1900 to 1930, real GDP grew at 2.7 per cent per annum; if we assume that population grew over this period at around 1.2 per cent per annum, then annual growth in real per capita terms was 1.5 per cent per annum. This implies an increase over a thirty-year period in per capita GDP of around fifty-six per cent. Beginning in 1929, there was a sustained growth collapse which continued through the early 1930s; real per capita GDP in 1934 was only eighty-three per cent of the 1928 level in 1934 (Table 1). Some recovery occurred in the latter part of the 1930s, and by 1941 per capita GDP had returned to roughly the 1928 level. But the twenty-five years from 1941 to 1966 were characterised by foreign occupation, revolutionary struggle, and, after 1949, considerable macroeconomic instability culminating in hyper-inflation in the early and mid-1960s. In 1967, per capita GDP was estimated by Van der Eng to be only about seventy-five per cent of the 1928 figure.

ANALISIS DETERMINAN KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN PERIODE 1999-2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Ersalina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
World Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, Electric Consumption, and Meat Consumption on CO2 emissions of 41 countries in the world using panel data from 1999 to 2013. After analyzing 41 countries in the world data, furthermore 17 countries in Asia was analyzed with the same period. This study utilized quantitative approach with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression method. The results of 41 countries in the world data indicates that Foreign Direct Investment, Gross Domestic Product, Energy Consumption, and Meat Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities which measured by CO2 emissions. Whilst the results of 17 countries in Asia data implies that Foreign Direct Investment, Energy Consumption, and Electric Consumption significantlyaffect Environmental Qualities. However, Gross Domestic Product and Meat Consumption does not affect Environmental Qualities.

The World Economy

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Euro Area ◽  
World Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Dollar Depreciation

The outlook for world growth this year has deteriorated since April, due to a sharp contraction in world trade in the first quarter of the year and failure to sustain the revival in private sector investment seen in the fourth quarter of 2002. We have as a consequence revised our projections for world growth this year down by ¼ percentage point. This reflects sharp downward revisions of ½–¾ percentage points in the Euro Area and Canada, both of whose exchange rates have continued to appreciate in effective terms, while the outlook for the US and Japan is broadly unchanged. Growth in Japan and the Euro Area stagnated in the first half of 2003, with recessions in Germany, Italy, the Netherlands and Austria appearing likely. The US and Canada, on the other hand, continued to expand, albeit more slowly than in the second half of 2002. Following two years of exceptional weakness, Latin American growth has started to revive, although Venezuela is still suffering from the 2 month stoppage in the oil industry earlier this year and Argentina has lost competitiveness due to a strong appreciation against the dollar. Growth has slowed in several Asian economies, notably South Korea, but China continues to expand rapidly, spurred by the competitiveness impact of the dollar depreciation and infrastructure preparations for the 2008 Olympics. This has helped sustain export growth from the rest of Asia despite the more widespread slowdown in world trade.

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