Channelising Digitalisation Amidst COVID-19 Outbreak: Case of Multichannel ICTs in Pakistan

2022 ◽  
pp. 369-377
Author(s):  
Bisma Iftekhar ◽  
Hasnain Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Outbreak Case

Evaluation of Coronavirus Anxiety in Pregnant Women on Apgar Score and Birth Weight After One Year of Coronavirus Outbreak (Case Study: Zabol, Iran)

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mirzaie ◽  
Khadije Rezaie Keikhaie ◽  
Mahin Badakhsh ◽  
Bahareh Khajehpourbahareh ◽  
Samira Ghofrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Apgar Score ◽  
One Year ◽  
Outbreak Case

MODELING THE EFFECT OF VACCINES ON CHOLERA TRANSMISSION

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 323-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
URMI GHOSH-DASTIDAR ◽  
SUZANNE LENHART
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Problem Formulation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Intestinal Bacterium ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Formulation Analysis ◽  
Outbreak Case ◽  
Related Mortality

Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease that is caused by an intestinal bacterium, Vibrio cholerae. Recently an outbreak of cholera in Haiti brought public attention to this deadly disease. In this work, the goal of our differential equation model is to find an effective optimal vaccination strategy to minimize the disease related mortality and to reduce the associated costs. The effect of seasonality in pathogen transmission on vaccination strategies was investigated under several types of disease scenarios, including an endemic case and a new outbreak case. This model is an extension of a general water-borne pathogen model. This work involves the optimal control problem formulation, analysis and numerical simulations.

scholarly journals Secondary transmissions during the outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104 in Hesse, Germany, 2011

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Hauri ◽  
U Götsch ◽  
I Strotmann ◽  
J Krahn ◽  
G Bettge-Weller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Secondary Transmission ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Outbreak Area ◽  
The Family ◽  
Satellite Clusters ◽  
Outbreak Case

During the recent outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O104:H4 in Germany most cases notified in the State of Hesse (6 million inhabitants) were linked to satellite clusters or had travelled to the outbreak area in northern Germany. Intensified surveillance was introduced to rapidly identify cases not linked to known clusters or cases and thus to obtain timely information on possible further contaminated vehicles distributed in Hesse, as well to describe the risk of secondary transmission among known cases. As of 2 August 2011*, 56 cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) including two fatal cases, and 124 cases of STEC gastroenteritis meeting the national case definitions have been reported in Hesse. Among the 55 HUS and 81 STEC gastroenteritis cases that met the outbreak case definition, one HUS case and eight STEC gastroenteritis cases may have acquired their infection through secondary transmission. They include six possible transmissions within the family, two possible nosocomial and one possible laboratory transmission. Our results do not suggest an increased transmissibility of the outbreak strain compared to what is already known about E. coli O157 and other STEC serotypes.

scholarly journals 2452. Outbreak of Candidemia Associated With a Contaminated Intravenous (IV) Anesthetic in an Adult Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in San Luis Potosí, México.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S848-S848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Portales-Castillo ◽  
Javier Araujo-Meléndez ◽  
Pedro Torres-González ◽  
Mariana Mancilla-González
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Adult Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Outbreak Case

Abstract Background In June 2018, an unusual number of candidemia-associated sepsis cases were diagnosed in sedated patients hospitalized in the 12-bed adult ICU of a teaching hospital in Mexico. The pre-outbreak candidemia rate had been calculated at 0.66 cases/100 ICU admissions for the previous 3 years. Methods We performed a case–control and microbiological study designed to trace the source of the outbreak. Case definition included adult patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and Candida species isolated on BC (blood cultures). The rest of the patients in the ICU within the study period (6/12/2018–6/22/2018) were used as controls. Results A total of 5 cases and 19 controls were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar between groups, except for SOFA scores (Table 1). Differences in median SOFA scores between groups were statistically significant (7.5 in cases and 3 in controls (p = 0.02)). After review of common medications used between cases, propofol infusion use (5/5 in cases and 6/19 in controls) was calculated as the strongest risk factor for candidemia (OR 22.84 (p = 0.04)). In-use propofol infusions available at the time were stopped and sent for culture as were unopened vials stored in the pharmacy from the lot being used in the ICU. Intrinsical contamination with bacterial and fungal species related to the outbreak was identified (Table 3). Case fatality rate during the outbreak was 80% (4/5) Conclusion Lethal infections due to contaminated medications, including propofol, have been reported worldwide. Propofol is a potential source for infections given its lipophilic nature that promotes microbial growth. This likely remains an underecognized problem that deserves awareness for early recognition. Epidemiological surveillance in our hospital prompted our case–control study and the subsequent implementation of effective control measures including rapid notification to hospital and national authorities (COFEPRIS), elimination of the identified contaminated lot, and increased promotion of both hand hygiene and adequate IV medication handling techniques among staff. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Disseminated Mycobacterium chimaera Following Open-Heart Surgery, the Heater–Cooler Unit Worldwide Outbreak: Case Report and Minireview

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Lecorche ◽  
Gauthier Pean de Ponfilly ◽  
Faiza Mougari ◽  
Hanaa Benmansour ◽  
Elodie Poisnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Outbreak Case

scholarly journals Filovirus Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak Case Management: A Review of Current and Future Treatment Options

2011 ◽  
Vol 204 (suppl_3) ◽  
pp. S791-S795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Roddy ◽  
Robert Colebunders ◽  
Benjamin Jeffs ◽  
Pedro Pablo Palma ◽  
Michel Van Herp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Future Treatment ◽  
Outbreak Case

scholarly journals Lessons for Control of Heroin-Associated Anthrax in Europe from 2009–2010 Outbreak Case Studies, London, UK

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1115-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aula Abbara ◽  
Tim Brooks ◽  
Graham P. Taylor ◽  
Marianne Nolan ◽  
Hugo Donaldson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Outbreak Case
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