IoT-Based Auto-Disinfectant Sprinkler System for Large Enclosed Space

Author(s):  
K. S. Ackshaya Varshini ◽  
T. Aghil ◽  
G. Anuradha ◽  
Y. Ashwin Ramanathan ◽  
G. Suganya ◽  
...  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1570
Author(s):  
Bogdan Ioan Băcilă ◽  
Hyunkook Lee

This paper presents a subjective study conducted on the perception of auditory attributes depending on listener position and head orientation in an enclosed space. Two elicitation experiments were carried out using the repertory grid technique—in-situ and laboratory experiments—which aimed to identify perceptual attributes among 10 different combinations of the listener’s positions and head orientations in a concert hall. It was found that, between the in-situ and laboratory experiments, the listening positions and head orientations were clustered identically. Ten salient perceptual attributes were identified from the data obtained from the laboratory experiment. Whilst these included conventional attributes such as ASW (apparent source width) and LEV (listener envelopment), new attributes such as PRL (perceived reverb loudness), ARW (apparent reverb width) and Reverb Direction were identified, and they are hypothesised to be sub-attributes of LEV (listener envelopment). Timbral characteristics such as Reverb Brightness and Echo Brightness were also identified as salient attributes, which are considered to potentially contribute to the overall perceived clarity.


1990 ◽  
pp. 274-306
Author(s):  
Jack Keller ◽  
Ron D. Bliesner

Irriga ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-313
Author(s):  
Patricia Angelica Alves Marques ◽  
Gabriel Blair Fontinelle ◽  
Alexandre Gibau de Lima ◽  
Jefferson Vieira José ◽  
Hermes Soares Da Rocha ◽  
...  

ARTEMISIA SEEDLINGS QUALITY PRODUCED IN GREENHOUSE UNDER DIFFERENT IRRIGATION SYSTEM AND FERTILIZER DOSES PATRICIA ANGÉLICA ALVES MARQUES¹; GABRIEL BLAIR FONTINELLE¹; ALEXANDRE GIBAU DE LIMA¹; JEFFERSON VIEIRA JOSÉ2*; HERMES SOARES DA ROCHA3 E DANIEL SOARES ALVES4 [1]Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Sao Paulo/ESALQ, C.P. 09 – 13418-900 – Piracicaba, SP – Brazil. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], 2Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Mato Grosso, C.P. 78735-910 – Rondonópolis, MT – Brazil.  E-mail: [email protected] of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, C.P. 38610-000 – Unaí, MG – Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] of Agricultural Engineering, Estate University of Mato Grosso, C.P. 78300-000 – Tanagra da Serra MT – Brazil.  E-mail: [email protected]  1 ABSTRACT The Artemisia annua L. is a source of essential oils used in perfumery and cosmetics industry, and the yield of oil is affected by the quality of the seedlings used. The present study was carried out in order to evaluate the production of Artemisia annua L. seedlings grown in greenhouse, under two irrigation systems and four levels of commercial fertilizer of high solubility, in a completely randomized design in a 2x4 factorial arrangement and four replications. Germination and growth of roots and shoots seedlings (stems and leaves) were assessed. It was observed at 36 days of sowing (DAS), that plant height was 743% higher on floating system than plants under micro sprinkler system, and that the relationship between root’s and shoot’s dry matter is inversely proportional to the doses of nutrient solution applied. Seedlings showed Dickson quality index greater than 1.3 for all the doses of fertilizer under the floating system. On the other hand, values less than 0.6 were observed for plants under micro sprinkler system. Keywords: seedling production; floating system; medicinal plants irrigation  MARQUES, P. A. A; FONTINELLE, G. B.; LIMA, A. G.; JOSÉ, J. V.; ROCHA, H. S.; ALVES, D. SQUALIDADES DE MUDAS DE ARTEMISIA PRODUZIDAS EM CASA DE VEGETAÇÃO SUBMETIDAS A DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE IRRIGAÇAO E DOSES DE FERTILIZANTES  2 RESUMO A Artemisia annua L. é uma fonte de óleos essenciais utilizados na indústria de perfumaria e cosméticos, e o rendimento do óleo é afetado pela qualidade das mudas. O presente estudo foi realizado para avaliar a produção de mudas de Artemisia annua L. cultivadas em casa de vegetação, sob dois sistemas de irrigação e quatro níveis de fertilizante comercial de alta solubilidade, em um delineamento experimental inteiramente aleatorizado, em esquema fatorial 2x4 e quatro repetições. Foram avaliados a germinação e o crescimento das mudas de raízes e parte aérea (caule e folhas). Foi observado aos 36 dias após a semeadura (DAS) que a altura das plantas era 743% maior no sistema de flutuação do que das plantas sob microaspersão, e que a relação entre massa seca da raiz/massa seca da parte aérea foi inversamente proporcional às doses de solução nutritiva aplicada. As mudas apresentaram índice de qualidade de Dickson superior a 1,3 para todas as doses de fertilizante no sistema flutuante. Por outro lado, valores inferiores a 0,6 foram observados para as plantas sob microaspersão. Palavras-chave: produção de mudas; floating system; irrigação de plantas medicinais


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
A. V. Silva ◽  
J. F. Silva Filho ◽  
M. C. T. Silva ◽  
N. C. A. Vaz ◽  
M. L. G. Silva

Common Bean (Phaseolusvulgaris L) is one of the main food sources in Brazil, hás cultural and nutricional values. Its cultivation can be found mosthy by small producers with small production áreas and some technological types, and extends throughout the national territory. The objective of this research was to elaborate a review about the edaphoclimatic adaptability and agricultural production environments of the bean crop. Since, beans can be sown at three times of the year, in which edaphoclimatic characteristics are defined as: 1 st crop (Sowing performed between August and October); 2nd crop (Sowing performed from January to April); and autumn crop winter crop, in which sowing occurs from May and, characterized as annual crop. In the 3rd harvest the use of irrigatin system, made by sprinkler system. However, sowing in different harvest may be influenced by the type of culivar used, as it hás Type I characterization because it hás a determined growth habit with reproductive terminal buds in the main stem and branches, while the second (types II, III and IV) have indeterminate growth habit with vegetative terminal buds on the main stem and branches. However there is a difference between the three types in the plant, the type III prostrate sinze and type IV plant that hás large climbing capacity. Although it demonstrates these attributes, the bean also hás during its biological cycle the vegetative and reproductive phases, which are divided into tem stages. The vegetative phase (V) consists of stages V0, V1, V2, V3 and V4 and the reproductive phase (R), of stages R5, R6, R 7, R8 and R9 being crucial for the development of the crop. Despite these stages of bean development, it hás wide adaptation and geographical distribuion, the bean  is very little tolerant to extreme environmental factors, being a relatively demanding crop with reagard to most edaphoclimatic conditions. Thus, the agroclimatic characteristics of the region and the requirements and limitations of common bean are of fundamental importance for the choice of an environment where the crop can grow and develop well, in order to obtain optimum yield, taking full advantage of the cultivar. and other practices or technologies employed in order to provide positive effects on the crop.Common Bean (Phaseolusvulgaris L) is one of the main food sources in Brazil, hás cultural and nutricional values. Its cultivation can be found mosthy by small producers with small production áreas and some technological types, and extends throughout the national territory. The objective of this research was to elaborate a review about the edaphoclimatic adaptability and agricultural production environments of the bean crop. Since, beans can be sown at three times of the year, in which edaphoclimatic characteristics are defined as: 1 st crop (Sowing performed between August and October); 2nd crop (Sowing performed from January to April); and autumn crop winter crop, in which sowing occurs from May and, characterized as annual crop. In the 3rd harvest the use of irrigatin system, made by sprinkler system. However, sowing in different harvest may be influenced by the type of culivar used, as it hás Type I characterization because it hás a determined growth habit with reproductive terminal buds in the main stem and branches, while the second (types II, III and IV) have indeterminate growth habit with vegetative terminal buds on the main stem and branches. However there is a difference between the three types in the plant, the type III prostrate sinze and type IV plant that hás large climbing capacity. Although it demonstrates these attributes, the bean also hás during its biological cycle the vegetative and reproductive phases, which are divided into tem stages. The vegetative phase (V) consists of stages V0, V1, V2, V3 and V4 and the reproductive phase (R), of stages R5, R6, R 7, R8 and R9 being crucial for the development of the crop. Despite these stages of bean development, it hás wide adaptation and geographical distribuion, the bean  is very little tolerant to extreme environmental factors, being a relatively demanding crop with reagard to most edaphoclimatic conditions. Thus, the agroclimatic characteristics of the region and the requirements and limitations of common bean are of fundamental importance for the choice of an environment where the crop can grow and develop well, in order to obtain optimum yield, taking full advantage of the cultivar. and other practices or technologies employed in order to provide positive effects on the crop.


Jurnal Tekno ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ruslan ◽  
M.Saleh Al-Amin ◽  
Emidiana Emidiana

Abstract   Fire is a phenomenon that occurs when a material reaches a critical temperature and reacts chemically with oxygen (for example) producing heat, flame, light, smoke, water vapor, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or other products and effects. Fires can occur anywhere, be it in office buildings, residences or public facilities. As for other than in public areas, fires often occur, both in rooms and laboratories, the triggers are almost the same due to negligence and not being careful in using flammable tools. For this reason, the need for a fire detector with a detector system using an alarm so that once a fire occurs, all those in the building can find out through the detector with an alarm sound as a fire marker. In order to reduce casualties, the need for a sprinkler system to extinguish the fire, and can assist the officers or authorities in the building as soon as possible. From the above problems, this research will determine how many detectors and sprinklers are needed, as well as how much water volume, pump power, and ground water tank are needed. This type of research is quantitative research by direct observation of the object under study, then researchers measure the room one by one using a building meter. From the calculation results by taking a sample on the 1st floor, the number of detectors needed is 10 smoke detectors and 3 heat detectors, the number of sprinklers is 47, the volume of water needed is 846 m3, the pump power and ground water tank needed are hydraulic power. pump (HHP) 3,28621 kW, pump shaft power (BHP) 4.38 kW, pump electric power (P) 6 kW, diesel pump (PpD) 4 HP, jocky pump (PJk) 0.6 kW, capacity GWT ( QGWT) 44 m3.


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