Structural Analysis on the Separated and Integrated Differential Gear Case for the Weight Reduction

Author(s):  
Jaesun Lee ◽  
Jungho Han ◽  
Sunil Kumar Sharma
Author(s):  
Polyminna Dileep ◽  
C. Mohan Naidu

Weight reduction of turbofan engines is one of the main concerns of aero engine manufacturers in order to cut fuel burn. To achieve higher fuel efficiency, aero engine manufacturers develop turbofans with higher bypass ratio, which can only be achieved with larger (and heavier) fan sections. This makes weight reduction in fan components a major consideration and becomes a key driver for the use of composite materials in future engines. The objective of this project is to design, perform structural analysis and optimization of a Composite fan blade. Development of a fan blade is comparable to a future large aircraft engine fan blade. This thesis is about the structural analysis of a composite fan blade with a honeycomb sandwich construction with a polymer matrix composite and honeycomb Aluminium core compared with baseline solid basic fan blade made of titanium. The focus of this work is to design the sandwich composite blade with honeycomb core and conduct static and dynamic analysis.


Author(s):  
Aminu Muhammed Audu ◽  
Huang Hai

An efficient weight reduction and improved stiffness requirements of a practical spacecraft Trainsat-1 satellite are presented, utilizing abound high efficient method used in MSC. Nastran. Numerical example was also given to test the validity of the software in spacecraft application.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 168781402110531
Author(s):  
Ji-Won Choi ◽  
Seung-Ho Han ◽  
Kwon-Hee Lee

It is a trend to implement weight reduction in parts in recent years when developing a new car. This trend is because weight reduction is essential to respond to tightening environmental regulations. In other words, parts manufacturers of body, chassis, and power train systems have made considerable efforts to reduce weight from the proto design stage. This study performed structural analysis and optimization for weight reduction of a propeller shaft for a passenger car. The natural frequency and the durability of the developing propeller shaft were examined through finite element analyses and tests. Then, optimization was accomplished by focusing on the weight reduction of the tubes made of given steel material. In this process, the metamodel-based optimization technique, kriging interpolation, was applied, and the weight was reduced by 5.3% based on the propeller shaft and 14.1% based on the tube. ANSYS Workbench was used for structural analysis, an in-house program was used to build the kriging model, and MATLAB was used for optimization.


Author(s):  
W. H. Wu ◽  
R. M. Glaeser

Spirillum serpens possesses a surface layer protein which exhibits a regular hexagonal packing of the morphological subunits. A morphological model of the structure of the protein has been proposed at a resolution of about 25 Å, in which the morphological unit might be described as having the appearance of a flared-out, hollow cylinder with six ÅspokesÅ at the flared end. In order to understand the detailed association of the macromolecules, it is necessary to do a high resolution structural analysis. Large, single layered arrays of the surface layer protein have been obtained for this purpose by means of extensive heating in high CaCl2, a procedure derived from that of Buckmire and Murray. Low dose, low temperature electron microscopy has been applied to the large arrays.As a first step, the samples were negatively stained with neutralized phosphotungstic acid, and the specimens were imaged at 40,000 magnification by use of a high resolution cold stage on a JE0L 100B. Low dose images were recorded with exposures of 7-9 electrons/Å2. The micrographs obtained (Fig. 1) were examined by use of optical diffraction (Fig. 2) to tell what areas were especially well ordered.


Author(s):  
E. Loren Buhle ◽  
Pamela Rew ◽  
Ueli Aebi

While DNA-dependent RNA polymerase represents one of the key enzymes involved in transcription and ultimately in gene expression in procaryotic and eucaryotic cells, little progress has been made towards elucidation of its 3-D structure at the molecular level over the past few years. This is mainly because to date no 3-D crystals suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis have been obtained with this rather large (MW ~500 kd) multi-subunit (α2ββ'ζ). As an alternative, we have been trying to form ordered arrays of RNA polymerase from E. coli suitable for structural analysis in the electron microscope combined with image processing. Here we report about helical polymers induced from holoenzyme (α2ββ'ζ) at low ionic strength with 5-7 mM MnCl2 (see Fig. 1a). The presence of the ζ-subunit (MW 86 kd) is required to form these polymers, since the core enzyme (α2ββ') does fail to assemble into such structures under these conditions.


Author(s):  
Paul DeCosta ◽  
Kyugon Cho ◽  
Stephen Shemlon ◽  
Heesung Jun ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of electron micrographs of cells and tissues, often requires the accurate extraction of structural networks, which either provide immediate 2D or 3D information, or from which the desired information can be inferred. The images of these structures contain lines and/or curves whose orientation, lengths, and intersections characterize the overall network.Some examples exist of studies that have been done in the analysis of networks of natural structures. In, Sebok and Roemer determine the complexity of nerve structures in an EM formed slide. Here the number of nodes that exist in the image describes how dense nerve fibers are in a particular region of the skin. Hildith proposes a network structural analysis algorithm for the automatic classification of chromosome spreads (type, relative size and orientation).


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