scholarly journals Long-Term Tracking of Multiple Benefits of Participatory Forest Restoration in Marginal Cultural Landscapes in Himalaya

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Krishna G. Saxena ◽  
Kottapalli S. Rao ◽  
Rakesh K. Maikhuri
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Local People ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Sustainable Landscape Management ◽  
Flowering Plant Species

AbstractThe literature is abound with references to the potential of indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) for sustainable landscape management, but empirical on-the-ground efforts that demonstrate this potential are still lacking. To identify interventions for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of forest restoration, participatory trials were set out in the Indian Himalaya, where per capita degraded land far exceeds per capita cropped/healthy forest land. Treatments were designed based on pooled indigenous and scientific knowledge taking into account farm-forest-livelihood interactions in cultural landscapes. The multipurpose tree-bamboo-medicinal herb mixed restoration plantation reached a state of economic benefit/cost ratio >1 in the eighth year and recovered 30–50% of flowering plant species and carbon stock in intact forest. The communities maintained but did not expand restoration in the absence of policies addressing their genuine needs and aspirations. Transformative change for sustainable restoration would include (1) nesting restoration in participatory, long-term, adaptive and integrated landscape development programmes, (2) formally involving communities in planning, monitoring, bioprospecting, and financial management, (3) assuring long-term funding but limited to the inputs unaffordable for local people, (4) stimulating the inquisitive minds of local people by enriching ILK and cultural heritage, (5) convincing policymakers to provide the scientific rationale behind policy stands, to support the regular interactions of communities with researchers, traders, and industrialists, to commit to genuine payment for ecosystem services in unambiguous terms at multiple spatial (household, village and village cluster) and temporal (short, medium and long-term) scales, and to support long-term participatory action research for development of “landscape restoration models” in varied socio-ecological scenarios.

The Reproduction Vector of the Russian Economy: 1999-2007

2008 ◽  
pp. 94-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Developed Countries

The problem of the Russian economy’s growth rates is considered in the article in the context of Russia’s backwardness regarding GDP per capita in comparison with the developed countries. The author stresses the urgency of modernization of the real sector of the economy and the recovery of the country’s human capital. For reaching these goals short- or mid-term programs are not sufficient. Economic policy needs a long-term (15-20 years) strategy, otherwise Russia will be condemned to economic inertia and multiplying structural disproportions.

The Quantification of Structural Reforms in OECD Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Égert ◽  
Peter Gal
Keyword(s):  
Product Market ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Product Market Regulation ◽  
The Impact

This chapter describes and discusses a new supply-side framework that quantifies the impact of structural reforms on per capita income in OECD countries. It presents the overall macroeconomic impacts of reforms by aggregating over the effects on physical capital, employment, and productivity through a production function. On the basis of reforms defined as observed changes in policies, the chapter finds that product market regulation has the largest overall single policy impact five years after the reforms. But the combined impact of all labour market policies is considerably larger than that of product market regulation. The paper also shows that policy impacts can differ at different horizons. The overall long-term effects on GDP per capita of policies transiting through capital deepening can be considerably larger than the five- to ten-year impacts. By contrast, the long-term impact of policies coming only via the employment rate channel materializes at a shorter horizon.

scholarly journals Forest restoration increases isolated wetland hydroperiod: a long‐term case study

Ecosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Golladay ◽  
B. A. Clayton ◽  
S. T. Brantley ◽  
C. R. Smith ◽  
J. Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Isolated Wetland ◽  
Wetland Hydroperiod

scholarly journals Long-Term Forest Floor Fuels Accumulations in Sierran Mixed Conifer Subjected to Forest Restoration Treatments

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Swim SL ◽  
Walker RF ◽  
Johnson DW ◽  
Fecko RM ◽  
Miller WW
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Restoration ◽  
Mixed Conifer

scholarly journals Maximizing the Benefit-Cost Ratio of Anthracyclines in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Case Report of a Patient with a Complete Response to High-Dose Doxorubicin

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Shee ◽  
Alan T. Kono ◽  
Susan P. D'Anna ◽  
Mark A. Seltzer ◽  
Xiaoying Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Breast Cancer Case ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost

Despite the clinical efficacy of anthracycline agents such as doxorubicin, dose-limiting cardiac toxicities significantly limit their long-term use. Here, we present the case of a 33-year-old female patient with extensive metastatic ER+/PR+/HER2– mucinous adenocarcinoma of the breast, who was started on doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide therapy after progressing on paclitaxel and ovarian suppressor goserelin with aromatase inhibitor exemestane. The patient was comanaged by cardiology, who carefully monitored measures of cardiac function, including EKGs, serial echocardiograms, and profiling of lipids, troponin, and pro-BNP every 2 months. The patient was treated with the cardioprotective agent dexrazoxane, and changes in cardiac markers [e.g. decreases in ejection fraction (EF)] were immediately addressed by therapeutic intervention with the ACE inhibitor lisinopril and beta-blocker metoprolol. The patient had a complete response to doxorubicin therapy, with a cumulative dose of 1,350 mg/m2, which is significantly above the recommended limits, and to our knowledge, the highest dose reported in literature. Two and a half years after the last doxorubicin cycle, the patient is asymptomatic with no cardiotoxicity and an excellent quality of life. This case highlights the importance of careful monitoring and management of doxorubicin-mediated cardiotoxicity, and that higher cumulative doses of anthracyclines can be considered in patients with ongoing clinical benefit.

An Organisational Evaluation Capability Hierarchy Model for Self-diagnosis1

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin A Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Evaluation Theory ◽  
Information Systems Management ◽  
Capability Maturity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hierarchy Model ◽  
Management Project

The use of Capability Maturity Models in financial management, project management, people management and information systems management in a wide variety of organisations indicates the potential for an Organisational Evaluation Capability Hierarchy to guide the self-diagnosis of organisations in building their evaluation maturity. This paper is about the theory behind this growing trend in organisational governance and organisational diagnosis, and explores its relevance to evaluation theory and practice. This theoretical analysis may have long-term practical benefits for evaluation practitioners, as is being developed in the fields of project management, financial management, and people management in a wide range of organisations.

scholarly journals RAPELD: a modification of the Gentry method for biodiversity surveys in long-term ecological research sites

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Magnusson ◽  
Albertina P. Lima ◽  
Regina Luizão ◽  
Flávio Luizão ◽  
Flávia R. C. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Local People ◽  
Ecological Research ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Biological Surveys ◽  
Incomplete Coverage ◽  
Long Term Ecological Research

Our objectives were to develop a method that would be appropriate for long-term ecological studies, but that would permit rapid surveys to evaluate biotic complementarity and land-use planning in Amazonia. The Amazon basin covers about 7 million km². Therefore, even a sparse coverage, with one sample site per 10.000 km², would require about 700 sampling sites. Financial considerations limit the number of sites and investment at each site, but incomplete coverage makes evaluation of biotic complementarity difficult or impossible (Reddy & Dávalos 2003). Our next challenge is to install similar systems throughout Amazonia. The cost, based on modification of Al Gentry's original design is moderate (less than US$ 50.000 per site if it is not necessary to immediately identify all vascular plants in plots) and we can obtain RAP results for most taxa in the short term at much lower cost. However, biological surveys will only be relevant if the local people participate and the surveys serve as much to teach the local communities about the value of their natural resources as they serve to teach the international community about biodiversity. Therefore, we want to see each site run as a long-term ecological research project by local people and institutions. Biological surveys are an important tool in land-use planning, but only the local people can implement those plans.

scholarly journals Pick-Up Savings System to Improve the Financial Management Capabilities of Village Communities: Analysis of The Role of Village-Owned Enterprises

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Eka SISKAWATI ◽  
Meri YULIA ◽  
Zahara ZAHARA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Management Capabilities ◽  
The Village ◽  
Economic Institution

The business entity owned by the Village, as an economic institution at the village level, established to improve the economic welfare of the village community. One of the efforts made is to increase awareness behavior in saving. The behavior of villagers in saving  is often still short-term oriented, so most villagers have not been able to manage finances to anticipate their financial problems in the future. Therefore, research on the role of BUMDes as a village-scale economic institution in improving the financial management capabilities of the village community is very important to do. The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of business entities have    in improving the financial management capabilities of the community through  savings products with a savings pick-up system.  This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods  in Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) Pakandangan Emas. Data collection techniques are conducted through interviews and observations in the field. This research found that Unit sharia savings business in BUMDes Pakandangan Emas can shape people's behavior  in long-term financial management. This behavior is formed mainly through a savings system that is directly picked up to the community.

scholarly journals Food Affordability and Economic Growth

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1571-1579
Author(s):  
Ruslan Mudrak ◽  
Volodymyr Lagodiienko ◽  
Nataliia Lagodiienko ◽  
Vitalii Rybchak
Keyword(s):  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Functional Characteristic ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Food Affordability ◽  
Constant Prices

The conducted correlation-andregression analysis revealed a close inverse connection between the functional characteristic "share of the expenditures for food and non-alcoholic beverages in the structure of the total expenditures of the households" and the factorial characteristic "GDP per capita by purchasing power parity, at constant prices". The response of the share of food expenditures in the structure of the total expenditures of the households to per capita GDP growth corresponds to the law of diminishing returns. The pattern is manifested in the long-term period.

scholarly journals Making and Unmaking Territories with Plants in the Riverine Peat Landscape of Central Kalimantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-37
Author(s):  
Anu Lounela
Keyword(s):  
Local People ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Environmental Practices ◽  
Central Kalimantan ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Commodification Of Nature ◽  
Frontier Development

Central Kalimantan, located on the Indonesian side of Borneo, has often been described as a state frontier area where rapid changes take place in legal and administrative regimes and in the rules that govern access and ownership to land and nature. Today, frontier development includes state and non-state actors that bring natural resource projects aimed at producing long-term effects by engaging local people in the commodification of nature. Local people adopt and abandon these projects at a rapid pace due to changing conditions, policies, and natural hazards. I will explore commodification in terms of territorial projects and the spatial and temporal reordering of human-nature relations within the landscapes of Central Kalimantan. Linked to the territorial expansion of trees and plants, commodification challenges local environmental practices and forms of sociality. The paper argues that the commodification of nature and the territorial aspects of this bring new layers of complications and thus have unexpected effects on the lives of local populations. Keywords: frontier, commodification, plants, landscape, state-making, Kalimantan

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