Feeding of Cyclops vicinus (Uljanin) (Copepoda: Cyclopoida) in Lake Balaton on the basis of gut content analyses

Hydrobiologia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
L�szl� G. T�th ◽  
N�ra P. Z�nkai
Keyword(s):  
Lake Balaton ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Cyclops Vicinus ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Copepoda Cyclopoida

Detailed comparative morphology of the peri-oral structures of the Mysidacea and Euphausiacea (Crustacea): an indication for the food preference

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. De Jong-Moreau ◽  
B. Casanova ◽  
J.-P. Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Food Preference ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Meganyctiphanes Norvegica ◽  
Molar Process

Scanning microscope investigations were carried out on mandibles, labrum and paragnaths of several species of Mysidacea and Euphausiacea. Gut content analyses were in agreement with morphological observations. It appears that the morphology of the peri-oral structures and especially of the mandibles reflect the feeding habits, and that the well known relationships between the size of the molar process and the incisor one, i.e. a large molar process is associated with herbivorous feeding, is not always verified. Bacescomysis abyssalis and Bentheuphausia amblyops are believed to be mostly saprophagous, Boreomysis inermis and Meganyctiphanes norvegica are mostly phytophagous, Hemimysis speluncola is omnivorous, while Siriella armata and Thysanopoda orientalis are carnivorous species.

Predation on feather stars by regular echinoids as evidenced by laboratory and field observations and its paleobiological implications

Paleobiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Stevenson ◽  
Forest J. Gahn ◽  
Tomasz K. Baumiller ◽  
George D. Sevastopulo
Keyword(s):  
Field Observations ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Bathymetric Range ◽  
Photographic Evidence ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Reef Environments ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Stalked Crinoids ◽  
Feather Star ◽  
Feather Stars

AbstractAmong extant crinoids, the feather stars are the most diverse and occupy the greatest bathymetric range, being especially common in reef environments. Feather stars possess a variety of morphological, behavioral and physiological traits that have been hypothesized to be critical to their success, especially in their ability to cope with predation. However, knowledge of their predators is exceptionally scant, consisting primarily of circumstantial evidence of attacks by fishes. In this study the question whether regular echinoids, recently shown to consume stalked crinoids, also consume feather stars is explored. Aquarium observations indicate that regular echinoids find feather stars palatable, including feather stars known to be distasteful to fish, and that regular echinoids can capture and eat live feather stars, including those known to swim. Gut-content analyses of the echinoidAraeosoma fenestratum(Thomson, 1872), which is commonly observed with large populations of the feather starKoehlermetra porrecta(Carpenter, 1888) in video transects from marine canyons off the coast of France, revealed elements of feather stars in the guts of 6 of 13 individuals. The high proportion of crinoid material (up to 90%), and the presence of articulated crinoid skeletal elements in the gut ofA. fenestratum, suggest that these echinoids consumed at least some live crinoids, although they may have also ingested some postmortem remains found in the sediment. Additionally, photographic evidence from the northeast Atlantic suggests that another regular echinoid,Cidaris cidaris(Linnaeus, 1758), preys on feather stars. Thus in spite of the broad suite of antipredatory adaptations, feather stars are today subject to predation by regular echinoids and may have been since the Mesozoic, when this group of crinoids first appeared.

Diatom diet of abalone post-larvae (Haliotis midae) and the effect of pre-grazing the diatom overstorey

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Matthews ◽  
PA Cook
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Nitzschia Palea ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Haliotis Midae ◽  
Preferred Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Gut content analyses of abalone post-larvae (H. midae) that settled on diatom-covered surfaces were conducted to determine selectivity in feeding. Diatoms were counted by the Utermohl method and scanning electron microscopy was used for their identification. Results indicated that abalone post-larvae preferred prostrate diatoms such as Cocconeis sublittoralis Hendey, Amphora proteoides Hustedt and Achnanthes brevipes Agasdh but would consume the more loosely packed, overstorey species such as Delphineis karstenii (Boden) Fryxell, Diploneis placida (Schmidt) Hustedt and Nitzschia palea (Kiitzing) Wm. Smith if their preferred food was not available. Pre-grazing of settlement surfaces by juvenile abalone before the introduction of larvae removed most of the overstorey diatoms but left the preferred species virtually intact.

Linking habitat complexity with predation of pests through molecular gut-content analyses

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1425-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsofia Szendrei ◽  
Alexandria Bryant ◽  
Daniel Rowley ◽  
Michael J. Furlong ◽  
Jason M. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Complexity ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Content Analyses

Functional morphology and feeding strategy of the hydrothermal-vent polychaete Archinome rosacea (family Archinomidae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Ward ◽  
Cheryl D Jenkins ◽  
Cindy Lee Man Dover
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Prey Capture ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Large Component ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Toxic Materials ◽  
Content Analyses

Polychaetes are a large component of deep-sea hydrothermal-vent invertebrate faunas, yet little is known about the trophic ecology of most species. In this study, the feeding mode of a common and widespread vent polychaete, Archinome rosacea (order Amphinomida), is investigated through morphological studies and gut-content analyses. The foregut of this polychaete is similar in structure to that of other shallow-water Amphinomida. Prey capture is facilitated by a ventral muscular eversible proboscis with two glandular lateral-lip structures. Extracellular digestion is suggested by packets of digestive enzymes observed to be discharged from the apical ends of the midgut epithelial cells into the lumen. Midgut tissues also contain inclusions resembling spherocrystals, possibly sites where toxic materials are sequestered. Gut-content analyses indicate a preference for mobile prey, including polychaetes and crustaceans. We propose that predation and scavenging are important trophic strategies for A. rosacea.

scholarly journals Feeding habits of Perlodidae (Plecoptera) in the hyporheic habitats of Alpine streams (Trentino-NE Italy)

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Silveri ◽  
José Tierno de Figueroa ◽  
Bruno Maiolini
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Functional Feeding Group ◽  
Ne Italy ◽  
Refuge Area ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Alpine Streams

Toltal of 75 nymphs of Dictyogenus fontium, Perlodes intricatus and Isoperla (cf) rivulorum and 22 juvenile Perlodinae were collected in hyporheic habitats of the Noce Bianco watershed (Trentino, NE Italy). The identification of their life stages allowed considerations regarding their presence in the hyporheos, mainly used as a refuge habitat, particularly during vulnerable phases of their life cycle (neanid stage and pre-imaginal phase). This function is possible, given the more stable environmental conditions and the minor predatory pressures in this habitat. The gut content analyses of the three species assigned them to the engulfers-carnivorous functional feeding group, with slight resource partitions between the two largest species. P. intricatus appears to feed on less mobile and fleshy preys while D. fontium prefers more sclerotized and active preys. The results indicate that the hyporheos acts not only as a refuge area but also as a trophic habitat for some Perlodidae species.

Impact of abiotic factors on predator-prey interactions: DNA-based gut content analysis in a microcosm experiment

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. von Berg ◽  
M. Traugott ◽  
W.O.C. Symondson ◽  
S. Scheu
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Gut Content Analysis ◽  
Gut Content ◽  
Microcosm Experiment ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Content Analyses ◽  
Aphid Populations

AbstractThe effects of predators on prey populations can be modified by a number of abiotic factors. Here, we investigated the combined and separate effects of rain and ground-dwelling predators on aphid populations in a microcosm experiment lasting for 21 days, using PCR to analyse the gut content of the predators. Rain significantly dislodged aphids from shoots and ears by 57% and 25%, respectively. The gut content analysis showed that more predators consumed aphids in the rain treatment than without rain, indicating higher availability of aphids to ground-dwelling predators after rain. However, no synergistic effects of rain and ground-dwelling predators on aphid population development could be demonstrated. Rain alone significantly decreased aphid populations by 27%, suggesting that this is a significant mortality factor. Predators alone had no significant effect on aphid numbers, but the gut content analyses showed aphid consumption also in the no-rain treatments, indicating that aphids were available to the predators on the soil surface even without rain. Our results suggest that weather conditions such as rain can modify predator-prey interactions in the field. Employing PCR-based predator gut content analyses proved to be useful as trophic links could be directly verified.

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