Stressful life events preceding the acute onset of schizophrenia: A cross-national study from the World Health Organization

Crime may be associated with a less structured society, less social integration, and feelings of less security and greater distress among citizens, which characteristics may lead to mental illness and subsequent suicide. Therefore, a cross-national analysis examining the association of general population suicide rates with percent of males and females in the population victimised by different categories of crime was undertaken using cross-national data from the World Health Organization and United Nations for 42 countries. Spearman correlations were generally weak and not statistically significant. Those values were at variance with the study's hypothesis and may be explained by several factors, including methodological issues. Individual-level case-control or cohort studies of suicides and attempted suicides in the general population may permit exploration of the relation of general population suicides with experience and percent by nations of being victimised by crime.

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Cross-National Associations Between Gender and Mental Disorders in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

Archives of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.36 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (7) ◽

pp. 785 ◽

Cited By ~ 513

Author(s):

Soraya Seedat ◽

Kate Margaret Scott ◽

Matthias C. Angermeyer ◽

Patricia Berglund ◽

Evelyn J. Bromet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Health Surveys ◽

World Health ◽

World Mental Health ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

Cross National

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A preliminary cross-national study of a possible relationship between elderly suicide rates and tuberculosis

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610209990378 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 1190-1195 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ajit Shah

Keyword(s):

The Elderly ◽

World Health ◽

National Study ◽

Elderly Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Elderly Suicide ◽

Health Organization ◽

Cross National Study ◽

Cross National

ABSTRACTBackground: The elderly are at high risk of developing tuberculosis. The prevalence and incidence of depression and anxiety are higher in those with tuberculosis than in the general population. A positive correlation between national suicide rates and rates of mortality due to tuberculosis has been reported.Methods: The relationships between elderly suicide rates and (i) the prevalence of tuberculosis, (ii) the proportion of detected cases of tuberculosis, and (iii) the proportion of cured cases of tuberculosis were examined in a cross-national study using data from the World Health Organization and the United Nations.Results: There were no significant correlations between elderly suicide rates and the prevalence of tuberculosis and the proportion of detected cases of tuberculosis. There were weak but significant negative correlations between the proportion of cured cases of tuberculosis and suicide rates for both sexes in both elderly age-bands.Conclusion: Caution should be exercised in interpreting the findings and the direction of the causal relationship from this cross-sectional ecological study because of ecological fallacy. However, if the findings are true then potentially the study has important implications for prevention of elderly suicides, particularly in countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis.

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Duration of remitting psychoses with acute onset

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.176.6.576 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 176 (6) ◽

pp. 576-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Ramin Mojtabai ◽

Ezra Susser ◽

Vijoy K. Varma

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Acute Onset ◽

World Health ◽

Outcome Study ◽

The World ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Health Organization

BackgroundThe acute and transient psychotic disorders (ATPD) in ICD–10 advanced the nosology of remitting psychoses with acute onset. But the proposed criteria for ATPD – especially in regard to duration – are tentative and need to be validated.AimsTo evaluate: (a) the duration of remitting psychoses with acute onset; (b) the applicability of the ATPD criteria for these cases; and (c) differences in duration and ATPD diagnoses across sociocultural settings.MethodData from the World Health Organization Determinants of Outcome study were used.ResultsThe 98 cases of remitting psychoses with acute onset had a modal duration of 2–4 months, with 43% falling in this range. Mainly because of this, few met the ATPD criteria. Duration and diagnostic findings were similar across settings.ConclusionsATPD criteria need refinement, especially in regard to duration. Further studies aimed at early detection and assessment of onset and duration of these disorders are needed.

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Depressive Symptoms and Stressful Life Events Predict Metabolic Syndrome Among Middle-Aged Women: A comparison of World Health Organization, Adult Treatment Panel III, and International Diabetes Foundation definitions

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc06-1857 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 872-877 ◽

Cited By ~ 177

Author(s):

K. Raikkonen ◽

K. A. Matthews ◽

L. H. Kuller

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Life Events ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Stressful Life ◽

World Health ◽

Adult Treatment ◽

Adult Treatment Panel ◽

Health Organization

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Association of General Population Suicide Rates with Urbanisation

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.104.2.609-612 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 609-612

Author(s):

Ajit Shah

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

A Priori ◽

World Health ◽

National Study ◽

Curvilinear Relationship ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Using Data ◽

Health Organization ◽

Cross National Study ◽

Cross National

There is mixed evidence of a relation for suicide rates in the general population with urbanisation. A cross-national study of 76 countries was undertaken examining the a priori hypothesis that the relation of the general population suicide rates with urbanisation, using data from the World Health Organization and United Nations, would be curvilinear and follow an inverted U-shaped curve, with a quadratic pattern. The predicted curvilinear relation was not found. This may have been due to major methodological limitations in cross-national studies, so this hypothesised curvilinear relationship may be better examined in longitudinal studies over time in individual countries undergoing urbanisation.

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