The influence of dietary?-carboline alkaloids on growth rate, food consumption, and food utilization of larvae ofSpodoptera exigua (Hubner)

1988 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Clymer Cavin ◽  
Eloy Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Utilization

Some aspects of the action of diflubenzuron and trifluron on food consumption, growth rate and food utilization by Spodoptera littoralis larvae

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.S.A. Radwan ◽  
O.M. Assal ◽  
G.E. Abo-Elghar ◽  
M.R. Riskallah ◽  
M.T. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Consumption Growth

scholarly journals The effect of feeding high levels of low-quality proteins to growing chickens

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Wetnli ◽  
T. R. Morris ◽  
T. P. Shresta
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
The Third ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Groundnut Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

1. Three growth trials were done using male broiler chicks. In the first two trials, groundnut meal was used, with and without supplementary methionine and lysine. In the third trial, soya-bean meal was used with and without supplementary methionine. Protein levels ranged in the first trial from 120 to 420 g/kg diet and in the third trial from 120 to 300 g/kg diet. Thus the assumed minimal amino acid requirements of the chick were supplied by high levels of low-quality dietary protein.2. Diets based on cereals and groundnut meal did not support maximum live-weight gain or maximum efficiency of food utilization at any level of dietary protein. When the principal deficiencies of lysine and methionine were corrected, this protein mixture was capable of supporting the same growth rate as a control diet of cereals and herring meal.3. Diets based on maize and soya-bean meal did not support quite the same growth rate as similar diets supplemented with methionine, even though the protein level in the unsupplemented diets was sufficient to meet the assumed methionine requirements.4. These results are interpreted as examples of amino acid imbalance in diets composed of familiar feeding-stuffs. It is concluded that one cannot assume that the poor quality of a protein source can always be offset by increasing the concentration of dietary protein.

scholarly journals CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE O EFEITO DA SALINIDADE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE JUVENIS DE EU6BWES BRASILIANUS (CUVIER, 1830) (PISCESGERREIDAE), EM LABORATÓRIO.

1986 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daura Regina de Brito Eiras ◽  
Rudival Ribeiro Stofella
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Weight Increase ◽  
Consumption Growth

EFFECT OF SALINITY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF JUVENILES OF Eugerres brasilianus (Cuvier, 1830) (PISCES-GERREIDAE). Juveniles of Eugerres brasilianus (L< = 8,9 — 9,1cm) were used in bio-assays in order to assess the effect of different salinities (0, 10, 20, 26, 30 and 40%c) upon their development. The rate of food consumption, growth rate and weight increase were analyzed during 6 months. Preferential salinities were, in increasing order: 0, 30, 26, 20 and 10%e>. All individuals died within 48 hours when exposed to a salinity of 40%e.Foram realizados bio-ensaios com exemplares da caratinga Eugerres brasilianus em fase juvenil (L* = 8,9 — 9,1cm), visando determinar os padrões preferenciais de salinidade da espécie neste estádio de desenvolvimento. Utilizou-se como meio de determinação, a taxa de consumo de alimento ao longo dos 6 meses de experimento e as diferenças de comprimento e peso médios totais dos exemplares de cada aquário, entre as fases inicial e final do trabalho. Dentre as salinidades testadas, apenas 40%c é letal e as salinidades preferenciais são, em ordem crescente de aceitação, 0, 30, 26, 20 e 10%o.

A note on the performance of Soay ewes, when mated to Soay and Dorset Down rams, and the growth rate and carcass production of their lambs

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
R. V. Large
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Good Nutrition ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACTSoay ewes were mated to a Soay or a Dorset Down ram. Live-weight changes of the ewes, birth weights, growth rates and carcass production of the lambs were recorded, and the food consumption of the ewes and lambs was measured. The use of the Dorset Down ram resulted in significantly heavier birth weights, higher growth rates and heavier carcasses. Under conditions of good nutrition the Soay ewes proved to be capable of carrying very high foetal burdens and it was estimated, from lamb live-weight gains, that they produced a large quantity of milk, relative to their size, particularly when crossed with the Dorset Down ram.

scholarly journals The efficiency of food utilization, digestibility of foodstuffs and energy expenditure of mice selected for large or small body size

1962 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth E. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Control Line ◽  
Small Body Size ◽  
Gross Efficiency ◽  
Body Activity

The efficiency of food utilization, the digestibility of foodstuffs, energy metabolism, and body activity have been studied in three lines of mice, one selected for large, another for small body size, and a third, control, line.The gross efficiency of food utilization was highest in the large line, intermediate in the control line and lowest in the small line between 21 and approximately 35 days of age. During this period, gross efficiency declined in the large and control lines with increasing size and decreasing growth-rate, presumably due to an increase in maintenance costs in comparison with the weight gained. In the small line, the efficiency of food utilization increased up to 35 days of age but declined thereafter. The energetic efficiency (measured in Calories) was higher in the large than in the small line up to 4 weeks of age, i.e. when the growth-rate was high, and after 6 weeks of age, when fat was being deposited at an increased rate.The increased efficiency of large mice was not entirely associated with a greater proportion of the ingested food being absorbed from the gut. Large mice absorbed a greater proportion of protein, though the difference was not sufficient to account for the large weight difference between the large and small lines.The energy expenditure of mice of the large line was greater than that of the small line at all ages and similar for the same body weights. The reduced growth-rate of small mice was not due to abnormally high or low energy costs. There was no evidence that body activity determined or restricted the rate of growth in either line.Mice selected for small size were phenotypically unlike pituitary dwarf mice, although the low nitrogen retention during the growing-period indicated a deficiency of some growth stimulus.

Further studies on unrestricted whey for fattening pigs including the effect of omitting antibiotic from the diet during the later stages of fattening

1959 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Braude ◽  
K. G. Mitchell ◽  
A. S. Cray ◽  
A. Franke ◽  
P. H. Sedgwick
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Meal Feeding ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fattening Period ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
Experimental Pigs ◽  
Effect On Growth

1. Results are reported of an experiment with fattening pigs carried out under commercial conditions, to obtain further information on the comparison of all-meal feeding with meal plus unrestricted amounts of whey. In addition, the effect of omitting the antibiotic, oxytetracycline, from the diet during the latter half of the fattening period was investigated.2. There were four treatments. (i) Meal only ad lib. up to a daily maximum of 6 lb./pig, with oxytetracycline included in the diet for the whole fattening period. (ii) As (i) but oxytetracycline included in the diet only up to an average pen live weight of 130 lb. (iii) 3 lb. meal reduced to 2 lb./pig/day by 13 weeks of age plus unrestricted amounts of whey with oxytetracycline included in the basal meal for the whole fattening period. (iv) As (iii) but oxytetracycline included in the diet only up to an average pen live weight of 130 lb.There were five pens of nine group-fed pigs on each treatment, involving a total of 180 pigs. The pigs were on experiment from approximately 8 weeks of age to bacon weight. Comprehensive carcass measurements were made on all pigs.3. The meal plus whey-fed pigs grew significantly slower and utilized their food significantly less efficiently than those fed meal only. They also had a significantly lower dressing percentage, but longer and less fat carcasses than the all-meal fed animals. The results are discussed in relation to those obtained in earlier experiments completed under similar conditions at the Cow and Gate farm.4. Comparison of the efficiency of food utilization results of the all-meal and meal plus whey-fed pigs showed that 1 gal. of whey replaced approximately 0·7 lb. of meal.5. The results showed that omission of antibiotic from the diet of either the all-meal or meal plus whey-fed pigs after they reached 130 lb. live weight, had no significant effect on growth rate, efficiency of food utilization or any carcass measurements of the pigs.We wish to thank the Director of Messrs C. and G. Prideaux, Ltd., Bacon Curers, Motcombe, Shaftesbury, Dorset, for permission to take carcass measurements of the experimental pigs, and we are greatly indebted to Messrs K. Lawrence and P. Prideaux who most conscientiously took these measurements.

A comparison of whole milk with buttermilk in the rearing of calves for veal. 1. Rearing and growth

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Buttermilk Powder

1. Twenty spring-born Friesian calves, housed indoors, were divided into two groups each of 10 calves. During their first three weeks all calves were fed alike on whole milk containing 3·5% butterfat. At three weeks of age calves in one group were changed to a diet consisting of reconstituted buttermilk powder which was made up to the same energy content as the milk. Up to the 30th day intake was gradually increased to 20% of body weight; thereafter till slaughter of the calves at approximately 200 1b. live-weight both groups were fed to appetite twice daily.2. Calves in both groups grew well and differences between groups in growth rate, and age at slaughter, food consumption and food conversion, were all statistically non-significant.

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