Long-term effects of arsenic accumulation in rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri

Long-term sublethal acid exposure (3 mo, pH 4.8) in adult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) acclimated to artificial soft water (Ca2+ = 50, Na+ = 50, Cl− = 100 μeq∙L−1) caused transient net fosses of Na+ and Cl−. Net flux rates of both ions were returned to control levels after 30–52 d of acid exposure through a new equilibrium between unidirectional influx and efflux, where both were lower than control rates. K+ balance remained negative and Ca2+ balance at zero throughout the exposure. No changes in net acidic equivalent flux occurred, indicating the absence of acid–base disturbance, but ammonia excretion increased over time. Muscle K+, Na+, and Cl− fell and Ca2+ increased. Plasma Na+, Cl−, and osmolality decreased, while plasma protein, glucose, and blood hemoglobin increased during the first few weeks of acid exposure. Plasma K+ and Ca2+ did not change. General stabilization of plasma parameters occurred in concert with the stabilization of Na+ and Cl− flux rates, but no recovery to control levels was observed for any of them. We conclude that despite this stabilization at a new steady state, rainbow trout were physiologically affected in a deleterious manner by chronic sublethal acid exposure in soft water.

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Uptake of Mercury by Caged Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the South Saskatchewan River

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f73-112 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 30 (5) ◽

pp. 643-650 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. F. Uthe ◽

F. M. Atton ◽

L. M. Royer

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

River System ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

The South ◽

Summer Period ◽

Mercury Uptake ◽

South Saskatchewan River ◽

Warm Summer

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were held in cages in the South Saskatchewan River to assess mercury uptake following curtailment of mercury discharges to the river. There was a rapid uptake of mercury by the fish during the first warm summer period (1970) with much less uptake during the rest of the year. A second summer experiment (1971) produced no significantly different results suggesting that a long-term contamination exists within this river system. Analyses showed that the bulk of mercury present in the fish carcasses was present as methylmercury.

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A modified electronic shuttlebox for joint thermoregulatory and toxicological studies

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z84-285 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (10) ◽

pp. 1950-1953 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael A. Gregory ◽

Perry D. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Temperature Gradient ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽

Chemical Agent ◽

Toxicological Studies ◽

Water Replacement ◽

Long Term Studies

This paper presents a modified electronic shuttlebox for studies of behavioral thermoregulation in fish. The apparatus incorporates continual water replacement, the water temperature being controlled by the fish. Such a design facilitates long-term studies, with or without a chemical agent. Additionally, the absence of a temperature gradient permits strict response-conditioning experimentation. Fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) maintained a mean temperature of 18.1 ± 0.6 °C, thermoregulating with a degree of regularity and precision similar to the findings of other workers using different devices. Fish have been able to successfully thermoregulate in this apparatus for periods of up to 6 weeks.

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Short- and long-term nutritional modulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity in selected tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1079/bjn2003844 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 89 (6) ◽

pp. 803-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Xavier Rollin ◽

Françoise Médale ◽

Stéphanie Gutieres ◽

Denise Blanc ◽

Sadasivam J. Kaushik

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽

White Muscle ◽

Dietary Lipids ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Acetyl Coa

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACoAC) catalyses the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA into malonyl-CoA. This product plays a pivotal role in the regulation of energy metabolism since it is both a substrate for fatty acid synthesis and an inhibitor of the oxidative pathway. The present study was initiated to analyse the modulation of ACoAC activity in liver and selected extrahepatic tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by dietary changes as a contribution to the understanding of the nutritional control of lipid metabolism in fish. Short-term effects of food intake were studied by measuring ACoAC activity in the liver and dorsal white muscle at different time intervals after a meal. Only slight variations were observed in the muscle during the period 2–72 h after the meal. The long-term effects of an increase in dietary lipids or carbohydrates levels were examined by measuring ACoAC activity in the liver, adipose tissue, intestine, kidney, red muscle, dorsal and ventral white muscles of trout after 3 months of feeding with different diets. ACoAC activity is stimulated by a high-digestible starch diet in the abdominal adipose tissue and the white muscle. A high-lipid diet decreases ACoAC activity in the liver and the intestine, but not in other tissues. Contrary to mammals, a rapid adaptation of ACoAC activity to food supply is not effective in rainbow trout. However, a long-term nutritional control of ACoAC activity does occur in this species, but the target tissue differs with the predominant non-protein energy sources in the diet. The present results suggest the potential existence of two ACoAC isoforms with different tissue distribution as has been observed in mammals and birds.

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Immune response in rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri after long-term treatment with low levels of Cr, Cd and Cu

Environmental Pollution Series A Ecological and Biological ◽

10.1016/0143-1471(84)90205-8 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 247-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

G. Viale ◽

D. Calamari

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Rainbow Trout ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Low Levels

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Influence of Environmental Experience on Response of Yearling Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) to a Black and White Substrate

Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada ◽

10.1139/f73-277 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 30 (11) ◽

pp. 1740-1742 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

John A. Ritter ◽

Hugh R. MacCrimmon

Keyword(s):

Rainbow Trout ◽

Prior Experience ◽

Term Effect ◽

Salmo Gairdneri ◽

Experimental Tank ◽

Environmental Conditioning ◽

Black And White ◽

Long Term Effect ◽

Juvenile Trout

Yearling rainbow trout (Salmo garidneri) selected black substrate regardless of size or rearing experience when first introduced into an experimental tank offering a choice of black or white. Differences in the degree of black selection among the various lots of the same strain during the initial 120 min of exposure, under an illumination of 10−2 lx, were correlated only with the level of swimming activity. By 24 hr, only pond-rearsd fish continued to select black while laboratory-reared fish were randomly distributed over black and white. The continuing wariness of only the pond-reared fish reveals the long-term effect of prior experience on juvenile trout behavior. This finding indicates the possible feasibility of environmental conditioning for wariness in the artificial propagation of hatchery-reared fish for live release.

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