Uptake of Mercury by Caged Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the South Saskatchewan River

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Uthe ◽  
F. M. Atton ◽  
L. M. Royer
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
River System ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
The South ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Mercury Uptake ◽  
South Saskatchewan River ◽  
Warm Summer

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were held in cages in the South Saskatchewan River to assess mercury uptake following curtailment of mercury discharges to the river. There was a rapid uptake of mercury by the fish during the first warm summer period (1970) with much less uptake during the rest of the year. A second summer experiment (1971) produced no significantly different results suggesting that a long-term contamination exists within this river system. Analyses showed that the bulk of mercury present in the fish carcasses was present as methylmercury.

Induction of metallothionein synthesis in rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri, during long-term exposure to waterborne cadmium

1989 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per-Erik Olsson ◽  
Åke Larsson ◽  
Amund Maage ◽  
Carl Haux ◽  
Keith Bonham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Waterborne Cadmium

Long-Term Sublethal Acid Exposure in Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in Soft Water: Effects on Ion Exchanges and Blood Chemistry

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Audet ◽  
R. Stephen Munger ◽  
Chris M. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
Acid Exposure ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Water Effects ◽  
Net Flux

Long-term sublethal acid exposure (3 mo, pH 4.8) in adult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) acclimated to artificial soft water (Ca2+ = 50, Na+ = 50, Cl− = 100 μeq∙L−1) caused transient net fosses of Na+ and Cl−. Net flux rates of both ions were returned to control levels after 30–52 d of acid exposure through a new equilibrium between unidirectional influx and efflux, where both were lower than control rates. K+ balance remained negative and Ca2+ balance at zero throughout the exposure. No changes in net acidic equivalent flux occurred, indicating the absence of acid–base disturbance, but ammonia excretion increased over time. Muscle K+, Na+, and Cl− fell and Ca2+ increased. Plasma Na+, Cl−, and osmolality decreased, while plasma protein, glucose, and blood hemoglobin increased during the first few weeks of acid exposure. Plasma K+ and Ca2+ did not change. General stabilization of plasma parameters occurred in concert with the stabilization of Na+ and Cl− flux rates, but no recovery to control levels was observed for any of them. We conclude that despite this stabilization at a new steady state, rainbow trout were physiologically affected in a deleterious manner by chronic sublethal acid exposure in soft water.

A modified electronic shuttlebox for joint thermoregulatory and toxicological studies

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 1950-1953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gregory ◽  
Perry D. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Chemical Agent ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Long Term Studies

This paper presents a modified electronic shuttlebox for studies of behavioral thermoregulation in fish. The apparatus incorporates continual water replacement, the water temperature being controlled by the fish. Such a design facilitates long-term studies, with or without a chemical agent. Additionally, the absence of a temperature gradient permits strict response-conditioning experimentation. Fingerling rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) maintained a mean temperature of 18.1 ± 0.6 °C, thermoregulating with a degree of regularity and precision similar to the findings of other workers using different devices. Fish have been able to successfully thermoregulate in this apparatus for periods of up to 6 weeks.

Mercury Uptake and Ion Distribution in Gills of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): Tissue Scans with an Electron Microprobe

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1575-1578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth R. Olson ◽  
Paul O. Fromm
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Methyl Mercury ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Ion Distribution ◽  
Mercury Uptake

Mercury was found in gills of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) which had been exposed to inorganic mercury but not in those exposed to methyl mercury. No specific site for mercury uptake was identified and it is suggested that inorganic mercury enters the gill across the general lamellar surface. High concentrations were found associated with the gill cartilage. Since little ion diffusion occurs during tissue preparation, localization and/or identification of tissues can be accomplished by scans for various elements: sodium (Na), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), and sulfur (S). The technique is not suitable for identification of highly volatile compounds such as methyl mercury due to the necessity of subjecting tissues to high vacuum conditions, however, we believe electron probe analyses should be useful in studies of active ion transport systems in gill tissue and in investigations of the effects of heavy metal pollutants on fishes.

Influence of Environmental Experience on Response of Yearling Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) to a Black and White Substrate

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1740-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Ritter ◽  
Hugh R. MacCrimmon
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Prior Experience ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Experimental Tank ◽  
Environmental Conditioning ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Juvenile Trout

Yearling rainbow trout (Salmo garidneri) selected black substrate regardless of size or rearing experience when first introduced into an experimental tank offering a choice of black or white. Differences in the degree of black selection among the various lots of the same strain during the initial 120 min of exposure, under an illumination of 10−2 lx, were correlated only with the level of swimming activity. By 24 hr, only pond-rearsd fish continued to select black while laboratory-reared fish were randomly distributed over black and white. The continuing wariness of only the pond-reared fish reveals the long-term effect of prior experience on juvenile trout behavior. This finding indicates the possible feasibility of environmental conditioning for wariness in the artificial propagation of hatchery-reared fish for live release.

Long-term effect of a high-protein/non-carbohydrate diet on the primary liver and kidney metabolism in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)

Aquaculture ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Lupiánez ◽  
M.J. Sánchez-Lozano ◽  
L. García-Rejón ◽  
M. De la Higuera
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Liver And Kidney
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