The physico-chemical properties of the seed and seed oil ofJatropha gossipifolia

The physico-chemical properties of the extracted oil were studied by the conventional methods. It was observed that Siyal Kanta grown under the soil and climatic condition of Bangladesh contains about 35% of pale yellow coloured oil. The total lipids were fractionated into three major lipid groups, neutral lipids, glycolipid and phospholipids by silicic acid column chromatography. Among the lipids, the neutral lipids were varied from 92.1-92.3%, glycolipid 5.5-5.8% and phospholipid 1.5-1.7% of the total oil of the lipid applied. The oil was also fractionated into mono-, di- and triglyceride by silicic acid column chromatography. The triglycerides were varied from 90.1-90.3%, diglycerides from 2.3-2.8% and monoglycerides from 1.5-1.8%. The saturated and unsaturated fatty acids present in the oil were separated and found to be 14.2-14.5% and 84.2-84.8% respectively depending on the areas in which the plant grows. The fatty acid compositions of the oil were analyzed by Gas Liquid Chromatography (GLC). The major fatty acids found in the oil were oleic acid (23%), linoleic acid (58%), palmetic acid (7%) and ricinoleic acid (10%). Key words: Siyal kanta seed oil; Glyceride; Lipid; Fatty acid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i4.9607 BJSIR 2011; 46(4): 561-564

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Loss of seed viability in onion (Allium cepa L.) in relation to degradation of lipids during storage

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v12i4.2431 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 635-640

Author(s):

Vishwanath Rohidas Yalamalle ◽

Nilesh Nivrutt Gaikwad ◽

Dinesh Manohar Ithape ◽

Ashok Kumar ◽

Kalyani Gorrepati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Oil Content ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Seed Viability ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Ambient Storage ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

One Year

Onion seeds have one of the lowest longevity among the cultivated crops as it loses viability within a year. The unmarketable seeds have no reported food value or feed value. Onion seeds contain considerable oil content which has potential industrial utility. The present study reports the changes in the quality of seed oil extracted from seeds stored for one year (2019-2020), after which the seeds were unmarketable due to low germination. The physico-chemical properties of seed oil were studied in four onion (Allium cepa L.) varieties (Bhima Safed, Bhima Super, Bhima Dark Red and Bhima Shakti) by standard analytical test. The per cent oil content varied from 12.94% - 16.02% and storage resulted in 0.64% loss in seed oil content. The mean seed germination in freshly harvested seeds was 80.50%, which declined to 52.33% after one year of ambient storage. The electrical conductivity, which measures the membrane integrity increased by 108.60% in one-year-old seeds. The physico-chemical properties of the seed oil deteriorated with the age of the seed. In comparison to the control, the acid values and peroxide values of the seed oil increased by 51.11% and 12.90% respectively, while saponification value decreased by 36.18%. Among the varieties, Bhima Dark Red had the highest degradation in the seed storability and vigour, which also had the highest deterioration in the lipid quality. The present study reports for the first time the degradation of seed lipids during ageing in onion which might be contributing to the poor storability of onion seeds.

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ONE-POT-TWO-STEP SYNTHESIS OF BIOLUBRICANT BASE STOCK FROM RUBBER SEED OIL

Journal of Chemical Society of Nigeria ◽

10.46602/jcsn.v45i5.533 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

Author(s):

G.O . Madojemu ◽

E.A. Elimian ◽

M.C. Ejimadu ◽

C.O. Okieimen ◽

F.E. Okieimen

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Acetic Acid ◽

Response Surface ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Base Stock ◽

One Pot ◽

Rubber Seed Oil ◽

Rubber Seed ◽

Physico Chemical

Biolubricant base stock was synthesized in this work from rubber seed oil in a one-pot-two-step process of epoxidation and hydroxylation. Rubber seed oil was extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus. The in situ epoxidation of the rubber seed oil with peracid (hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid) was analysed and optimized considering three process variables with their range of values given as temperature of 35-50 , time of 60-180 mins and mole ratio of hydrogen peroxide to acetic acid of 1:0.25-1:1 by applying the central composite design of response surface methodology. The ring opening reaction (hydroxylation) of the epoxide to polyhydroxylated oil (lubricant basestock) with ethanol was carried out using the optimum conditions obtained from the epoxidation process. The rubber seed oil, epoxide and lubricant basestock were characterized in terms of physico-chemical properties using standard methods and in terms of functional groups using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Maximum epoxide content of 4.85% and maximum conversion of 71% of rubber seed oil to epoxide was achieved at a temperature of 50􀀀 , reaction time of 180 mins and 1: 0.39 mol/mol of hydrogen peroxide to acetic acid. The predicted values of the epoxidation process reasonably agreed with the experimental ones and model R-squared value of about 95% showed that response surface method can reasonably predict the epoxidation process using a quadratic polynomial model. There was 75% conversion of the epoxide to polyhydroxylated oil (biolubricant basestock), which represents a very high yield. The formation of epoxides and polyhydroxylated oil lead to modification (improvement) in the properties of rubber seed oil as confirmed by the physico-chemical properties and FTIR spectra analysis of the oil, epoxide and lubricant basestock. The study showed that chemical derivatives of rubber seed oils are an attractive, renewable, and ecofriendly alternative to mineral oils for lubricant formulations.

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Extraction, Charaterization and Preparation of Soap from Legenaria siceraria Seed Oil

International Research Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.9734/irjpac/2020/v21i1430242 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Williams Nashuka Kaigama ◽

Abu Emmanuel Benjamin ◽

Ibrahim Usman ◽

Thankgod Daniel

Keyword(s):

Vegetable Oil ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Foam Height ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Acid Value ◽

Raw Material ◽

Lagenaria Siceraria ◽

Saponification Value ◽

Physico Chemical

Due to the high demand for vegetable oil by soap industries, the quest for alternative raw material is on the increase. In this study, vegetable oil was extracted from the underutilise seeds of Lagenaria siceraria using n-hexane; The Physico-chemical properties of the oil were analysed: iodine value 65 Ig/100 g, acid value 2.50 mg/KOH/g, saponification value 256 mgKOH/g, pH 6.20, specific gravity 0.902, the refractive index of 1.47 and oil yield 52%. The properties of the oil were compared with oil extracted from other sources. The properties of the oil suggest it can use for both commercial and industrial purposes. The extracted oil was then used to prepared soap and its properties were compared with the properties of soaps prepared from other oils. The physicochemical parameters of the prepared soaps which include foam height, hardness, pH and cleansing power were evaluated. The soap made from Lagenaria siceraria seeds oil has foam height of 2.0 cm lower than palm kernel oil (2.1 cm) and higher than soya beans (0.55 cm). Soap made from Lagenaria siceraria seed oil has an appreciable degree of hardness and good cleansing power compared to soaps prepared from other oils. The pH of all the soaps prepared is within the standard of the regulating agency in Nigeria. From the result obtained, it shows the underutilised Lagenaria siceraria seed oil can use as an alternative raw material in the commercial production of soap.

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Extraction and Characterization of Underutilized Seed Oils Sampled in South-western Nigeria

International Annals of Science ◽

10.21467/ias.7.1.48-52 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 48-52

Author(s):

Olufunso Omowunmi Adeniyi

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Sesame Seed ◽

Acid Value ◽

Seed Oils ◽

Brown Colour ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Soxhlet Apparatus ◽

Nutritional Benefits

Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) and Sesamum indicum (sesame) are edible plants that provide a lot of nutritional benefits to man; despite their wide consumption and benefits, their seed oils remain underutilized. Seed oils from these plants found in south-western Nigeria were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties. Oil was extracted from the seeds using Soxhlet apparatus and n-hexane as the solvent; physico-chemical properties were determined using standard analytical procedures. Watermelon seed oil had a golden brown colour while sesame seed oil had a carton brown colour; they had saponification values of 258.99 mgKOH/g and 261.34 mgKOH/g respectively. Acid value ranged from 2.13 – 2.51 mgKOH/g; iodine value of 39.7 - 42.3 gI2/100g and peroxide value of 1.39 – 2.43 meqKOH/g was determined in the seed oils. Oils from these seeds have numerous domestic and industrial potentials such as cooking, frying, production of soaps, and cosmetics to mention a few.

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Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Derived from a Novel Source Koelreuteria paniculata Seed Oil

Energies ◽

10.3390/en13040791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 791 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Inam Ullah Khan ◽

Zhenhua Yan ◽

Jun Chen

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Methyl Esters ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Raw Material ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Edible Plant ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Koelreuteria Paniculata ◽

The Cost

Biodiesel is a clean and renewable fuel, which is considered as the best alternative to diesel fuel, but the feedstock contributes more than 70% of the cost. The most important constituent essential for biodiesel development is to explore cheap feedstock with high oil content. In this work, we found novel non-edible plant seeds of Koelreuteria paniculata (KP) with high oil contents of 28–30 wt.% and low free fatty acid contents (0.91%), which can serve as a promising feedstock for biodiesel production. KP seed oil can convert into biodiesel/fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) by base-catalyzed transesterification with the highest biodiesel production of 95.2% after an optimization process. We obtained the optimal transesterification conditions, i.e., oil/methanol ratio (6:1), catalyst concentration (0.32), reaction temperature (65 °C), stirring rate (700 rpm), and reaction time (80 min). The physico-chemical properties and composition of the FAME were investigated and compared with mineral diesel. The synthesized esters were confirmed and characterized by the application of NMR (1H and 13C), FTIR, and GC-MS. The biofuel produced from KP seed oil satisfies the conditions verbalized by ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards. Accordingly, KP source oil can be presented as a novel raw material for biofuel fabrication.

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