Effects of biodegradable plastic components on metabolism of an estuarine benthos

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Doering ◽  
Barbara K. Sullivan ◽  
Heeseon Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Plastic Components

scholarly journals The Succession of Bacterial Community Attached on Biodegradable Plastic Mulches During the Degradation in Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhicheng Ju ◽  
Xiongfeng Du ◽  
Kai Feng ◽  
Shuzhen Li ◽  
Songsong Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Plastic Components ◽  
Degradation In Soil

Despite the increasing application of biodegradable plastic mulches (BDMs) in agriculture, the colonization and succession of the attached microbial community on BDMs during their degradation processes remain poorly characterized. Here, we buried four types of commonly used BDMs, including pure polylactic acid (PLA), pure polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and two mixtures of PLA and PBAT (85:15 and 15:85 w/w), and one classic polyethylene (PE) mulch in soil for 5 months. Both plastic components and incubation time significantly shaped the β-diversities of microbiota on the plastic mulches (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the microbial compositions and community structures on BDMs were significantly different from PE mulch, and when excluding PE mulch, the microbiota varied more with time than by the composition of the four BDMs. The orders Burkholderiales and Pseudonocardiales were dominant on most BDMs across different time points. The genus Ramlibacter was revealed as a common biomarker for both PLA and PBAT by random-forest model, and all biomarkers for the BDMs belonged to the dominant order Burkholderiales. In addition, degradation-related and pathogen-related functional taxa were enriched in all mulches among all 40 functional groups, while surprisingly, potential pathogens were detected at higher levels on BDMs than PE. For community assembly on all mulches, the drift and dispersal processes played more important roles than selection, and in particular, the contribution of stochastic drift increased during the degradation process of BDMs while selection decreased, while the opposite trend was observed with PE mulch. Overall, our results demonstrated some degradation species and pathogens were specifically enriched on BDMs, though stochastic processes also had important impacts on the community assembly. It suggested that, similar to conventional plastic mulch, the increased usage of BDMs could lead to potential hazards to crops and human health.

Production of fuels on the basis of sewage sludge through conditioning using high calorific value fractions

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Georg Schmelz ◽  
Anja Reipa ◽  
Hartmut Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fluidised Bed ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Used Cars ◽  
Plastic Components

Emschergenossenschaft and Lippeverband operate 59 wastewater treatment plants which produce approx. 100,000 Mg TS of sewage sludge each year. Using sludge pressure pipelines, about 60 % of this sludge are transported to the central sludge treatment plant in Bottrop. The digested sludges are conditioned using fine coal and polymers and are dewatered using membrane filters. By adding coal, the heating value of the sludge is raised which enables autothermal combustion of the dewatered sludges in fluidised bed furnaces at the central sludge treatment plant. In order to replace coal, a fossil fuel, as conditioning agent, experiments were conducted using alternative materials with high heating values. The addition of shredder fluff agglomerates proved to be particularly successful. Shredder fluff agglomerates are a residue from the recycling of used cars and are generated in a multistage process (e.g. Volkswagen-SiCon Process) by separating the light shredder fraction (plastic components etc.) from the total shredder fluff. The fibrous material is outstandingly suitable for improving the dewaterability and for sufficiently raising the heating value of the dewatered sludge in order to enable autothermal combustion. Since first experiments showed very positive results, a full-scale long-term test-run will take place in 2007.

Biodegradable Plastic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Goodsell
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Plastic

scholarly journals Advanced and Versatile Lignin-Derived Biodegradable Composite Film Materials Toward a Sustainable World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanmin Wang ◽  
Tong-Qi Yuan ◽  
Guoyong Song ◽  
Runcang Sun
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Plastic Products

The excessive use of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in severe environmental pollution and ecological problems, which has stimulated the development of biodegradable and renewable alternative materials. Lignin, as...

scholarly journals Characterization of Spent Ni-MH Batteries

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 569-574
Author(s):  
Marta Cabral ◽  
Fernanda Margarido ◽  
Carlos A. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Plastic Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Spent Ni-MH batteries are not considered too dangerous for the environment, but they have a considerable economical value due to the chemical composition of electrodes which are highly concentrated in metals. The present work aimed at the physical and chemical characterisation of spent cylindrical and thin prismatic Ni-MH batteries, contributing for a better definition of the recycling process of these spent products. The electrode materials correspond to more than 50% of the batteries weight and contain essentially nickel and rare earths (RE), and other secondary elements (Co, Mn, Al). The remaining components are the steel parts from the external case and supporting grids (near 30%) containing Fe and Ni, and the plastic components (<10%). Elemental quantitative analysis showed that the electrodes are highly concentrated in metals. Phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction combined with chemical analysis and leaching experiments allowed advancing the electrode materials composition. The cathode is essentially constituted by 6% metallic Ni, 66% Ni(OH)2, 4.3% Co(OH)2 and the anode consists mainly in 62% RENi5 and 17% of substitutes and/or additives such as Co, Mn and Al.

General News

2003 ◽  
Vol 07 (18) ◽  
pp. 1137-1146
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Biodegradable Plastic ◽  
Mad Cow Disease

China’s First Liver-Kidney Transplant Successful. China Approves Clinical Trials of IFN α-2b for SARS Prevention. Indian Firms Investing in Speciality Diagnostic Services. Japan to Transform Rice into Biodegradable Plastic. New Zealand Denies Possible Case of Mad Cow Disease. World Largest Health Survey. Local Fish Company Employs Biotech Solutions to Monopolize Market.

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