Research on the recycling industry development model for typical exterior plastic components of end-of-life passenger vehicle based on the SWOT method

A rapid increase in the number of end-of-life (EoL) passenger vehicles has led to a large amount of waste plastics in China. However, the scale and efficiency of recycling resources from EoL vehicles still restricts the sustainable and healthy development of the automotive industry. The current behavior of automotive/recycling industry entities, as well as the strategy of waste management policymakers, may depend on the potential of total recyclable resources. To reveal such recycling potential of various plastic materials in EoL passenger vehicles, we predicted total EoL passenger vehicles in China from 2021 to 2030 (used the Weibull distribution) considering passenger vehicle ownership (estimated by the Gompertz model), quantified the demand for new passenger vehicles (estimated using its non-linear relationship with income level and passenger vehicle ownership), and assessed the recyclable plastics by categories and by provinces. The results show that (i) the annual average recycled plastic resources from EoL vehicles would exceed 2400 thousand t in 2030, more than 2.5 times in 2021, showing a great recycling potential; (ii) the differences among the three scenarios are relatively small, indicating that no matter the saturation level of passenger vehicles in China would be high or low, a rapid increase of recyclable plastic resources can be expected from 2021 to 2030; (iii) at the provincial level, a considerable gap between the potential of recycling plastic from EoL passenger vehicles and the regional processing capacity. Given such great potential and regional differences, the recycling policies should be applied in stages and consider the development level and recovery pressure in each region.

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Inventory Analysis on the Effect of End-of-Life Passenger Vehicle Plastic Bumper Recycling in China

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology ◽

10.1177/147776061302900102 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 21-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhang Hongshen ◽

Chen Ming

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Passenger Vehicle ◽

Inventory Analysis

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Recycling Business of Municipal Solid Wastes in China

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.504 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 878 ◽

pp. 504-510 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ling Juan Niu ◽

Na Na Zhao

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Solid Wastes ◽

Municipal Solid Wastes ◽

Industry Development ◽

Recycling Industry ◽

Current Collection ◽

Value Stream

Municipal solid waste is a big problem in China. Separating and collecting recyclables from municipal solid wastes is a key approach for resolving waste problems and promoting circular economy. The current collection and recycling of recyclables from municipal solid waste is reviewed for better perspective. The material and value stream are summarized for understanding the potential direction of waste and recyclables. The stakeholder for recyclables collection and recycling is identified and their roles are analyzed. Situation of recycling enterprises is introduced. Finally, some comments for promoting recycling industry development are made for reference.

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Assessing the progression of metal concentrations in plastic components and printed wiring boards of end-of-life mobile cell phones

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry ◽

10.2478/auoc-2019-0009 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 48-54

Author(s):

Gilbert Umaye Adie ◽

Aminat Adetayo-Balogun ◽

Chidiebere Mmaduka Agudosi

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Mobile Phones ◽

Cell Phones ◽

Hazardous Materials ◽

Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Printed Wiring Boards ◽

Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽

Plastic Components ◽

Original Equipment Manufacturers ◽

Leaching Procedure

Abstract This study assessed the progression of Pb, Cd and Cr concentrations in plastic components (PCs) and printed wiring boards (PWBs) of 59 end-of-life (EoL) mobile phones (MPs) produced between 2000 and 2015 by two leading original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) patronized by Nigerians. This was done to study the behavior of OEMs in complying with some widely acceptable regulations. Metals in PCs and PWBs of MPs were extracted following EPA 3050B method and extracts were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. Furthermore, Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test was conducted on selected samples to assess metal leachability in landfill conditions. Summary of results (mg/kg) for PCs and PWBs for MPs produced by OEM 1 and OEM 2 in brackets ranged thus: PCs, Pb: 5.00 –195 (LOD-1750), Cr: LOD-6050 (LOD-2170) and Cd: LOD-1.00 (LOD-5.75) while PWBs, Pb:129-9750 (5.00-12125), Cr: LOD-5488 (LOD-4000) and Cd: LOD-1.00 (0.25-1.00). There were no regular trends for all metals for both OEMs. Results suggest that a greater percentage of MPs produced till 2015 contained Pb and Cr higher than RoHS and TTLC limits. Furthermore, 50% of TCLP extracts contain Pb higher than EPA limit of 5 mg/L. Therefore, EoL MPs arising in Nigeria should be handled as hazardous materials.

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A Gap Analysis of Ship-Recycling Practices in Indonesia

Recycling ◽

10.3390/recycling6030048 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Sunaryo Sunaryo ◽

Eko Djatmiko ◽

Siti Fariya ◽

Rafet Kurt ◽

Sefer Gunbeyaz

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

End Of Life ◽

Gap Analysis ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Recycling Industry ◽

Benchmark Study ◽

Ship Breaking ◽

Ship Recycling ◽

Ship Repair ◽

Environmentally Friendly Method

Ship recycling is gaining attention in Indonesia due to the increase in end-of-life ships and uneconomical nationally flagged ships, and is considered a prospective source of economic development and employment opportunity, and yet conceivably poses a threat to the health and safety of workers and the environment. There are international and national regulations that govern ship-recycling activities to ensure that the hazardous impacts of the industry are minimized. We investigated the disparity between current ship-breaking practices in Indonesia and the requirements of related international and national regulations, with the findings intended for use as a stepping stone to proposing a strategy to establish a green and sustainable ship-recycling industry. A benchmark study of the world’s leading ship-recycling countries was conducted, and a gap analysis was performed by comparing existing international and national regulations with current ship-breaking practices in Indonesia. We identified two types of ship-breaking practices in Indonesia: Conventional environmentally unfriendly ship-breaking method, conducted by most Indonesian ship-breaking yards, and a rather modern, more environmentally friendly method, conducted by ship-repair yards. However, neither of the practices met the requirements of the regulations, and improvements are therefore needed to make the ship-recycling industry more green and sustainable, and to gain international recognition.

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Community Capacity in End of Life Care: Can a Community Development Model Address Suffering and Enhance Well-Being?

Handbook of Community Well-Being Research - International Handbooks of Quality-of-Life ◽

10.1007/978-94-024-0878-2_15 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 275-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kyle Y. Whitfield ◽

Martin LaBrie

Keyword(s):

Community Development ◽

End Of Life ◽

End Of Life Care ◽

Well Being ◽

Community Capacity ◽

Development Model ◽

Life Care

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The Potential and Trend of End-Of-Life Passenger Vehicles Recycling in China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12041455 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 1455 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yang Li ◽

Kiyoshi Fujikawa ◽

Junbo Wang ◽

Xin Li ◽

Yiyi Ju ◽

...

Keyword(s):

End Of Life ◽

Automobile Industry ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Economic Value ◽

Passenger Vehicle ◽

Passenger Vehicles ◽

Potential Population ◽

Light Weighting ◽

Recyclable Resources ◽

Manufacturing Mode

The contradiction between limited resources and rapid development in the automobile industry has been driving society to seek the supply of recyclable resources from End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs). It has become an urgent need for vehicle recycling policymakers to have an overall understanding of the end-of-life (EoL) vehicle population, as well as for vehicle producers to note what and how they can benefit from ELV recycling. This paper estimated the potential population of EoL passenger vehicles, all recyclable resources from them, as well as the economic values of these recyclable resources. The results show that in 2030, with a lighter-weight trend of passenger vehicles, more than 26.3 million passenger vehicles will be retired with 19.1 million tons of recyclable steel and 6.2 million tons of plastics. The theoretical economic value of all recyclable resources will reach 101.3 billion yuan ($14.4 billion) in 2030, which is an average of approximately 2.4 thousand yuan ($341.8) for each EoL passenger vehicle. It is time for the vehicle producers to shift to a manufacturing mode considering such large potential of ELV recycling. The scenario analysis suggests that in the context of a light-weighting trend, ELV resource recovery in the future calls for improvement in the recycling and reuse technologies of plastics and rubbers.

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