Formal reasoning in late adulthood: The role of semantic content and metacognitive strategy

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Pollack ◽  
Willis F. Overton ◽  
Anita Rosenfeld ◽  
Richard Rosenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Metacognitive Strategy ◽  
Formal Reasoning ◽  
Late Adulthood

scholarly journals Formal reasoning in late adulthood: The role of semantic content and metacognitive strategy

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
Richard D. Pollack
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Metacognitive Strategy ◽  
Formal Reasoning ◽  
Late Adulthood

Formal reasoning in Japanese older adults: The role of metacognitive strategy, task content, and social factors

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Takahashi ◽  
Willis F. Overton
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Metacognitive Strategy ◽  
Formal Reasoning ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Task Content

THE ROLE OF METAPHOR IN HISTORICAL KNOWLEDGE

Cultural code ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
MARIYA PETROVNA LAPTEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Cognitive Significance ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Positive Sense

The article continues the author's series of publications on the terminological apparatus of the historian. The problems of humanitarian science cannot have "final solutions". F.R.Ankersmith paid attention to the fact that the attitude to the role of metaphors knows not onli "ups" but also "downs". Exploring aspects of the conceptual arsenal associated with the explicit use of the metaphor. "Implicit use" refers to those semantic situations when a historian or another humanist enters into a kind of dialogue with other sciences, carrying out terminological borrowing. Since the semantic content of the term changes in this case, then, in essence, a metaphorical action takes place that does not require a special name. The article contains, the author's reflection on the circumstances and features of the use of metaphors. The author finds out how and why historiography becomes metaphorical. Referring to specialists who developed the cognitive basis of the theory of metaphor, the author analyzes different traditions of understanding what metaphor is. There is a search for a positive sense of metaphor usage with some ambiguity. Since the metaphor creates a new meaning of the word, its cognitive significance becomes unquestionable. By citing examples of various uses of metaphors in the texts of historians, the author shows how a metaphor helps clarify the uniqueness of historical situations.

Aesthetics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Science And Religion ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
Philosophy Of Literature ◽  
Aesthetic Values

Aesthetics, or the philosophy of literature and art, was one of Herder’s main focuses. By valorizing these areas of culture (in comparison with others such as science and religion) and in several other ways he prepared the ground for German Romanticism. He also established many principles of great intrinsic importance: rejecting apriorism and systematization in aesthetics in favor of an empirical, non-systematic approach; insisting that arts such as sculpture and painting express meanings and therefore require interpretation; recognizing the central role of genre not only in literature but also in such arts; perceiving the deep historical, cultural, and even individual variability of literature and art in respect of semantic content, genre, moral values, and aesthetic values, plus the major implications this variability has for both interpretation and evaluation; developing a set of radical views concerning beauty; and emphasizing the importance of literature and art as means of moral pedagogy.

scholarly journals Role of SES on the association between childhood parental death and adulthood suicidal ideation: a mediation analysis using longitudinal dataset in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehong Yoon ◽  
Ja Young Kim ◽  
Ji-Hwan Kim ◽  
Seung-Sup Kim
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Parental Death ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Direct Association

Abstract Background We sought to examine the association between childhood experience of parental death (CEPD) and adulthood suicidal ideation, and the mediating role of adulthood SES in the association. Methods We analyzed a nationally representative dataset of 8609 adults from the Korea Welfare Panel Study, which is a longitudinal cohort dataset in South Korea. CEPD was measured using a question: “During your childhood (0-17 years old), have you experienced the death of parents?” We classified responses of CEPD during 2006–2011 into ‘yes,’ and the others into ‘no.’ Suicidal ideation over the past year was assessed annually during 2012–2019. As a potential mediator, adulthood educational attainment and household income in 2011 were included in the analysis. Logistic regression was applied to examine the association of CEPD with adulthood suicidal ideation across age groups (early adulthood, 19–39 years old; middle adulthood, 40–59 years old; late adulthood, ≥60 years old), after excluding people who reported lifetime suicidal ideation in 2011. Causal mediation analysis using a parametric regression model was applied to examine the mediating role of adulthood SES in the association between CEPD and adulthood suicidal ideation. Results After adjusting for potential confounders including childhood SES, CEPD was significantly associated with adulthood suicidal ideation among the late adulthood group (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.13–1.81), while the association was not statistically significant among the early; and middle adulthood groups. In mediation analysis of adulthood household income, both indirect association (ORNIE: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.02–1.09) and direct association (ORNDE: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.09–1.73) were statistically significant among the late adulthood group. In the mediation analysis of adulthood education attainment among the late adulthood, only a direct association was statistically significant (ORNDE: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.14–1.80). Conclusions These results suggest that CEPD could be a risk factor for adulthood suicidal ideation. Furthermore, the findings imply that income security policy might be necessary to reduce suicide among the late adulthood group.

scholarly journals Cognitive failures in late adulthood: The role of age, social context and depressive symptoms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kenneth Hitchcott ◽  
Maria Chiara Fastame ◽  
Dalila Langiu ◽  
Maria Pietronilla Penna
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Cognitive Failures

Identifying Congruent Pragmatic Relations in Procedural Texts

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donia R. Scott ◽  
Judy Delin ◽  
Anthony F. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Content ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Comparable Corpora ◽  
Household Products ◽  
French And English ◽  
Instructional Texts ◽  
Different Levels

In this paper, we present a methodology for the contrastive analysis of comparable corpora of instructional texts in different languages. The methodology is insensitive to the fact that the texts under comparison differ widely in their semantic content, and it can be reliably applied by multiple analysts. We show the results of an empirical study of cross-linguistic variation between Portuguese, French, and English instructions which follows this methodology. Using consumer instructions for ordinary household products in the three languages, we examine expressions of the two semantic relations, generation and enablement (cf. Goldman, 1970), and their available surface syntactic expressions. We examine the role of discourse perspective, as realised by rhetorical relations such as those employed within the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), in further narrowing down the range of choices. We demonstrate that the three languages of study tolerate different levels of ambiguity, and prefer different forms of disambiguation and pragmatic signalling, attesting to the value of empirical methods for contrastive discourse study. The analysis was conducted with the aim of informing all levels of decision, from meaning to surface syntax, in the automatic generation of sets of instructional texts in those languages.

Emotional experience with dyslexia and self-esteem: the protective role of perceived family support in late adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena W. Carawan ◽  
Blace A. Nalavany ◽  
Carol Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Late Adulthood
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