Changes in some plant-water relation parameters of some oil producing plants over a range of salinity stresses

Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations accompanied by abiotic stresses challenge food production worldwide. Elevated CO2 (e[CO2]) affects plant water relations via multiple mechanisms involving abscisic acid (ABA). Here, two tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes, Ailsa Craig (AC) and its ABA-deficient mutant (flacca), were used to investigate the responses of plant hydraulic conductance to e[CO2] and drought stress. Results showed that e[CO2] decreased transpiration rate (E) increased plant water use efficiency only in AC, whereas it increased daily plant water consumption and osmotic adjustment in both genotypes. Compared to growth at ambient [CO2], AC leaf and root hydraulic conductance (Kleaf and Kroot) decreased at e[CO2], which coincided with the transcriptional regulations of genes of plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) and OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1), and these effects were attenuated in flacca during soil drying. Severe drought stress could override the effects of e[CO2] on plant water relation characteristics. In both genotypes, drought stress resulted in decreased E, Kleaf, and Kroot accompanied by transcriptional responses of PIPs and OST1. However, under conditions combining e[CO2] and drought, some PIPs were not responsive to drought in AC, indicating that e[CO2] might disturb ABA-mediated drought responses. These results provide some new insights into mechanisms of plant hydraulic response to drought stress in a future CO2-enriched environment.

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Influence Of Calcium On Water Relation Of Two Cultivars Of Wheat Under Salt Stress

International Journal of Environment ◽

10.3126/ije.v2i1.9202 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nahid Akhter ◽

F Hossainn ◽

A Karim

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Water Status ◽

Water Relation ◽

Plant Water Status ◽

Plant Water ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Nacl Salinity ◽

Exudation Rate

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effects of Ca2+ on water relation of two wheat cultivars (Akbar and Kanchan) under salt stress. The two wheat cultivars were grown in pots with 0 and 150 mM NaCl salinity. Calcium was applied in the form of gypsum in 0.12, 0.24 and 0.36g pot-1 (that is 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) respectively. Salinity decreased RWC, WRC, exudation rate and ψleaf, while increased WSD and WUC. Application of increased levels of Ca improved the plant water status in both cultivars. The results obtained in the present study suggest that elevated Ca2+ increases salt tolerance by improving the plant water status. International Journal of Environment, Volume-2, Issue-1, Sep-Nov 2013, Pages 1-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v2i1.9202

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Impact of Inorganic Arsenicals on Vegetative Growth of Two Pakistani Origins Sunflower Cultivars

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2015/275830 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Muhammad Asif Imran ◽

Feroza Hamid Wattoo ◽

Muhammad Nawaz Chaudhry ◽

Muhammad Hamid Sarwar Wattoo ◽

Khan Rass Masood

Keyword(s):

Vegetative Growth ◽

Root Length ◽

Sodium Arsenite ◽

Water Relation ◽

Plant Water ◽

Sodium Arsenate ◽

Sodium Salts ◽

Stress Effects ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Water Contents

Inorganic arsenicals impact on vegetative growth of two sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) cultivars (FH-385 as Hybrid 1 and FH-405 as Hybrid 2) was monitored. Various levels of two different sodium salts of arsenic, namely, sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4·7H2O) as source of As5+and sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) as source of As3+, were used to evaluate the effect of arsenic on plant water relation parameters. Significant stress effects were found when arsenic was higher in concentrations (>60 mg/kg soil of both salts) as compared to control plants. Genotype FH-405 showed higher levels for shoot and root length, water contents, number of leaves, and leaf area, which indicates well adaptation of this cultivar in arsenic contaminated environment. T5 (100 mg/kg) of both salts showed notable stressful impacts as compared to low arsenic concentrations (20, 40 mg/kg) and especially control plants in case of all morphophysiological parameters of sunflower cultivars.

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Exogenous Abscisic Acid Priming Modulates Water Relation Responses of Two Tomato Genotypes With Contrasting Endogenous Abscisic Acid Levels to Progressive Soil Drying Under Elevated CO2

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.733658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Shenglan Li ◽

Fulai Liu

Keyword(s):

Abscisic Acid ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Xylem Sap ◽

Water Relation ◽

Soil Drying ◽

Plant Water ◽

Exogenous Aba ◽

Aba Metabolism

Plants have evolved multiple strategies to survive and adapt when confronting the changing climate, including elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) and intensified drought stress. To explore the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in modulating the response of plant water relation characteristics to progressive drought under ambient (a[CO2], 400 ppm) and e[CO2] (800 ppm) growth environments, two tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes, Ailsa Craig (AC) and its ABA-deficient mutant (flacca), were grown in pots, treated with or without exogenous ABA, and exposed to progressive soil drying until all plant available water in the pot was depleted. The results showed that exogenous ABA application improved leaf water potential, osmotic potential, and leaf turgor and increased leaf ABA concentrations ([ABA]leaf) in AC and flacca. In both genotypes, exogenous ABA application decreased stomatal pore aperture and stomatal conductance (gs), though these effects were less pronounced in e[CO2]-grown AC and gs of ABA-treated flacca was gradually increased until a soil water threshold after which gs started to decline. In addition, ABA-treated flacca showed a partly restored stomatal drought response even when the accumulation of [ABA]leaf was vanished, implying [ABA]leaf might be not directly responsible for the decreased gs. During soil drying, [ABA]leaf remained higher in e[CO2]-grown plants compared with those under a[CO2], and a high xylem sap ABA concentration was also noticed in the ABA-treated flacca especially under e[CO2], suggesting that e[CO2] might exert an effect on ABA degradation and/or redistribution. Collectively, a fine-tune ABA homeostasis under combined e[CO2] and drought stress allowed plants to optimize leaf gas exchange and plant water relations, yet more detailed research regarding ABA metabolism is still needed to fully explore the role of ABA in mediating plant physiological response to future drier and CO2-enriched climate.

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GRACE/GRACE-FO observed terrestrial water storage influencing global grassland growth

10.5194/gstm2020-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Isabella Velicogna ◽

Geruo A Geruo ◽

Meng Zhao

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Storage ◽

Global Scale ◽

Water Relation ◽

Plant Production ◽

Plant Water ◽

Terrestrial Water Storage ◽

Carbon Cycles ◽

Modis Evi ◽

Terrestrial Water

Land water supply for plant growth directly links the water and carbon cycles. The abundance or shortage of water storage influences plant water consumption strategies and have important implications for ecosystem drought resistance and resilience, especially for the grassland ecosystem where water is the primary factor limiting plant production. However, plant-accessible water is rarely quantified due to the lack of regional to global scale observations of deeper water storage, and the influence of deeper water supply on plant-water relation remains unknown. In this study, we evaluate the capacity of GRACE/GRACE-FO total terrestrial water storage (TWS) estimates to capture plant-accessible water supply at depth. We use ESA CCI surface soil moisture (SM) estimates to represent shallow water storage and MODIS EVI as a proxy for grassland productivity. We calculate the inter-annual correspondence of EVI against both TWS and SM over 24 GRACE mascons covering the majority of the global grassland areas. Our results show that complementary to SM measurements, TWS provides unique information about deeper water storage limiting grassland growth. We find that the seasonal change of TWS constrains plant-accessible water storage and leads to different plant-water relations in the grassland regions across the globe.

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Detection of Plant Water Content with Needle-Type In-Situ Water Content Sensor

IEEJ Transactions on Sensors and Micromachines ◽

10.1541/ieejsmas.130.452 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 130 (9) ◽

pp. 452-453

Author(s):

Hitoshi Katayanagi ◽

Norihisa Miki

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Plant Water ◽

Needle Type

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The Method of Plant Water Status Measurement in Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas (L) Lam.)

Beccariana Botanical Research Bulletin ◽

10.30862/bbrp.v7i1.274 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Saraswati Prabawardani

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Sweet Potato ◽

Relative Water Content ◽

Water Status ◽

Plant Water Status ◽

Equilibration Time ◽

Plant Water ◽

Font Size ◽

Potato Leaf ◽

Relative Water

The measurement of plant water status such as leaf water potential (LWP) and leaf relative water content (RWC) is important part of understanding plant physiology and biomass production. Preliminary study was made to determine the optimum amount of leaf abrasion and equilibration time of sweet potato leaf inside the thermocouple psychrometer chambers. Based on the trial, the standard equilibration time curve of a Peltier thermocouple for sweet potato leaf was between 2 and 3 hours. To increase the water vapour conductance across the leaf epidermis the waxy leaf cuticle should be removed or broken by abrasion. The result showed that 4 times leaf rubbings was accepted as the most effective way to increase leaf vapour conductance of sweet potato in the psychrometer chambers. In calculating the leaf relative water content, unstressed water of sweet potato leaves require 4 hours imbibition, whereas water stressed of sweet potato leaves require 5 to 6 hours to reach the saturation time. Either leaf water potential or relative water content can be used as a parameter for plant water status in sweet potato.

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