Reducing HC in gasoline engine warm-up

Helmut Tschöke; Detlef Hieber; Lars Hartkopf; Frank Raab

doi:10.1007/bf03227812

Effects of Spark Timing with Other Engine Operating Parameters on the Particulate Emissions of a Dualinjection Gasoline Engine During Warm-up Conditions

10.4271/2019-01-2214 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jie Tao ◽

Chun Xia ◽

Kerang Mao ◽

Wenhao Chen ◽

Junhua Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gasoline Engine ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Particulate Emissions ◽

Warm Up ◽

Spark Timing

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A high-resolution warm-up simulation model for a gasoline engine with advanced thermal control

Vehicle Thermal Management Systems Conference and Exhibition (VTMS10) ◽

10.1533/9780857095053.3.189 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 189-200 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

G. Seider ◽

J. Mehring ◽

C. Weber

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Simulation Model ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Thermal Control ◽

Warm Up

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A case study on particulate emissions from a gasoline plug-in hybrid electric vehicle during engine warm-up, taking into account start–stop operation

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/0954407020931227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 234 (13) ◽

pp. 2907-2922

Author(s):

Martin Lenz ◽

Moritz Cremer ◽

Daniel Guse ◽

Henning Röhrich ◽

Stefan Pischinger

Keyword(s):

Electric Vehicle ◽

Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Combustion Engine ◽

Catalytic Converter ◽

Particulate Filter ◽

Particulate Emissions ◽

Warm Up ◽

Hybrid Electric

Concerning the discussions about emissions caused by individual mobility, it is foreseeable that future vehicle concepts will increasingly be based on hybrid powertrains. These systems lead to more complex operating scenarios, which have a significant influence on the resulting emissions of the engine. This work shows a case study and the results in the operation and emission behavior of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle with a direct injection gasoline engine when operated in an internationally recognized driving cycle. The vehicle’s exhaust aftertreatment system consists of a three-way catalytic converter; a particulate filter is not installed. The emissions are analyzed with a focus on particulate number emissions (from soot), especially during the warm-up phase and the frequent start–stop events (in total, there are 12 internal combustion engine operating phases), which are typical for hybrid vehicles. The results show that approximately 50% of the emitted particulates have a smaller size, 23 nm (a very high number of particulates with a mean size of 10 to 15 nm are present), which are currently not regulated, but are expected to have a high risk of adverse health effects.

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Influence of Ethanol Content, Compression Ratio and Cylinder Head Material on Idling Speed, Warm-Up Time and Emissions of a Non-Road Small Single Cylinder Gasoline Engine

10.4271/2016-32-0055 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Romero ◽

Luz Adriana Mejia ◽

Yamid Carranza

Keyword(s):

Compression Ratio ◽

Cylinder Head ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Warm Up ◽

Single Cylinder ◽

Ethanol Content

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EFFECT OF AIR HEATING AT THE INTAKE ON THE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF A TRANSPORT ENGINE WHEN RUNNING ON ALCOHOL-CONTAINING GASOLINE AT LOW TEMPERATURES

The National Transport University Bulletin ◽

10.33744/2308-6645-2021-3-50-046-056 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (50) ◽

pp. 46-56

Author(s):

Gutarevych Y ◽

◽

Shuba Y ◽

Syrota A ◽

Trifonov D ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power System ◽

Environmental Performance ◽

Low Temperatures ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Road Transport ◽

Supply System ◽

Warm Up ◽

Air Heating ◽

Start Up

The article discusses the issue associated with the influence of air heating at the intake on the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of an engine with a carburetor power system when using alcohol-containing gasoline with a bioethanol content of about 36%, in the cold start, warm-up and idle modes. The use of inlet air heating is one of the promising areas for the implementation of energy-efficient technologies in road transport. The object of experimental research is a ZAZ-1102 car with a MeMZ-245 gasoline engine with a carburetor power system. The purpose of the work is to determine the effect of air heating at the intake on the energy and environmental performance of a transport engine when operating on alcohol-containing gasoline at low temperatures. The research method is experimental. As a result of the research, it was found that the use of air preheating at the intake with TAPP when using alcohol-containing gasoline with a bioethanol content of about 36% allows for reliable start-up while reducing the engine start-up time; reduce engine warm-up time by 15.8%, total fuel consumption by 34.6%; CO concentration at the beginning of heating decreases by 30.8%, CmHn concentration decreases 4.8 times. 120 seconds after warming up, the CmHn concentration when the engine is running without heating is 730 ppm, and with heating it is 370 ppm. CO concentrations are reduced from 0.37% to 0.25%. To ensure the adaptation of existing engines with a carburetor fuel supply system to the use of alcohol-containing gasolines with a bioethanol content of more than 20%, it is recommended at low temperatures to ensure an intake air temperature within 40 ... 50 ° C, which generally leads to an increase in fuel efficiency. KEY WORDS: ENGINE WITH CARBURETTOR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM, ALCOHOL-CONTAINING GASOLINE, HEATED AIR AT THE INLET, LOW OPERATING TEMPERATURE, INCREASING ENGINE ENERGY EFFICIENCY.

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Numerical study of ceramic catalytic turbine technology for emission reduction during vehicle warm-up

International Journal of Engine Research ◽

10.1177/14680874211036086 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 146808742110360

Author(s):

Leilei Wang ◽

Xu Tan ◽

Harold Sun ◽

Abraham Engeda ◽

Hongjuan Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Boundary Layer ◽

Catalytic Reaction ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Numerical Study ◽

Moving Average ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Gas Temperature ◽

Turbine Inlet Temperature ◽

Warm Up ◽

Turbine Inlet

Ceramic Catalytic Turbine (CCT) Technology is expected to become an important means to reduce vehicle emissions, especially during engine warm-up. In this paper, catalytic reaction was numerically simulated in 3D for a CCT on a gasoline engine during the warm-up period. The results showed that turbulence in the turbine promotes catalytic activity; CCT starts to significantly affect exhaust pollution since turbine inlet temperature of 550 K; the conversion efficiency of harmful gas in exhaust rises sharply when turbine inlet reaches 575–625 K; when the inlet temperature is about 720 K, the conversion efficiencies of C3H6, CO, and NO reach 23.7%, 21.1%, and 15.5%, respectively. Meanwhile the gas temperature is increased by about 30 K at turbine outlet. In addition, during the process of numerical modeling and calculation, it is found that minor change in boundary layer thickness has a negligible impact on the simulation. However, an extremely thin boundary layer will cause computational divergence. The intensity of catalytic reaction can influence the convergence of numerical calculation, while the moving average of the catalytic reaction with the turbine inlet temperature, in return, can reveal the catalytic light-off process.

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Research of the modernized intake system of the gasoline engine

Automobile Transport ◽

10.30977/at.2019-8342.2021.49.0.08 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 5-12

Author(s):

Myron Magats ◽

Zenoviy Goshko ◽

Yuriy Vagula ◽

Anatolii Uzhva

Keyword(s):

Internal Combustion Engines ◽

Gasoline Engine ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Minimum Cost ◽

Thermal Mode ◽

Warm Up ◽

Intake System ◽

Design Changes ◽

Start Up ◽

Engine Start

Problem. In recent years, Ukraine has seen a sharp decline in ambient temperature, especially in the winter. Accordingly, this has a negative impact on the performance of car engines (difficult to start and prolonged warm-up), as the lion's share of private sector cars are parked in open areas and are subject to sudden temperature and humidity changes. Therefore, to partially solve this problem, our attention was focused on the air lines of the intake system of the gasoline engine, as this system is easily accessible and does not require significant design changes for its modernization. Goal. The purpose of the work is to ensure the ease of starting the gasoline engine and reduce the time to warm up. Methodology. Operation of the car in the conditions of the lowered temperatures, essentially promotes deterioration of its fuel economy. The basis of such a negative process of fuel consumption is incomplete combustion of the working mixture. And this is the deterioration of spraying and evaporation of fuel and increasing the duration of engine warm-up. At such low ambient temperatures, the effective operation of the car in a garage depends significantly on the method of its preparation (which should at a minimum cost of fuel and energy resources to ensure rapid and reliable engine start and accelerated warm-up). We decided to obtain thermal energy to heat the inlet air at no additional cost. This is the installation of a gasoline engine with a spark ignition of the incandescent coil in the intake air line, which will receive power from the battery. Such modernization of the system does not require major design changes and significant financial investments Unresolved issues remain to assess the effectiveness of the process of heating the air entering the combustion chamber of the engine to create a working mixture. It should be noted that the optimal heating of the engines is most appropriate to carry out (ie heating the coolant and oil in the engine lubrication system) not to the temperature of the operating thermal mode, but to the temperature that ensures its reliable start. Results. The scheme of connection of a heater of intake air in an onboard electric network of the car is presented. The results of the heat balance of the studied gasoline engine (using cold and heated air flow) during its heating are obtained. The optimum temperature of the warmed-up engine at which further economical operation of the car is possible is established. Originality. This spiral heater was first used to heat the intake air charge during the start-up and warm-up of a gasoline engine. Practical value. The developed heating equipment can be used for both gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines. It should be switched on only during engine start-up and warm-up.

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