scholarly journals The Effect of Seed Crystals of Hydroxyapatite and Brushite on the Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Undiluted Human Urine In Vitro: Implications for Urinary Stone Pathogenesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 200-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phulwinder K. Grover ◽  
Dong-Sun Kim ◽  
Rosemary Lyons Ryall
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Seed Crystals

scholarly journals INHIBITION OF CALCIUM OXALATE CRYSTALLIZATION BY AN EXTRACT OF OCIMUM BASILICUM SEEDS: AN IN-VITRO STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
PATEL RAVINDRAKUMAR K ◽  
PATEL SANDIP B
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Sodium Oxalate ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystallization ◽  
Normal Human

Objective: Ocimum basilicum (OB) has been used to treat diverse illnesses which include urinary stone disorder for a reason that historical time in India. We investigated OB seeds for antiurolithic activity. Methods: Calcium oxalate crystallization becomes triggered by the addition of 0.01 M sodium oxalate answers in normal human urine and nucleation was done. Results: OB seeds were discovered to be robust and promising antiurolithiatic agents which are in accordance with its use in traditional medication. Conclusion: An extract of the traditional herb OB has super inhibitory activity on crystalluria and therefore might be useful in dissolving urinary stone; however, in addition, a study in animal fashions of urolithiasis is needed to assess its capability antiurolithiatic interest.

scholarly journals Effect of Dolichos biflorus Seeds Based Functional Beverage on In Vitro Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Human Urine

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 5836-5844
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Dolichos Biflorus ◽  
Oxalate Crystals

Calcium oxalate is the most common type of urolithiasis. The crystallization process includes nucleation, growth, and the aggregation of crystals. This study has used Dolichos biflorus seeds as a functional beverage to explore the role of its bioactive substances on the crystallization process of calcium oxalate in managing urolithiasis. A human urine model of in vitro calcium oxalate crystals was used in the study. Phytochemical screening of Functional beverage of Dolichos biflorus seeds was performed, and antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring DPPH radical-scavenging activity, reducing power assay, and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. Functional beverage of Dolichos biflorus seeds inhibited crystallization process by reducing aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals. The reduction in crystals aggregation helps prevent urolithiasis by keeping the crystals dispersed in the urine, controlling their size, and facilitating expulsion from the urinary tract. The results showed that the Functional beverage of Dolichos biflorus seeds has a significant quantity of flavonoids, glycosides, etc., and also possesses a significant antioxidant activity as evaluated by employing different antioxidant assays. Therefore, our findings suggested that the functional beverage of Dolichos biflorus seeds exhibited antiurolithiatic activity through inhibition of the crystallization process of the calcium oxalate process and significant antioxidant potential.

Tensile, Flexural and Compressive Strength Studies on Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate Urinary Stone

2012 ◽  
Vol 584 ◽  
pp. 494-498
Author(s):  
Abdul Rasheed Mohamed Ali ◽  
Narayanasamy Arunai Nambi Raj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Laser Lithotripsy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction

Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) is the primary constituent of the majority of stones formed in the urinary tract. Mechanical properties of renal calculi dictate how a stone interact and disintegrate with mechanical forces produced by shock wave and laser lithotripsy techniques. Tensile stresses may be more effective in some instances in disrupting material because most materials are weaker in tension than compression. Urinary stone containing COM as a major component was subjected to tensile, flexural and compressive strength studies in order to understand its mechanical properties in vitro. The calculated tensile breaking strength for the urinary stone from three tests varies from 0.57 MNm-2 to 1.52 MNm-2. The flexural strength and the flexural modulus of the urinary stone were calculated as 5.17 MNm-2 and 2.22 GNm-2 respectively while the observed compressive strength was 6.11 MNm-2. The chemical composition and the crystalline nature of the stone were verified using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

Effect of Seed Crystals of Uric Acid and Monosodium Urate on the Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate in Undiluted Human Urine in Vitro

1997 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phulwinder K. Grover ◽  
Rosemary L. Ryall
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Monosodium Urate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Seed Crystals ◽  
Oxalate Crystals ◽  
Scanning Electron

1. The aim of this study was to determine whether seed crystals of uric acid or monosodium urate promote the epitaxial deposition of calcium oxalate in undiluted human urine. The effects of seed crystals of uric acid, monosodium urate or calcium oxalate on calcium oxalate crystallization induced in pooled 24-h urine samples collected from six healthy men were determined by [14C]oxalate deposition and Coulter counter particle analysis. The precipitated crystals were examined by scanning electron microscopy. 2. Seed crystals of uric acid, monosodium urate and calcium oxalate increased the precipitated particle volume in comparison with the control containing no seeds by 13.6%, 56.8% and 206.5% respectively, whereas the deposition of [14C]oxalate in these samples relative to the control was 1.4% (P < 0.05), 5.2% (P < 0.01) and 54% (P < 0.001) respectively. The crystalline particles deposited in the presence of monosodium urate seeds were smaller than those in the control samples. Scanning electron microscopy showed that large aggregates of calcium oxalate were formed in the presence of calcium oxalate seeds, which themselves were not visible. In contrast, monosodium urate and, to a lesser extent, uric acid seeds were scattered free on the membrane surfaces and attached like barnacles upon the surface of the calcium oxalate crystals. 3. It was concluded that seed crystals of monosodium urate and uric acid do not promote calcium oxalate deposition to a physiologically significant degree in urine. Howsever, binding of monosodium urate and uric acid crystals and their subsequent enclosure within actively growing calcium oxalate crystals might occur in vivo, thereby explaining the occurrence of mixed urate/oxalate stones.

scholarly journals Dissolved Urate Salts Out Calcium Oxalate in Undiluted Human Urine In Vitro

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phulwinder K Grover ◽  
Villis R Marshall ◽  
Rosemary L Ryall
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine

scholarly journals Hippuric Acid as a Significant Regulator of Supersaturation in Calcium Oxalate Lithiasis: The Physiological Evidence

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyanka S. Atanassova ◽  
Ivan S. Gutzow
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Hippuric Acid ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stone Formers ◽  
Artificial Urine ◽  
Kinetics Of

At present, the clinical significance of existing physicochemical and biological evidence and especially the results we have obtained from our previousin vitroexperiments have been analyzed, and we have come to the conclusion that hippuric acid (C6H5CONHCH2COOH) is a very active solvent of Calcium Oxalate (CaOX) in physiological solutions. Two types of experiments have been discussed: clinical laboratory analysis on the urine excretion of hippuric acid (HA) in patients with CaOX lithiasis and detailed measurements of the kinetics of the dissolution of CaOX calculi in artificial urine, containing various concentrations of HA. It turns out that the most probable value of the HA concentration in the control group is approximately ten times higher than the corresponding value in the group of the stone-formers. Ourin vitroanalytical measurements demonstrate even a possibility to dissolve CaOX stones in human urine, in which increased concentration of HA have been established. A conclusion can be that drowning out HA is a significant regulator of CaOX supersaturation and thus a regulation of CaOX stone formation in human urine. Discussions have arisen to use increased concentration of HA in urine both as a solubilizator of CaOX stones in the urinary tract and on the purpose of a prolonged metaphylactic treatment.

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