On generating spatial configurations with identical interpoint distance distributions

1980 ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry Caelli
Keyword(s):  
Interpoint Distance ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Spatial Configurations

Shape classification based on interpoint distance distributions

2016 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
José R. Berrendero ◽  
Antonio Cuevas ◽  
Beatriz Pateiro-López
Keyword(s):  
Shape Classification ◽  
Interpoint Distance ◽  
Distance Distributions

Facet Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Guttman ◽  
Charles W. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Facet Theory ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

This article gives an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitating theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies, that is particularly appropriate to the behavioral and social sciences. Facet Theory is based on (1) a definitional framework for a universe of observations in the area of study; (2) empirical structures of observations within this framework; (3) a search for correspondence between the definitional system and aspects of the empirical structure for the observations. The development of Facet Theory and Facet Design is reviewed from early scale analysis and the Guttman Scale, leading to the concepts of “mapping sentence,” “universe of content,” “common range,” “content facets,” and nonmetric multidimensional methods of data analysis. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain provides a rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a study. Examples are presented from various areas of research (intelligence, infant development, animal behavior, etc.) to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The “radex” and “cylindrex” of intelligence tests are shown to be outstanding examples of predicted spatial configurations that have demonstrated the ubiquitous emergence of the same empirical structures in different studies. Further examples are given from studies of spatial abilities, infant development, animal behavior, and others. The use of Facet Theory, with careful construction of theory and design, is shown to provide new insights into existing data; it allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of behavioral traits and makes the generalizability and replication of findings possible, which in turn makes possible the discovery of lawfulness. Achievements, issues, and future challenges of Facet Theory are discussed.

A New Geometric Model of Laid-in Weft-Knitted Fabrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752199276
Author(s):  
Ki Wai Fong ◽  
Si Qing Li ◽  
Rong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Wearable Electronics ◽  
Material Consumption ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Functional Textiles ◽  
Loop Pattern ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Consumption Prediction

Inlay yarn and laid-in structures are important technical knitting elements that have been increasingly applied in the structural design of functional textiles in industrial, medical, and wearable electronics fields. However, there is no currently established geometric model to numerically analyze their spatial morphologies and structural properties. This study presents a new geometric model and numerical analysis approach to characterize spatial configurations of inlay yarn and ground yarn in a three-dimensional scenario for laid-in weft-knitted fabrics. Loop lengths of the inlay and ground yarn materials were calculated and analyzed under different contact and deformation conditions to estimate material consumption in this complex interlooping layout. Series of laid-in weft-knitted fabrics made of different combinations of ground and inlay yarns were fabricated with the 1 × 1 laid-in loop pattern and tested for the model validation. The comparisons between the experimental and calculated results indicated that the newly developed geometric model favorably agreed with the experimental measurements regarding the ground loop lengths and inlay loop lengths applied in the laid-in weft-knitted structures. The results indicated the applicability of the developed geometric model of laid-in weft-knitted fabrics with similar structural patterns in practical use. The output of this study provides a theoretical and practical reference for structural and physical properties analysis, material consumption prediction, even cost estimation of laid-in weft-knitted fabrics.

scholarly journals Reconstructing Point Sets from Distance Distributions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Shuai Huang ◽  
Ivan Dokmanic
Keyword(s):  
Point Sets ◽  
Distance Distributions

scholarly journals Studies of transmembrane peptides by pulse dipolar spectroscopy with semi-rigid TOPP spin labels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tkach ◽  
Ulf Diederichsen ◽  
Marina Bennati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Level ◽  
Dipolar Interaction ◽  
Spin Labels ◽  
Paramagnetic Centers ◽  
Structural Adaptation ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Transmembrane Peptides ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Lipid Environment ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

AbstractElectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)-based pulsed dipolar spectroscopy measures the dipolar interaction between paramagnetic centers that are separated by distances in the range of about 1.5–10 nm. Its application to transmembrane (TM) peptides in combination with modern spin labelling techniques provides a valuable tool to study peptide-to-lipid interactions at a molecular level, which permits access to key parameters characterizing the structural adaptation of model peptides incorporated in natural membranes. In this mini-review, we summarize our approach for distance and orientation measurements in lipid environment using novel semi-rigid TOPP [4-(3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-2,6-dioxo-4-oxylpiperazin-1-yl)-L-phenylglycine] labels specifically designed for incorporation in TM peptides. TOPP labels can report single peak distance distributions with sub-angstrom resolution, thus offering new capabilities for a variety of TM peptide investigations, such as monitoring of various helix conformations or measuring of tilt angles in membranes. Graphical Abstract

Lifestyles, spatial configurations and quality of life in daily travel: an explorative simulation study

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ritsema van Eck ◽  
Guillaume Burghouwt ◽  
Martin Dijst
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Daily Travel

The Restructuring of the Automobile Industry in the USA

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 833-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Bingham ◽  
K K Sunmonu
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Mature Phase ◽  
The Us ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
The Usa

In this paper, the changes in the US automobile industry which have occurred over the 1979–86 economic downturn and recovery are examined within the framework of Markusen's profit-cycle theory. When viewing the automobile indusltry as a whole, some of the findings support the profit-cycle theory and others do not. The theory is supported, however, within the context of two distinct automobile industries in the USA—one ‘Fordist’ and the other a Japanese ‘post-Fordist’ system. The Fordist system is entering the negative profit-cycle phase and the post-Fordist system is in the mature phase. The two systems have very different spatial configurations and are likely to have very different economic futures.

Spatial Openness as a Practical Metric for Evaluating Built-up Environments

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafna Fisher-Gewirtzman ◽  
Israel A Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Quality Indicator ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Computational Method ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Important Quality ◽  
Potential Use

This paper reports on a primary metric tool developed in a collaboration between an architecture researcher and a computer science researcher. The development of this tool emerged from the concept that the spatial openness (SO)—the volume of free space measured from all possible observation points—is an important quality indicator of alternative spatial configurations within given constraints; this concept is based on the idea that the geometry and morphology of the built-up environment influence perception. Previous work showed that comparative SO measurements in alternative spatial configurations are correlated with the comparative perceived density, and in particular that a higher value of SO indicates a lower perceived density. We present a feasible 3D computational method for measuring SO and demonstrate its potential use in the design process. The SO metric is a step towards the development of quantitative comparative evaluation of building shapes and spatial configurations related to the 3D observation of open space.

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