scholarly journals The role of demography on per capita output growth and saving rates

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1347-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Sánchez-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Output Growth ◽  
Saving Rates ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capita Output

scholarly journals Democratic Institutions and Variability of Economic Growth in Pakistan: Some Evidence from the Time-series Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zakaria ◽  
Bashir Ahmed Fida
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Growth Equation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Capita Output

This paper explores the empirical association between democracy and per capita output growth in Pakistan using data for the period 1947 to 2006. The findings of the paper indicate a weak negative association between democracy and output growth. Consistent with some current empirical literature, democracy is also found to influence output growth indirectly. The empirical results are robust to different democracy variables and output growth equation specifications. The empirical findings also highlight the role of other variables in determining output growth and, except for rising oil prices, show its positive linkage to physical and human capital, government consumption, openness of trade practices and inflation. JEL classification: C22, O43 Keywords: Democracy, Growth, Time-series

scholarly journals Analyzing the Role of the Permanent and Temporary Shocks in Peru Using the Co-Movements Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Cesar R. Sobrino
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Capita Output ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

In this study, we use the co-movements approach to examine the role of permanent (common trend) and temporary (common cycle) shocks on per capita output, per capita consumption, and per capita investment in Peru, a small open commodity-based economy. Using quarterly data from 1993: Q1 to 2019: Q1, the effects of the temporary shocks are short-lived, and, on average, are a minor source of the variations of macro time series, over 10 quarters. This evidence suggests that the main source of per capita output and per capita consumption variations is the common trend shock which must be related to the 1990s reforms. Moreover, per capita output and per capita consumption are less responsive to unfavorable (favorable) common cycle shocks than per capita investment is. This outcome indicates that per capita investment has a much more volatile cycle than per capita private output and per capita consumption which is consistent with a previous empirical work.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Role of the Permanent and Temporary Shocks in Peru Using the Co-Movements Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Cesar R. Sobrino
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Capita Output ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

In this study, we use the co-movements approach to examine the role of permanent (common trend) and temporary (common cycle) shocks on per capita output, per capita consumption, and per capita investment in Peru, a small open commodity-based economy. Using quarterly data from 1993: Q1 to 2019: Q1, the effects of the temporary shocks are short-lived, and, on average, are a minor source of the variations of macro time series, over 10 quarters. This evidence suggests that the main source of per capita output and per capita consumption variations is the common trend shock which must be related to the 1990s reforms. Moreover, per capita output and per capita consumption are less responsive to unfavorable (favorable) common cycle shocks than per capita investment is. This outcome indicates that per capita investment has a much more volatile cycle than per capita private output and per capita consumption which is consistent with a previous empirical work.

THE EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE POPULATION GROWTH: AN ANALYSIS USING A SEMIENDOGENOUS R&D GROWTH MODEL

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1545-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Sasaki ◽  
Keisuke Hoshida
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth Model ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Employment Share ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Finite Time Horizon ◽  
Capita Output ◽  
Negative Population

This study investigates the rates of technological progress, total output growth, and per capita output growth when population growth is negative using a semiendogenous research and development (R&D) growth model. The analysis shows that within a finite time horizon, the employment share of the final goods sector reaches unity and that of the R&D sector reaches zero; accordingly, the rate of technological progress tends toward zero. In this case, the growth rate of per capita output asymptotically approaches a positive value.

scholarly journals ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rani Rahayu Nengsih
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Distribution Of Income ◽  
Capita Output

Economic growth is the process of increasing per capita output in the long run. economic growth only discuss about how much output growth or how much gnp is received without questioning the largest source of contribution from the total output received. So it is not surprising if one of the development indicators cannot be used as a reflection of the distribution of income of a country. It is also not surprising, when a country experiences growth, the country will also face the problem of inequality in income distribution, so that the rich the richer the poor the poorer they become.

A sector-level analysis of output club convergence in case of a global economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-767
Author(s):  
Vaseem Akram ◽  
Pradipta Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Badri Narayan Rath
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Club Convergence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agriculture Industry ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Capita Output

PurposeThis paper investigates the per-capita output club convergence in case of 120 countries for the period 1995–2015. Further, we disaggregate per-capita output into three broad sectors such as agriculture, industry, and service and investigate the convergence hypothesis.Design/methodology/approachThe paper tests this hypothesis using the Phillips and Sul panel club convergence technique.FindingsOur findings are as follows: (1) our results indicate the evidence of output divergence for the full sample; (2) when countries are divided into different clubs, the results exhibit the sign of per capita output club convergence both for aggregate and three major sectors. Further, this study confirms that industry's per capita output is the main driver for aggregate per-capita output club convergence in case of club 1. For club 2, agriculture's per capita output is a primary source for aggregate per capita output club convergence. Likewise, in the case of clubs 3 and 4, we find the service sector's per capita output is the main component for aggregate per-capita output club convergence; (3) both the service and industry sectors are major drivers for aggregate per-capita output club convergence.Practical implicationsThis study suggests to the policymaker that sector-specific policies need to be adopted to boost the per-capita output growth by improving the performance of each of the sectors across the countries.Originality/valueNotwithstanding, there are many studies that examine the output convergence using a notion of beta and sigma convergence, but studies regarding per capita output club convergence both at the aggregate and sectoral level are scanty.

scholarly journals Aging, Output Per Capita, and Secular Stagnation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauti B. Eggertsson ◽  
Manuel Lancastre ◽  
Lawrence H. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Secular Stagnation ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Capita Output

This paper re-examines the relationship between population aging and economic growth. We confirm previous research such as Cutler et al. (1990) and Acemoglu and Restrepo (2017) that show positive correlation between population aging and per capita output growth. Our contribution is demonstrating that this relationship breaks down when the adjustment of interest rates is inhibited by a lower bound on nominal rates, as during the Great Financial Crisis decade. Indeed, during the “secular stagnation regime” of 2008–2015 that prevailed in a number of countries, aging had a negative impact on living standards, consistent with the secular stagnation hypothesis. (JEL E23, E32, E43, G01, I31, J14)

GOELRO plan is 100 years old

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
Pavel A. BUTYRIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Starting Conditions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
State Plan

The historical context in which the State Plan for Electrification of Russia (GOELRO) was developed, establishment of the GOELRO Commission, the GOELRO Plan content, the specific features of its implementation, and the role of the plan in the soviet period of Russia’s history are considered. Attention is paid to the electrification plants of other countries and territories of all inhabited continents, and to the participation of states in the electrification of countries and regions with small-scale and agricultural production in the 1920 s. The specific features pertinent to the electrification of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic are pointed out, namely, low starting conditions (in 1923, the energy consumption per capita in Russia was 100 times lower than that in Norway), its being state-owned in nature and revolutionary in its purpose: to get done with the main upheavals in the country and to shift the national economy for fore efficient production. The role of V.I. Lenin and G.M. Krzhizhanovsky, who were the initiators of the electrification of Russia, is analyzed in detail. A conclusion is drawn about the need to study both the GOELRO Plan itself and the specific features and circumstances of its implementation within the framework of training modern specialists in electrical engineering.

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