scholarly journals Translabial ultrasound: a non-invasive technique for assessing “technical errors” after TOT failure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Illiano ◽  
Francesco Trama ◽  
Vincenzo Li Marzi ◽  
Vito Mancini ◽  
Giuseppe Carrieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Neck ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Transobturator Tape ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Translabial Ultrasound ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Changes Over Time

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis The aims of this study were to evaluate by transperineal ultrasound if there were ultrasound-detectable changes over time in the dynamic behavior of the sling in patients who underwent transobturator tape (TOT), and to evaluate if dynamic translabial ultrasonography recognized factors that may be associated with failed surgery. Methods This was a single-center prospective study. We included women who underwent “out-in” TOT for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). A dynamic translabial ultrasound was performed 6 months post-surgery and again at the last visit. The objective cure for SUI was defined as the absence of urine leakage during the stress test. We evaluated the bladder neck mobility at rest and during Valsalva; the position of the mesh along the urethra; the concordance of urethral movement with the sling during Valsalva; the symmetry of the lateral arms of the sling during straining; and the presence or absence of bladder neck funneling. Results From December 2012 to February 2016, 80 consecutive patients were included. Six months after surgery, incontinent women compared with continent women had the sling in a proximal or distal position, that moved discordantly with the urethra (p < 0.0001), with asymmetry arm and bladder neck funneling (p < 0.0001). Continent patients had a significant improvement of urethrocele grade both at rest (p = 0.036) and during Valsalva (p = 0.045). Conclusions Technical and positioning errors can lead to the failure of anti-incontinence surgical treatment. Translabial ultrasound allows the correct positioning of the sling to be evaluated and any errors that need to be analyzed in order to then solve the failure.

scholarly journals A Non-Invasive IR Sensor Technique to Differentiate Parkinson’s Disease from Other Neurological Disorders Using Autonomic Dysfunction as Diagnostic Criterion

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Brindha Anbalagan ◽  
Sunitha Karnam Karnam Anantha ◽  
Sridhar P. Arjunan ◽  
Venkatraman Balasubramanian ◽  
Menaka Murugesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Hand Temperature ◽  
Cold Stress Test

Early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) plays a critical role in effective disease management and delayed disease progression. This study reports a technique that could diagnose and differentiate PD from essential tremor (ET) in its earlier stage using a non-motor phenotype. Autonomic dysfunction, an early symptom in PD patients, is caused by α-synuclein pathogenesis in the central nervous system and can be diagnosed using skin vasomotor response to cold stimuli. In this study, the investigations were performed using data collected from 20 PD, 20 ET and 20 healthy subjects. Infrared thermography was used for the cold stress test to observe subjects’ hand temperature before and after cold stimuli. The results show that the recovery rate of hand temperature was significantly different between the groups. The data obtained in the cold stress test were verified using Pearson’s cross-correlation technique, which showed that few disease parameters like medication and motor rating score had an impact on the recovery rate of hand temperature in PD subjects. The characteristics of the three groups were compared and classified using the k-means clustering algorithm. The sensitivity and specificity of these techniques were analyzed using an Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyzer. These results show that this non-invasive technique can be used as an effective tool in the diagnosis and differentiation of PD in its early stage.

USING DOPPLER TO ASSESS THE FETAL HEALTH FOR THE PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL OUTCOME

2014 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Thi Linh Giang Truong ◽  
Vu Quoc Huy Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Umbilical Artery ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Fetal Health ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Key Words Doppler

Background: Assessment of fetal health plays the most important role in prenatal care because of influence of the prediction of gestational outcome. One of the main aims of routine antenatal care is to identify the ‘ at risk ‘ fetus in order to apply clinical interventions which could results in reduced perinatal morbidity and mortality. Doppler ultrasound is a non invasive technique whereby the movement of blood is studied by detecting the change in frequence of reflected sound, Doppler blood flow velocity waves form of fetal side (umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery ...) and maternal side ( uterine arteries) are discussed and monograms for routine practice are presented. Recently this method is important tool for qualifying high risk pregnancies and help early forecasts the health of the babies and mothers disorder. Doppler sonography in obstetrics is a widely accepted functional method of examining the prediction of gestational outcome. Key words: Doppler, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, uterine arteries

Diagnostic accuracy of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio (iFR) for the assessment of myocardial ischaemia: a comparison with non-invasive stress imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Stazzoni ◽  
L Tessandori ◽  
P Spontoni ◽  
M Angelillis ◽  
C Giannini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Myocardial Ischaemia ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Invasive Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Coronary Stenoses ◽  
Epicardial Stenosis

Abstract Background Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio (iFR) allows for the assessment of the haemodynamic effects of epicardial coronary stenoses without the need for hyperaemia; iFR is currently recommended as a means to evaluate myocardial ischaemia. Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy of iFR with respect to the identification of coronary epicardial stenoses causing ischemia. Therefore, we combined anatomical (% stenosis at invasive coronary angiography, ICA) and functional (non-invasive imaging stress test, NIST) information to obtain a “gold standard” for the identification of stenoses causing ischaemia. Methods We enrolled 71 patients (52 male, 19 female; age mean 68.4±8.1 years) with chronic coronary syndrome or low-risk acute coronary syndrome without ST segment elevation who had at least a NIST and who had at least one vessel with a 50%-85% stenosis at ICA. iFR was measured in all coronary arteries with stenosis &gt;50% and categorised according to the 0.89 threshold for ischaemia. Results iFR was assessed in 122 vessels. In a per-vessel analysis, in 56.7% ischaemia was present both at iFR and NIST, in 21.3% ischaemia was absent in both, while in 23.0% ischaemia was found at NIST but not confirmed by iFR. The overall accuracy of iFR with respect to NIST was 90.1%. However, when considering as the “gold standard” for coronary disease causing ischaemia the contemporary presence of an epicardial stenosis &gt;70% at ICA and a positive NIST, the diagnostic accuracy of iFR greatly improved. The sensibility, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 96.5%, 75.0%, 73.3%, 96.7% and 84.4%, respectively. In case of discordance between NIST and iFR, revascularization was based on iFR. At a mean follow-up of 23±18 months, the composite endpoint of MACE (major adverse cardiac events, defined as the composite of all-cause death, nonfatal MI and unplanned coronary revascularization) occurred in 16.4%, while death/MI occurred in 11.9%. Stratification according to the per-patient concordance between iFR and NIST showed no significant differences in rates of MACE (p=0.50) and death/MI (p=0.20). Stratification based on iFR showed a higher death/MI rate in iFR-positive patients (11.9% vs. 0%, p=0.047) and a trend to higher MACE rate (11.9% vs. 4.47% p=0.14), Conclusions The diagnostic accuracy of iFR is low when compared with NIST as the reference for myocardial ischaemia, but it is very high when compared with the combined presence of epicardial stenosis and positive NIST. Therefore, iFR can accurately guide the decision to treat or defer revascularization of intermediate coronary stenoses, being most useful in patients with multivessel CAD and when non-invasive functional data are lacking or discordant with anatomy. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) Focused on Benign and Premalignant Pancreatic Cyst Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Sonia Hermoso-Durán ◽  
Guillermo García-Rayado ◽  
Laura Ceballos-Laita ◽  
Carlos Sostres ◽  
Sonia Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Pancreatic Cyst ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Background Current ◽  
Interesting Point ◽  
Pancreatic Lesion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Patient Diagnosis ◽  
New Biomarkers

Background: Current efforts in the identification of new biomarkers are directed towards an accurate differentiation between benign and premalignant cysts. Thermal Liquid Biopsy (TLB) has been previously applied to inflammatory and tumor diseases and could offer an interesting point of view in this type of pathology. Methods: In this work, twenty patients (12 males and 8 females, average ages 62) diagnosed with a pancreatic cyst benign (10) and premalignant (10) cyst lesions were recruited, and biological samples were obtained during the endoscopic ultrasonography procedure. Results: Proteomic content of cyst liquid samples was studied and several common proteins in the different groups were identified. TLB cyst liquid profiles reflected protein content. Also, TLB serum score was able to discriminate between healthy and cysts patients (71% sensitivity and 98% specificity) and between benign and premalignant cysts (75% sensitivity and 67% specificity). Conclusions: TLB analysis of plasmatic serum sample, a quick, simple and non-invasive technique that can be easily implemented, reports valuable information on the observed pancreatic lesion. These preliminary results set the basis for a larger study to refine TLB serum score and move closer to the clinical application of TLB providing useful information to the gastroenterologist during patient diagnosis.

278 Assessing effects of lateral tilt on cardiac output using a Non-invasive technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. S182-S183
Author(s):  
Zaid Diken ◽  
Antonio F. Saad ◽  
Sema Hajmurad ◽  
Rakesh Vadhera ◽  
Michelle Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
Non Invasive

Non-invasive methods in the assessment of portal hypertension severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Soňa Franková ◽  
Jan Šperl
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Hepatic Veins ◽  
Oesophageal Varices ◽  
Non Invasive

Portal hypertension represents a wide spectrum of complications of chronic liver diseases and may present by ascites, oesophageal varices, splenomegaly, hypersplenism, hepatorenal and hepatopulmonary syndrome or portopulmonary hypertension. Portal hypertension and its severity predicts the patient‘s prognosis: as an invasive technique, the portosystemic gradient (HPVG – hepatic venous pressure gradient) measurement by hepatic veins catheterisation has remained the gold standard of its assessment. A reliable, non-invasive method to assess the severity of portal hypertension is of paramount importance; the patients with clinically significant portal hypertension have a high risk of variceal bleeding and higher mortality. Recently, non-invasive methods enabling the assessment of liver stiffness have been introduced into clinical practice in hepatology. Not only may these methods substitute for liver biopsy, but they may also be used to assess the degree of liver fibrosis and predict the severity of portal hypertension. Nowadays, we can use the quantitative elastography (transient elastography, point shear-wave elastrography, 2D-shear-wave elastography) or magnetic resonance imaging. We may also assess the severity of portal hypertension based on the non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis (i.e. ELF test) or estimate clinically signifi cant portal hypertension using composite scores (LSPS – liver spleen stiff ness score), based on liver stiffness value, spleen diameter and platelet count. Spleen stiffness measurement is a new method that needs further prospective studies. The review describes current possibilities of the non-invasive assessment of portal hypertension and its severity.

A Harmonic Tracking Technique for Recovery of Gear Motion From Non-Stationary Vibration Signals

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Lerch ◽  
Richard H. Lyon
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Time Spectrum ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Signal Distortion ◽  
Vibration Signals ◽  
Tracking Method ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stationary Vibration ◽  
Short Time

Abstract A method termed harmonic tracking is developed to recover time dependent gear motion from machine casing vibration. The harmonic tracking method uses short-time spectral generation and a subsequent set of algorithms to locate and track gear meshing frequencies as functions of time. The meshing frequencies are then integrated with respect to time to obtain the rotation of individual gears. More specifically, spectral generation is performed using the discrete Fourier transform, and the locating and tracking algorithms involve locating tones in each short-time spectrum and tracking them through successive spectra to recover gear meshing harmonics. The harmonic tracking method is found to be more robust than demodulation-based methods in the presence of measurement noise and signal distortion from the structural transfer function between gears and the casing. The harmonic tracking method is tested, both through simulation and experiments involving motor-operated valves (MOV’s) as part of the development of a diagnostic system for MOV’s. In all cases, the harmonic tracking method is found to recover gear motion with sufficient accuracy to perform diagnostics. The harmonic tracking method should be generally applicable to situations in which a non-invasive technique is required for determining the time-dependent angular speeds and displacements of gearbox input, intermediary, and output shafts.

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