Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 does not strictly require KPS and/or EPS to nodulate Glycyrrhiza uralensis, an indeterminate nodule-forming legume

The Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 rkp-3 region has been isolated and sequenced. Based on the similarities between the S. fredii HH103 rkpL, rkpM, rkpN, rkpO, rkpP, and rkpQ genes and their corresponding orthologues in Helicobacter pylori, we propose a possible pathway for the biosynthesis of the S. fredii HH103 K-antigen polysaccharide (KPS) repeating unit. Three rkp-3 genes (rkpM, rkpP, and rkpQ) involved in the biosynthesis of the HH103 KPS repeating unit (a derivative of the pseudaminic acid) have been mutated and analyzed. All the rkp-3 mutants failed to produce KPS and their lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profiles were altered. These mutants showed reduced motility and auto-agglutinated when early-stationary cultures were further incubated under static conditions. Glycine max, Vigna unguiculata (determinate nodule–forming legumes), and Cajanus cajan (indeterminate nodules) plants inoculated with mutants in rkpM, rkpQ, or rkpP only formed pseudonodules that did not fix nitrogen and were devoid of bacteria. In contrast, another indeterminate nodule–forming legume, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, was still able to form some nitrogen-fixing nodules with the three S. fredii HH103 rifampicin-resistant rkp-3 mutants tested. Our results suggest that the severe symbiotic impairment of the S. fredii rkp-3 mutants with soybean, V. unguiculata, and C. cajan is mainly due to the LPS alterations rather than to the incapacity to produce KPS.

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Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 cgs Mutants Are Unable to Nodulate Determinate- and Indeterminate Nodule–Forming Legumes and Overproduce an Altered EPS

Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions ◽

10.1094/mpmi-22-5-0575 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 575-588 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Juan C. Crespo-Rivas ◽

Isabel Margaret ◽

Ángeles Hidalgo ◽

Ana M. Buendía-Clavería ◽

Francisco J. Ollero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Glycine Max ◽

Vigna Unguiculata ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Sinorhizobium Fredii ◽

Indeterminate Nodule ◽

Nodulation Factors ◽

Indeterminate Nodules ◽

Gentamicin Resistance ◽

K Antigen

Sinorhizobium fredii HH103 produces cyclic β glucans (CG) composed of 18 to 24 glucose residues without or with 1-phosphoglycerol as the only substituent. The S. fredii HH103-Rifr cgs gene (formerly known as ndvB) was sequenced and mutated with the lacZ-gentamicin resistance cassette. Mutant SVQ562 did not produce CG, was immobile, and grew more slowly in the hypoosmotic GYM medium, but its survival in distilled water was equal to that of HH103-Rifr. Lipopolysaccharides and K-antigen polysaccharides produced by SVQ562 were not apparently altered. SVQ562 overproduced exopolysaccharides (EPS) and its exoA gene was transcribed at higher levels than in HH103-Rifr. In GYM medium, the EPS produced by SVQ562 was of higher molecular weight and carried higher levels of substituents than that produced by HH103-Rifr. The expression of the SVQ562 cgs∷lacZ fusion was influenced by the pH and the osmolarity of the growth medium. The S. fredii cgs mutants SVQ561 (carrying cgs∷Ω) and SVQ562 only formed pseudonodules on Glycine max (determinate nodules) and on Glycyrrhiza uralensis (indeterminate nodules). Although nodulation factors were detected in SVQ561 cultures, none of the cgs mutants induced any macroscopic response in Vigna unguiculata roots. Thus, the nodulation process induced by S. fredii cgs mutants is aborted at earlier stages in V. unguiculata than in Glycine max.

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Dynamic Relationships between Bioactive 2'-Hydroxychalcones and their Flavanone Isomers in Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC.)

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1348618 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 79 (10) ◽

Author(s):

C Simmler ◽

DC Nikolić ◽

T Jones ◽

RB van Breemen ◽

SN Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch ◽

Glycyrrhiza Glabra L ◽

Dynamic Relationships

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A Comparative Pharmacokinetic Profile of Trahydropalmatine After Oral Administration of its Monomer, Rhizoma Corydalis Alkaloid Extracts and Tong-Bi-Si-Wei-Fang to Rats

Current Pharmaceutical Analysis ◽

10.2174/1573412914666180314122512 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 338-345

Author(s):

Lijun Ni ◽

Lu Ding ◽

Liguo Zhang ◽

Shaorong Luan

Keyword(s):

Oral Administration ◽

Panax Notoginseng ◽

Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽

Apparent Volume ◽

Bone Diseases ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽

Pharmacokinetic Property ◽

Time Curve ◽

Concentration Time

Background: Tong-Bi-Si-Wei-Fang (TBSWF) is a candidate formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for treating rheumatoid bone diseases, which is composed of rhizoma corydalis alkaloids, saponins of glycyrrhiza uralensis and panax notoginseng, flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae and glycyrrhiza uralensis. </P><P> Objective: Trahydropalmatine (THP), the main active ingredient of rhizoma corydalis alkaloids, was selected to study in vivo pharmacokinetics and druggability of TBSWF. Methods: The plasma concentration-time (C-T) profiles of THP and the pharmacokinetic property parameters after oral administration of THP monomer, extract of corydalis alkaloids (ECA) and TBSWF to rats, respectively were compared by a fully-validated HPLC method. Results: Compared to the THP monomer, the THP in TBSWF is absorbed faster, resides in the plasma longer and has a similar apparent volume of distribution Vz/F (10~20 L/kg). Compared to THP monomer and THP in TBSWF, the area under the concentration-time curve AUC 0-t of THP in ECA decreases two-third; Vz/F of THP in ECA (85.02 L/kg) is significantly higher than that of THP in TBSWF(p <0.05). Unlike THP monomer and THP in ECA, double peaks are observed in the C-T profile of THP after oral administration of TBSWF. THP in TBSWF exhibits slow release to a certain degree. Conclusion: The interactions among the ingredients of TBSWF promote the adsorption and prolong the residence time of THP in vivo, and provide an explanation for the advantages of TBSWF from the point of pharmacokinetics.

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Tissue Culture and Micropropagation of Mongolian Licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.)

Mongolian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.22353/mjbs.2005.03.03 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Keyword(s):

Tissue Culture ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch

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The complete mitochondrial genome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (Fabales, Leguminosae)

Mitochondrial DNA Part B ◽

10.1080/23802359.2021.1872432 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 475-477

Author(s):

Yan-Yun Yang ◽

Sheng-Nan Li ◽

Liang Xu ◽

Yan-Ping Xing ◽

Rong Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Complete Mitochondrial Genome ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch

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Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase and Human Monoamine Oxidase-B by the Coumarin Glycyrol and Liquiritigenin Isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25173896 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (17) ◽

pp. 3896

Author(s):

Geum Seok Jeong ◽

Myung-Gyun Kang ◽

Joon Yeop Lee ◽

Sang Ryong Lee ◽

Daeui Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Monoamine Oxidase ◽

Binding Affinity ◽

Competitive Inhibitor ◽

Glycyrrhiza Uralensis ◽

Form Hydrogen Bond ◽

Docking Simulations ◽

Mao B ◽

Mao A ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Noncompetitive Inhibitor

Eight compounds were isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and tested for cholinesterase (ChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activities. The coumarin glycyrol (GC) effectively inhibited butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC50 values of 7.22 and 14.77 µM, respectively, and also moderately inhibited MAO-B (29.48 µM). Six of the other seven compounds only weakly inhibited AChE and BChE, whereas liquiritin apioside moderately inhibited AChE (IC50 = 36.68 µM). Liquiritigenin (LG) potently inhibited MAO-B (IC50 = 0.098 µM) and MAO-A (IC50 = 0.27 µM), and liquiritin, a glycoside of LG, weakly inhibited MAO-B (>40 µM). GC was a reversible, noncompetitive inhibitor of BChE with a Ki value of 4.47 µM, and LG was a reversible competitive inhibitor of MAO-B with a Ki value of 0.024 µM. Docking simulations showed that the binding affinity of GC for BChE (−7.8 kcal/mol) was greater than its affinity for AChE (−7.1 kcal/mol), and suggested that GC interacted with BChE at Thr284 and Val288 by hydrogen bonds (distances: 2.42 and 1.92 Å, respectively) beyond the ligand binding site of BChE, but that GC did not form hydrogen bond with AChE. The binding affinity of LG for MAO-B (−8.8 kcal/mol) was greater than its affinity for MAO-A (−7.9 kcal/mol). These findings suggest GC and LG should be considered promising compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease with multi-targeting activities.

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