scholarly journals Challenges and future directions in LC-MS-based multiclass method development for the quantification of food contaminants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Steiner ◽  
Alexandra Malachová ◽  
Michael Sulyok ◽  
Rudolf Krska
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Coupling Techniques ◽  
The Eu

AbstractMonitoring of food contaminants and residues has undergone a significant improvement in recent years and is now performed in an intensive manner. Achievements in the area of chromatography-mass spectrometry coupling techniques enabled the development of quantitative multi-target approaches covering several hundred analytes. Although the majority of methods are focusing on the analysis of one specific group of substances, such as pesticides, mycotoxins, or veterinary drugs, current trends are going towards the simultaneous determination of multiclass compounds from several families of contaminants and residues. This work provides an overview of relevant multiclass concepts based on LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS instruments. Merits and shortcomings will be critically discussed based on current performance characteristics of the EU legislation system. In addition, the discussion of a recently developed multiclass approach covering >1000 substances is presented as a case study to illustrate the current developments in this area.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J.W. Baaij
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Friedrich Schleiermacher ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Legal Integration ◽  
The Eu

This chapter provides an introduction, explicating the book’s mission and its interdisciplinary methodology while illuminating the most important concepts. The book proposes a more effective way for European Union (EU) Institutions to pursue legal integration while respecting language diversity, choosing the integration of contract law as its case study. The combined policy objectives of legal integration and language diversity function as normative benchmarks for critically assessing EU’s multilingual practices and procedures of the EU Institutions, or “Institutional Multilingualism.” It concentrates both on “EU Translation,” that is, the work of EU translators and lawyer–linguists in EU legislative bodies who produce EU’s multilingual legislation, as well as the ways in which the Court of Justice of the EU attributes uniform meaning to the various language versions of EU legislation. Finally, these evaluations are framed in terms of translation “orientations,” as expounded in a 19th-century essay by Friedrich Schleiermacher.

scholarly journals Multi-criteria Evaluation of Railway Transport Using Evaluation Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-99
Author(s):  
Štefan Čarný ◽  
Adrián Šperka ◽  
Vladislav Zitrický
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Business Partner ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Market Position ◽  
Multi Criteria Evaluation ◽  
Dominant Market Position ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe arrival of new customers along the new Iron Silk Road also brings new transport opportunities. The liberalization of railway transport has created many wagons over the railway market throughout the EU, especially in the field of freight transport. Choosing the preferable carrier that can fit the needs of customers is challenging. Each rail freight operator currently shapes its profile by focusing on a specific group of commodities as a matter of priority. By specializing, they gain a dominant market position in their sector that helps them to maintain and expand their clientele. The article aims at bringing a decisive system with clear rules and standards for choosing the right business partner in the freight railway market. The article is designed as a case study that starts with an analysis of four different freight carriers. Other parts of the article are about the evaluation of their ability to meet the needs of a customer.

The Juncker Commission

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Control ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
The Other ◽  
Integration Policy ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Institutional Profile ◽  
The One ◽  
Eu Commission ◽  
The Eu

The primary goal of this book is to trace the European Commission’s strategies of dealing with the politicisation of EU legislation. In a case study on President Jean-Claude Juncker's term of office, the authors of this volume analyse how the EU Commission set and advanced certain political priorities between 2014 and 2019. The analysis focuses on the ten political priorities which the Juncker Commission retained in all of its annual work programmes from its inception onwards, starting with its self-proclaimed role as a ‘political commission’. However, this study’s assessment of the ‘politicisation’ of integration policy is ambiguous: On the one hand, the Juncker Commission deliberately adopted politicised issues and tried to use them as opportunities for political leadership as well as to hone its own institutional profile. On the other hand, controversies and crises repeatedly forced the EU Commission to resort to damage control. With contributions by Matthieu Bertrand, Christoph Bierbrauer, Grigoriani Bougatsa, Sarah Gansen, Sanni Kunnas, Andreas Marchetti, Katarzyna Nowicka, Thomas Panayotopoulos, Dominique Roch, Martin Selmayr, Katherine Simpson, Robert Stüwe, Henri De Waele, Liska Wittenberg.

scholarly journals HNWIS INVESTMENTS: TRENDS AND THE CAPACITY TO ATTRACT (VISEGRAD REGION CASE STUDY)

2021 ◽  
pp. 07-18
Author(s):  
Ani Galstyan
Keyword(s):  
Market Development ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Net Worth ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
Economic Capacity ◽  
Visegrád Countries ◽  
The Eu

Availability of “high net worth individuals” (HNWIs) in a country indicates the level of its wealth. The Visegrad countries represent a substantial part of the EU – one tenth of the community’s economy.  The current paper focuses on the exploration of the current trends in HNWIs market development, their role in the country’s development, identifying the economic capacity of the Visegrad countries to attract HNWI funds. The currently relevant problem for this region is the continuation of its growth while mitigating high foreign capital dependency. The research results show that the Visegrad Group needs initiatives that stimulate its startup deal flow in more advanced startup scenes, attracting local private capital and more business skills. The paper contributes to literature on HNWI investments by identifying vulnerable features of economic development of the Visegrad countries which is responsible for the low HNWI attraction in relation to the current economic issues of the region.

scholarly journals Toward a Quality Guide to Facilitate the Transference of Analytical Methods from Research to Testing Laboratories: A Case Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1821-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisnha Bisetty ◽  
Njabulo Joyfull Gumede ◽  
Laura Escuder-Gilabert ◽  
Salvador Sagrado
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Method Development ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Testing Laboratories ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract At present, there is no single viewpoint that defines QA strategies in analytical chemistry. On the other hand, there are no unique protocols defining a set of analytical tasks and decision criteria to be performed during the method development phase (e.g., by a single research laboratory) in order to facilitate the transference to the testing laboratories intending to adapt, validate, and routinely use this method. This study proposes general criteria, a priori valid for any developed method, recommended as a provisional quality guide containing the minimum internal tasks necessary to publish new analytical method results. As an application, the selection of some basic internal quality tasks and the corresponding accepted criteria are adapted to a concrete case study: indirect differential pulse polarographic determination of nitrate in water samples according to European Commission requisites. Extra tasks to be performed by testing laboratories are also outlined.

scholarly journals ОСОБЛИВОСТІ І ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ РОЗВИТКУ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ТРАНСКОРДОННИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ З ФІНАНСОВИМИ ІНСТРУМЕНТАМИ В ПРАВІ ЄС

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 228-237
Author(s):  
І. П. Яновська
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Free Movement Of Capital ◽  
The Eu

Стаття присвячена аналізу сучасних тенденцій розвитку правового регулювання депозитарної системи в ЄС, зокрема збільшенню технічних норм в нормативних актах ЄС. Ідентифіковано проблемні питання, через які ринки постторгових послуг залишають­ся національно-орієнтованими, а через те недостатньо сприяють вільному руху капіталу у формі фінансових інструментів, в т. ч. цінних паперів, в масштабі ЄС.   The article deals with the analysis of current trends in the legal regulation of depository system in the EU, in particular the increase in technical standards in EU legislation. It also identifies problematic issues due to which markets of post-trading services are nationally-oriented, and therefore contribute little to the free movement of capital in the form of financial instruments, including securities, within the EU.

scholarly journals Freelancing, translating, observing: Association4U case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Elina Paliichuk
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Translation Process ◽  
Acquis Communautaire ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Political World ◽  
Technical Aid ◽  
The Eu

The paper presents an overview of the freelance practice in the Ukrainian translation industry through the lens of the role of Associate Translation Fellow at “Association4U” EU-funded technical aid project (Phase I) aimed at supporting approximation of Ukrainian laws to EU legislation. To meet the challenges of the ever-changing political world, translators should be able to build specific capacities. Under the microscope of the observations made is the range of competences which a contemporary translator should have to maintain a competitive profile in institutional translation domain. An institutional translator’s portrait has been drawn up based on the A4U case, which became possible due to feedbacks given to junior fellows and stylistic analysis of the translated texts. The studies of acquis communautaire provide insights into the stylistic peculiarities of translation of the EU acts in the context of the Ukrainian language. Key attention is given to cognitive, stylistic, and discursive aspects of translation process. The paper deals with a complex of the general philological background and specific skills of translation experts, which is a pre-requisite of accurate translation in the framework of academic, industrial, and institutional realms.

scholarly journals Case Study on the Interaction Between the General Data Protection Regulation and Artificial Intelligence Technologies

Pro Futuro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Gültekin Várkonyi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
The European Union ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Legal Questions ◽  
Rules And Principles ◽  
General Data ◽  
The Eu

This paper presents a general overview of the problems regarding the regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) raised in the official published works of the European Union (EU) and interprets these problems from the perspective of the Hungarian experts as a case study. Even though a new regulation on AI has already been proposed at the EU level, the paper evaluates specific rules and principles regarding data protection since data is the lifeblood of AI systems and the protection of such data is a fundamental right enshrined in the EU legislation via the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The result of the study shows that the application of the GDPR on AI systems in an efficient and uniform way might be at stake since different outputs were generated by the experts to the same legal questions deriving from a scenario presented.

scholarly journals Development of environmental protection infrastructure in a rural commune after Poland’s accession to the European Union – case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Zbigniew M. Karaczun ◽  
Angelika Saniewska ◽  
Grażyna Obidoska ◽  
Barbara Żarska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The process of European integration required the harmonization of the Polish law with EU legislation and the physical implementation of the new regulations. One of the areas in which these activities were carried out was environmental protection. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the Europeanisation process on environmental investment, ecology policy and the practice of environmental protection in rural communes using the example of the Wysokie Mazowieckie rural commune. The study have shown that the impact of the EU integration process was significant. This influence can be most clearly observed in the following two areas: the growing importance of environmental protection in commune policy and the acquisition of external financial resources for pro-ecological investments. Thanks to this, it was possible to solve many important environmental problems in the commune, especially regarding water and wastewater management as well as waste management.

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