scholarly journals Toward a Quality Guide to Facilitate the Transference of Analytical Methods from Research to Testing Laboratories: A Case Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1821-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisnha Bisetty ◽  
Njabulo Joyfull Gumede ◽  
Laura Escuder-Gilabert ◽  
Salvador Sagrado
Keyword(s):  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Method Development ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Concrete Case ◽  
Testing Laboratories ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract At present, there is no single viewpoint that defines QA strategies in analytical chemistry. On the other hand, there are no unique protocols defining a set of analytical tasks and decision criteria to be performed during the method development phase (e.g., by a single research laboratory) in order to facilitate the transference to the testing laboratories intending to adapt, validate, and routinely use this method. This study proposes general criteria, a priori valid for any developed method, recommended as a provisional quality guide containing the minimum internal tasks necessary to publish new analytical method results. As an application, the selection of some basic internal quality tasks and the corresponding accepted criteria are adapted to a concrete case study: indirect differential pulse polarographic determination of nitrate in water samples according to European Commission requisites. Extra tasks to be performed by testing laboratories are also outlined.

scholarly journals Selection of catchment descriptors for the physical similarity approach. Part II: Application

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
M. Heřmanovský ◽  
P. Pech
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Physical Similarity ◽  
Model Parameter ◽  
Soil Moisture Accounting ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

This paper demonstrates an application of the previously published method for selection of optimal catchment descriptors, according to which similar catchments can be identified for the purpose of estimation of the Sacramento – Soil Moisture Accounting (SAC-SMA) model parameters for a set of tested catchments, based on the physical similarity approach. For the purpose of the analysis, the following data from the Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) project were taken: a priori model parameter sets used as reference values for comparison with the newly estimated parameters, and catchment descriptors of four categories (climatic descriptors, soil properties, land cover and catchment morphology). The inverse clustering method, with Andrews’ curves for a homogeneity check, was used for the catchment grouping process. The optimal catchment descriptors were selected on the basis of two criteria, one comparing different subsets of catchment descriptors of the same size (MIN), the other one evaluating the improvement after addition of another catchment descriptor (MAX). The results suggest that the proposed method and the two criteria used may lead to the selection of a subset of conditionally optimal catchment descriptors from a broader set of them. As expected, the quality of the resulting subset of optimal catchment descriptors is mainly dependent on the number and type of the descriptors in the broader set. In the presented case study, six to seven catchment descriptors (two climatic, two soil and at least two land-cover descriptors) were identified as optimal for regionalisation of the SAC-SMA model parameters for a set of MOPEX catchments.

scholarly journals A marca própria e os seus aspectos negociais: um estudo de caso

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edivaldo Fernandes Dos Santos Junior ◽  
Andréa Paula Osório Duque ◽  
Manoel Marcondes Machado Neto
Keyword(s):  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Private Label ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Chain Stores ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
A Company ◽  
Selection Of

Atualmente, as marcas comerciais surgem como atributos de diferenciação e de vantagem competitiva, criando valor para as empresas de varejo. Neste sentido, elas geralmente têm seus produtos associados a preços mais acessíveis, possibilitando a incorporação de um nicho de mercado ao negócio de supermercados e redes de lojas, além de gerar maior rentabilidade. Este estudo se propôs a examinar os aspectos relacionados à origem e ao fortalecimento de uma marca própria por meio de um estudo de caso. O objetivo geral consiste em investigar o desenvolvimento de uma marca própria em uma empresa de produtos naturais. A metodologia adotada é a da pesquisa descritiva, com dados qualitativos obtidos a partir de um estudo de caso único. A coleta de dados foi efetivada via entrevista com o diretor-executivo e a gerente de desenvolvimento de produtos de uma empresa do ramo de alimentos saudáveis. Os resultados demonstram, principalmente, que o desenvolvimento da marca própria pesquisada requereu análise criteriosa dos hábitos dos consumidores; determinação dos objetivos estratégicos; diferenciação competitiva por meio de escolha precisa de fornecedores; investimento maciço em marketing; além de diversificação dos veículos de comunicação.Palavras-chave: Marca. Marca Própria. Brand. Branding.The private label and its negotiation aspects: a case studyAbstractNowadays, trademarks appear as differentiating attributes and competitive advantage, creating value for retail companies. In this way, private labels usually have their products associated with more affordable prices, enabling the incorporation of market niches to supermarkets and chain stores, in addition to higher profitability. This study aimed to examine the issues related to the origin and strengthening of a private label through a case study. The overall objective is to investigate the development of a private label in a company of natural products. The methodology adopted is this study can be classified as an applied research, descriptive and qualitative data obtained through a case study approach. Data collection for the completion of the case study approach was carried out by an interview with the executive director and the product development manager. The results show mainly that the development of a private label required careful analysis of consumers’ habits; determination of strategic objectives; competitive differentiation through careful selection of suppliers; massive investment in marketing and media diversification.Keywords: Brand. Branding. Private Label.

Gas Turbine Field Performance Determination: Sources of Uncertainties

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pinelli ◽  
P. R. Spina
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Characteristic Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents an analysis of the uncertainties in the determination of gas turbine health, which arise by using a method of Gas Path Analysis. This method uses field measurements to estimate, through a mathematical model of the gas turbine thermodynamic cycle, the characteristic geometric and performance parameters, which are indices of gas turbine health. The investigated sources of uncertainties are the inaccuracy of measurements and the necessity of fixing a priori a number of characteristic parameters. This fact implies that variations occurring on these parameters in the actual gas turbine cause an estimation error on the characteristic parameters used as problem variables. The analysis leads to the selection of the appropriate measurements to be used in the gas turbine health determination and identification of both the most critical measurements and parameters.

scholarly journals Determination of Watershed Characteristics and Curve Number (CN) for Ponnaniyaru Dam Catchment Area

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.12) ◽  
pp. 558
Author(s):  
Selvakumar R ◽  
Nasir N ◽  
Suribabu C R
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Significant Parameter ◽  
Present Case Study ◽  
Scs Cn ◽  
Hydrologic Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

In SCS-CN method, curve number is significant parameter in estimating runoff from the catchment of the reservoir or inflow to the reservoir. As this curve number is function of several parameters like hydrological soil group, LULC, land treatment, hydrologic conditions and AMC, the selection of CN for prediction of inflow to the lake or reservoir is considered as a crucial in the hydrological studies. LULC, micro-watershed, drainage density, and catchment slope are obtained using spatial analysis and also SCS Curve Number value for Ponnaniyaru dam catchment area is derived from the LULC data. Further, CN value is evaluated from actual rainfall data and runoff volume collected at the reservoir. The study reveals the significant variation of CN value among each event. The present case study highlights the sensitiveness of CN value in the computation of runoff from the watershed. Keywords: Curve number, LULC, AMC, drainage density. 

scholarly journals Methodical approaches to bioassay of substances containing unstable functional groups

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Khokhlov ◽  
Ilya I. Yaichkov ◽  
Yuriy A. Dzhurko ◽  
Leonid N. Shitov ◽  
Anastasia A. Shitova
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Phenolic Hydroxyl ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: This article describes the method development approaches for bioassay of substances containing unstable functional groups and forming unstable metabolites using the example of mycophenolic acid, methyldopa and mebeverine metabolites. Materials and Methods: The concentration of mycophenolic acid, which contains one phenolic hydroxyl and forms glucuronides during metabolism, was measured in plasma using HPLC-MS/MS, HPLC-MS and GC-MS. The determination of methyldopa, containing two phenolic hydroxyls, in stabilised plasma was performed by HPLC-MS/MS in the range of 0.02-3.00 μg/ml. Desmethyl mebeverine acid, which contains one phenolic hydroxyl and is metabolised by forming phenolic glucuronide, was assayed simultaneously with mebeverine acid in the range of 10-2000 ng/ml. Results and Discussion: The selection of storage conditions of the samples containing unstable substances should begin with selecting an anticoagulant based on the study of its short-term stability and freeze/thaw stability. If an unacceptable result is obtained, a combination of the anticoagulant and a stabiliser solution, as well as a concentration of this solution and its volume ratio to the biological fluid should be titrated. After which, this method should be validated by using the selected anticoagulant or the combination of the anticoagulant and stabiliser solution. Conclusion: The application of this approach to developing a bioanalytical method for determination of unstable compounds makes it possible to avoid obtaining false assay results.

An Integrated Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Approach for E-Waste Collection Center Location Problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-38
Author(s):  
Hür Bersam Bolat ◽  
İrem Otay ◽  
Gül Tekin Temur ◽  
Şükrü İmre
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Center Location ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of locations for collecting end of life goods is a multi-dimensional problem. In this study, the objective is to propose a hybrid multi-criteria decision model for e-waste collection center location selection problem employing an integrated Pythagorean fuzzy AHP (analytical hierarchy process)-VIKOR (multi-criteria optimization and compromise solution) methodology. A case study from Turkish e-waste recycling industry is conducted in order to verify the success of the proposed methodology. Thirty-nine alternative collection center districts are evaluated and ranked by employing Pythagorean fuzzy VIKOR based on “cost, logistics, environment, socio-culture, and population” and 11 sub-criteria. The study involves 39 e-waste collection location centers, and the model was solved for 50 times for 10 scenarios for each criterion. The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the evaluation of criteria and determination of their weights have critical effects on the results.

scholarly journals Challenges and future directions in LC-MS-based multiclass method development for the quantification of food contaminants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Steiner ◽  
Alexandra Malachová ◽  
Michael Sulyok ◽  
Rudolf Krska
Keyword(s):  
Method Development ◽  
Food Contaminants ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Eu Legislation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Coupling Techniques ◽  
The Eu

AbstractMonitoring of food contaminants and residues has undergone a significant improvement in recent years and is now performed in an intensive manner. Achievements in the area of chromatography-mass spectrometry coupling techniques enabled the development of quantitative multi-target approaches covering several hundred analytes. Although the majority of methods are focusing on the analysis of one specific group of substances, such as pesticides, mycotoxins, or veterinary drugs, current trends are going towards the simultaneous determination of multiclass compounds from several families of contaminants and residues. This work provides an overview of relevant multiclass concepts based on LC-MS/MS and LC-HRMS instruments. Merits and shortcomings will be critically discussed based on current performance characteristics of the EU legislation system. In addition, the discussion of a recently developed multiclass approach covering >1000 substances is presented as a case study to illustrate the current developments in this area.

scholarly journals Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Varietas Ciherang dengan menggunakan Sistem Tanam Legowo Jajar 2:1 (Studi Kasus di Subak Sengempel, Desa Bongkasa, Kecamatan Abiansemal, Kabupaten Badung)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
MATHEUS FRYNARDO KEUKAMA ◽  
I NYOMAN GEDE USTRIYANA ◽  
NI LUH PRIMA KEMALA DEWI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Rice Farming ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Planting System ◽  
Selection Of

Rice Farming Revenue Analysis of Ciherang Varietyby using the PlantingSystem of Legowo Row 2:1 (A Case Study in the Subak of Sengempel, Bongkasa Village, Sub-District of Abiansemal, Badung Regency)Rice is one of the crops that has the potential to be developed economically. The waythat can be done to increase the rice production is by the use of superior and effectiveagricultural technology. Farmers in the Subak of Sengempel are growing the ricevarieties of Ciherang by using Legowo row planting system 2:1 to boost theproduction of rice. The purpose of the study was to determine the revenue, R/C ratioand the constraints of Ciherang varieties of rice farming using Legowo row plantingsystem 2:1 in the Subak of Sengempel, Bongkasa Village, Sub-District ofAbiansemal, Badung Regency. The selection of location was conducted purposively,and the determination of the respondents was taken by purposive sampling consistingof 30 farmers of respondents. The results of research of Ciherang varieties of ricefarming by using Legowo row planting system 2:1 showed that in one growingseason, the production costs incurred was Rp 15.533.330,99/hectare, obtaining Rp27.109.333,33/hectare, which generated revenues of Rp 11.576.002,34/hectare. TheR/C ratio was 1,75 per hectare and theobstacles facedwere technical problems in ricecultivation of Ciherang varieties. Farmers are advised to make the cultivation of ricevarieties of Ciherang using Legowo row planting system 2:1 because the ricefarming is profitable or feasible.The farmers should suppress or reduce theproduction costs, especially the labor costs outside of the household. The farmers areexpected to anticipate the pest attack in rice plants.

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