scholarly journals Influence of visual feedback, hand dominance and sex on individuated finger movements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Johansson ◽  
Helena Grip ◽  
Louise Rönnqvist ◽  
Jonas Selling ◽  
Carl-Johan Boraxbekk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ring Finger ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Movement Trajectory ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Finger Movements ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Visual Monitoring ◽  
Vision Condition ◽  
Flexion Extension

AbstractThe ability to perform individual finger movements, highly important in daily activities, involves visual monitoring and proprioception. We investigated the influence of vision on the spatial and temporal control of independent finger movements, for the dominant and non-dominant hand and in relation to sex. Twenty-six healthy middle-aged to old adults (M age = 61 years; range 46–79 years; females n = 13) participated. Participants performed cyclic flexion–extension movements at the metacarpophalangeal joint of one finger at a time while keeping the other fingers as still as possible. Movements were recorded using 3D optoelectronic motion technique (120 Hz). The movement trajectory distance; speed peaks (movement smoothness); Individuation Index (II; the degree a finger can move in isolation from the other fingers) and Stationarity Index (SI; how still a finger remains while the other fingers move) were extracted. The main findings were: (1) vision only improved the II and SI marginally; (2) longer trajectories were evident in the no-vision condition for the fingers of the dominant hand in the female group; (3) longer trajectories were specifically evident for the middle and ring fingers within the female group; (4) females had marginally higher II and SI compared with males; and (5) females had fewer speed peaks than males, particularly for the ring finger. Our results suggest that visual monitoring of finger movements marginally improves performance of our non-manipulative finger movement task. A consistent finding was that females showed greater independent finger control compared with males.

Inhibitory Control of Adjacent Finger Movements while Performing a Modified Version of the Halstead Finger Tapping Test: Effects of Age, Education and Sex

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
George P. Prigatano ◽  
Sandro Barbosa de Oliveira ◽  
Carlos Wellington Passos Goncalves ◽  
Sheila Marques Denucci ◽  
Roberta Monteiro Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
College Education ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Motor Inhibition ◽  
Finger Movements ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Finger Tapping Test ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Objective: Selective motor inhibition is known to decline with age. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of failures at inhibitory control of adjacent finger movements while performing a repetitive finger tapping task in young, middle-aged and older adults. Potential education and sex effects were also evaluated. Methods: Kinematic recordings of adjacent finger movements were obtained on 107 healthy adults (ages 20–80) while they performed a modified version of the Halstead Finger Tapping Test (HTFF). Study participants were instructed to inhibit all finger movements while tapping with the index finger. Results: Inability to inhibit adjacent finger movements while performing the task was infrequent in young adults (2.9% of individuals between 20 and 39 years of age) but increased with age (23.3% between the ages of 40 and 59; 31.0% between ages 60 and 80). Females and males did not differ in their inability to inhibit adjacent finger movements, but individuals with a college education showed a lower frequency of failure to inhibit adjacent finger movements (10.3%) compared to those with a high school education (28.6%). These findings were statistically significant only for the dominant hand. Conclusion: Selective motor inhibition failures are most common in the dominant hand and occur primarily in older healthy adults while performing the modified version of the HFTT. Monitoring selective motor inhibition failures may have diagnostic significance.

Basal ganglia and frontal involvement in self-generated and externally-triggered finger movements in the dominant and non-dominant hand

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1277-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix-Etienne François-Brosseau ◽  
Kristina Martinu ◽  
Antonio P. Strafella ◽  
Michael Petrides ◽  
France Simard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Finger Movements

The msl-2 dosage compensation gene of Drosophila encodes a putative DNA-binding protein whose expression is sex specifically regulated by Sex-lethal

Development ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 121 (10) ◽  
pp. 3245-3258 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Bashaw ◽  
B.S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Dna Binding ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Specific Lethal ◽  
Alternatively Spliced ◽  
Sex Lethal ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Male Specific

In Drosophila dosage compensation increases the rate of transcription of the male's X chromosome and depends on four autosomal male-specific lethal genes. We have cloned the msl-2 gene and shown that MSL-2 protein is co-localized with the other three MSL proteins at hundreds of sites along the male polytene X chromosome and that this binding requires the other three MSL proteins. msl-2 encodes a protein with a putative DNA-binding domain: the RING finger. MSL-2 protein is not produced in females and sequences in both the 5′ and 3′ UTRs are important for this sex-specific regulation. Furthermore, msl-2 pre-mRNA is alternatively spliced in a Sex-lethal-dependent fashion in its 5′ UTR.

scholarly journals On the Other Hand…: Enhancing Promotional Effectiveness with Haptic Cues

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-117
Author(s):  
Virginie Maille ◽  
Maureen Morrin ◽  
Ryann Reynolds-McIlnay
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Perceived Ownership ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Haptic Cues ◽  
Hand Action

People like graspable objects more when the objects are located on the dominant-hand side of their body or when the handles point toward their dominant-hand side. However, many products do not have handles or are not graspable (e.g., services, objects hanging on the wall). Can nongraspable products nevertheless benefit from the effects of appealing to viewers’ dominant hands? The present research shows that, yes, consumers respond more positively to nongraspable products if a haptic cue (an object that is graspable or suggestive of hand action) is located within the same visual field as the target and is positioned to appeal to the viewer’s dominant hand. This result is driven by the creation and transfer of perceived ownership from cue to target. These findings extend the use of haptic cues to nongraspable products and uncover the critical role played by perceived ownership, including its ability to transfer from one object to another located in the same visual field. Moreover, the current research demonstrates situations in which the use of haptic cues will not enhance response.

Contact and the Alteration of Racial Attitudes in South Africa

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy Bradnum ◽  
Johann Nieuwoudt ◽  
Colin Tredoux
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Consistent Finding ◽  
Segregated Schools ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Normative Factors

Two generations of social psychologists have described a remarkably consistent pattern of racial attitudes in South Africa. Whites exhibit determinedly negative attitudes towards other ‘race’ groups (Afrikaans speakers more so than English speakers), and blacks, on the other hand, show a much lower degree of ethnocentrism, especially toward English-speaking whites. This ‘lop-sided colour bar’ is a consistent finding, both historically and across different attitudinal measures. We report results here that indicate that this pattern may be changing, in at least one part of the country. In addition, we examine the attitudes of school pupils in integrated and segregated schools, both in South Africa and in Zimbabwe, for evidence that inter-racial contact improves attitudinal dispositions. Our findings here offer little evidence in favour of the proposition: they appear instead to suggest the dependency of the effects of contact on cultural and normative factors.

scholarly journals Treatment of Advanced Kienbock's Disease (Lichtman Stage IIIB with Carpal Collapse) by a Shortening Osteotomy of the Radius: 21 Cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Botelheiro ◽  
Silvia Silverio ◽  
Ana Luísa Neto
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Stage Iiib ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Carpal Collapse ◽  
Kienböck’S Disease ◽  
Kienböck's Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Shortening Osteotomy ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Kienbock’S Disease

Purpose To review the results of shortening osteotomies of the radius in our stage IIIB Kienbock's disease patients. Materials and Methods In the past 30 years, we treated 52 cases of Kienbock's disease by a shortening osteotomy of the radius, of which 21 already had carpal collapse. All patient charts and X-rays were reviewed, but only the cases already with carpal collapse (stage IIIB) are presented here. Results All patients improved after surgery. Pain, on a scale of 0 to 3, generally 2 or 3 before surgery (median: 2.3), was normally 1 or 0 afterward (median: 0.9); median flexion–extension of the wrist improved from 77 to 99 degrees; and grip strength of the other hand improved from 26 to 76%. The last clinical and radiological review was performed 1 to 23 years after surgery (median: 8 years). Conclusion Advanced Kienbock’s disease with carpal collapse is not a contraindication for carpal-sparing surgery radial shortening osteotomy.

Motivation and the Human Monitor: I. The Effect of Contingent Credit

1969 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Halcomb ◽  
Peggy Blackwell
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Visual Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Task ◽  
College Population ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Course Credit

This research was designed to test the hypothesis that relevant incentives would result in improved performance on a visual monitoring task. Course credit was used as an incentive due to its apparent relevance for the college population. Two groups of Ss were employed. One group received credit made contingent on performance; the other group received credit for participation. The contingent group performed at a higher level than did the non-contingent group. Level of performance for both groups was high, suggesting that a relevant incentive can be effective in maintaining a high level of performance over time.

scholarly journals Comparison of the efficacy of three cervical collars in restricting cervical range of motion: A randomized study

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Guk Kim ◽  
Sung Hwan Bang ◽  
Gu Hyun Kang ◽  
Yong Soo Jang ◽  
Wonhee Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Cervical Spine Injury ◽  
Axial Rotation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Cervical Range Of Motion ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Cervical Immobilization ◽  
The Difference

Background: The cervical collar has been used as a common device for the initial stabilization of the cervical spine. Although many cervical collars are commercially available, there is no consensus on which offers the greatest protection, with studies showing considerable variations in their ability to restrict cervical range of motion. The use of the XCollar (Emegear, Carpinteria, CA) has been known to decrease the risk of spinal cord injury by minimizing potential cervical spinal distraction. We compared XCollar with two other cervical collars commonly used for adult patients with cervical spine injury to evaluate the difference in effectiveness between the three cervical collars to restrict cervical range of motion. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the difference between the three cervical collars in their ability to restrict cervical range of motion. Method: A total of 30 healthy university students aged 21–25 years participated in this study. Participants with any cervical disease and symptoms were excluded. Three cervical collars were tested: Philadelphia® Collar, Stifneck® Select™ Collar, and XCollar. A digital camera and an image-analysis technique were used to evaluate cervical range of motion during flexion, extension, bilateral bending and bilateral axial rotation. Cervical range of motion was evaluated in both the unbraced and braced condition. Results: XCollar permitted less than a mean of 10° of movement during flexion, extension, bilateral bending and bilateral axial rotation. This was less than the movement permitted by the other two cervical collars. Conclusion: XCollar presented superior cervical immobilization compared to the other two commonly used cervical collars in this study. Thus, when cervical collar is considered for an adult patient with cervical spine injury, XCollar might be one of the considerate options as a cervical immobilization device.

scholarly journals Inertial Measurement Unit Based Upper Extremity Motion Characterization for Action Research Arm Test and Activities of Daily Living

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Seok Nam ◽  
Woo Hyung Lee ◽  
Han Gil Seo ◽  
Yoon Jae Kim ◽  
Moon Suk Bang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Extremity Motion

In practical rehabilitation robot development, it is imperative to pre-specify the critical workspace to prevent redundant structure. This study aimed to characterize the upper extremity motion during essential activities in daily living. An IMU-based wearable motion capture system was used to access arm movements. Ten healthy subjects performed the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) and six pre-selected essential daily activities. The Euler angles of the major joints, and acceleration from wrist and hand sensors were acquired and analyzed. The size of the workspace for the ARAT was 0.53 (left-right) × 0.92 (front-back) × 0.89 (up-down) m for the dominant hand. For the daily activities, the workspace size was 0.71 × 0.70 × 0.86 m for the dominant hand, significantly larger than the non-dominant hand (p ≤ 0.011). The average range of motion (RoM) during ARAT was 109.15 ± 18.82° for elbow flexion/extension, 105.23 ± 5.38° for forearm supination/pronation, 91.99 ± 0.98° for shoulder internal/external rotation, and 82.90 ± 22.52° for wrist dorsiflexion/volarflexion, whereas the corresponding range for daily activities were 120.61 ± 23.64°, 128.09 ± 22.04°, 111.56 ± 31.88°, and 113.70 ± 18.26°. The shoulder joint was more abducted and extended during pinching compared to grasping posture (p < 0.001). Reaching from a grasping posture required approximately 70° elbow extension and 36° forearm supination from the initial position. The study results provide an important database for the workspace and RoM for essential arm movements.

Biomechanical comparison of anterior and posterior stabilization methods in atlantoaxial instability

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Kim ◽  
T. Jesse Lim ◽  
Josemaria Paterno ◽  
Tae-Jin Hwang ◽  
Kun-Woo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Atlantoaxial Instability ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
Posterior Fixation ◽  
Lateral Bending ◽  
Biomechanical Stability ◽  
Transarticular Screw ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors compared the biomechanical stability of two anterior fixation procedures—anterior C1–2 Harms plate/screw (AHPS) fixation and the anterior C1–2 transarticular screw (ATS) fixation; and two posterior fixation procedures—the posterior C-1 lateral mass combined with C-2 pedicle screw/rod (PLM/APSR) fixation and the posterior C1–2 transarticular screw (PTS) fixation after destabilization. Methods. Sixteen human cervical spine specimens (Oc—C3) were tested in three-dimensional flexion—extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending motions after destabilization by using an atlantoaxial C1–2 instability model. In each loading mode, moments were applied to a maximum of 1.5 Nm, and the range of motion (ROM), neutral zone (NZ), and elastic zone (EZ) were determined and values compared using the intact spine, the destabilized spine, and the postfixation spine. The AHPS method produced inferior biomechanical results in flexion—extension and lateral bending modes compared with the intact spine. The lateral bending NZ and ROM for this method differed significantly from the other three fixation techniques (p < 0.05), although statistically significant differences were not obtained for all other values of ROM and NZ for the other three procedures. The remaining three methods restored biomechanical stability and improved it over that of the intact spine. Conclusions. The PLM/APSR fixation method was found to have the highest biomechanical stiffness followed by PTS, ATS, and AHPS fixation. The PLM/APSR fixation and AATS methods can be considered good procedures for stabilizing the atlantoaxial joints, although specific fixation methods are determined by the proper clinical and radiological characteristics in each patient.

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