scholarly journals Relevance of Candidatus Nitrotoga for nitrite oxidation in technical nitrogen removal systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Spieck ◽  
Simone Wegen ◽  
Sabine Keuter
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Niche Separation ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Nitrite Oxidation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Genome Analyses

Abstract Many biotechnological applications deal with nitrification, one of the main steps of the global nitrogen cycle. The biological oxidation of ammonia to nitrite and further to nitrate is critical to avoid environmental damage and its functioning has to be retained even under adverse conditions. Bacteria performing the second reaction, oxidation of nitrite to nitrate, are fastidious microorganisms that are highly sensitive against disturbances. One important finding with relevance for nitrogen removal systems was the discovery of the mainly cold-adapted Cand. Nitrotoga, whose activity seems to be essential for the recovery of nitrite oxidation in wastewater treatment plants at low temperatures, e.g., during cold seasons. Several new strains of this genus have been recently described and ecophysiologically characterized including genome analyses. With increasing diversity, also mesophilic Cand. Nitrotoga representatives have been detected in activated sludge. This review summarizes the natural distribution and driving forces defining niche separation in artificial nitrification systems. Further critical aspects for the competition with Nitrospira and Nitrobacter are discussed. Knowledge about the physiological capacities and limits of Cand. Nitrotoga can help to define physico-chemical parameters for example in reactor systems that need to be run at low temperatures. Key points • Characterization of the psychrotolerant nitrite oxidizer Cand. Nitrotoga • Comparison of the physiological features of Cand. Nitrotoga with those of other NOB • Identification of beneficial environmental/operational parameters for proliferation

Nutrient Removal in Small Wastewater Treatment Plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Niels Skov Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ferrous Sulphate ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Sensitive Technique ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Denitrification Reactor

In some areas of Denmark nutrient removal is required even for very small wastewater plants, that is down to 500 pe (pe = person equivalents). The goal for the removal is 80% removal of nitrogen and 90% removal of phosphorus, or in terms of concentrations: 8 mg nitrogen/l and 1.2 mg phosphorus/l. The inlet concentrations are typically 40 mg N/l and 10 mg P/l. The paper presents the results from two such plants with a capacity of 800 pe. Phosphorus removal is made by simultaneous precipitation with ferrous sulphate. Nitrogen removal is carried out using the recirculation method. Both plants were originally rotor aerated oxidation ditches. They have been extended with a denitrification reactor and a recirculation pumping station. At present both plants have been in activity for about 3 years and with satisfactory results. Average concentrations of nitrogen (summer) and phosphorus is 7 mg/l and 0.9 mg/l respectively. Nitrogen removal seems to be a practical solution on these small plants. It is,though, sensitive to temperature and highly oxidized rain water. Phosphorus removal seems to be an easily run and relatively non-sensitive technique at least when using simultaneous precipitation.

Nitrifier Augmentation for High Ammonia Nitrogen Removal by Aerobic Granular Sludge at Low Temperatures

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Qianqian Yang ◽  
Wenxin Shi ◽  
Shuili Yu ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
High Ammonia

scholarly journals Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2): a general model for wastewater treatment plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Barat ◽  
J. Serralta ◽  
M. V. Ruano ◽  
E. Jiménez ◽  
J. Ribes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Removal Model

This paper presents the plant-wide model Biological Nutrient Removal Model No. 2 (BNRM2). Since nitrite was not considered in the BNRM1, and this previous model also failed to accurately simulate the anaerobic digestion because precipitation processes were not considered, an extension of BNRM1 has been developed. This extension comprises all the components and processes required to simulate nitrogen removal via nitrite and the formation of the solids most likely to precipitate in anaerobic digesters. The solids considered in BNRM2 are: struvite, amorphous calcium phosphate, hidroxyapatite, newberite, vivianite, strengite, variscite, and calcium carbonate. With regard to nitrogen removal via nitrite, apart from nitrite oxidizing bacteria two groups of ammonium oxidizing organisms (AOO) have been considered since different sets of kinetic parameters have been reported for the AOO present in activated sludge systems and SHARON (Single reactor system for High activity Ammonium Removal Over Nitrite) reactors. Due to the new processes considered, BNRM2 allows an accurate prediction of wastewater treatment plant performance in wider environmental and operating conditions.

Performance evaluation of different wastewater treatment technologies operating in a developing country

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia C. Oliveira ◽  
Marcos von Sperling
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Uasb Reactors

This article analyses the performance of 166 wastewater treatment plants operating in Brazil, comprising six different treatment processes: septic tank + anaerobic filter, facultative pond, anaerobic pond + facultative pond, activated sludge, UASB reactors alone, UASB reactors followed by post-treatment. The study evaluates and compares the observed effluent quality and the removal efficiencies in terms of BOD, COD, TSS, TN, TP and FC with typical values reported in the technical literature. In view of the large performance variability observed, the existence of a relationship between design/operational parameters and treatment performance was investigated. From the results obtained, no consistent relationship between loading rates and effluent quality was found. The influence of loading rates differed from plant to plant, and the effluent quality was dictated by several combined factors related to design and operation.

Conditions and technologies of biological wastewater treatment in Hungary

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676-1683 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Tardy ◽  
V. Bakos ◽  
A. Jobbágy
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Removal Technologies ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

A survey has been carried out involving 55 Hungarian wastewater treatment plants in order to evaluate the wastewater quality, the applied technologies and the resultant problems. Characteristically the treatment temperature is very wide-ranging from less than 10 °C to higher than 26 °C. Influent quality proved to be very variable regarding both the organic matter (typical COD concentration range 600–1,200 mg l−1) and the nitrogen content (typical NH4-N concentration range 40–80 mg l−1). As a consequence, significant differences have been found in the carbon availability for denitrification from site to site. Forty two percent of the influents proved to lack an appropriate carbon source. As a consequence of carbon deficiency as well as technologies designed and/or operated with non-efficient denitrification, rising sludge in the secondary clarifiers typically occurs especially in summer. In case studies, application of intermittent aeration, low DO reactors, biofilters and anammox processes have been evaluated, as different biological nitrogen removal technologies. With low carbon source availability, favoring denitrification over enhanced biological phosphorus removal has led to an improved nitrogen removal.

OPTIMIZING OPERATION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BY OFFLINE AND ONLINE COMPUTER SIMULATION

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Otterpohl ◽  
Thomas Rolfs ◽  
Jörg Londong
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Computer Work ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Wide Range

Computer simulation of activated sludge plant for nitrogen removal has become a reliable tool to predict the behaviour of the plant Models including biological phosphorus removal still require some practical experience but they should be available soon. This will offer an even wider range than today's work with nitrogen removal. One major benefit of computer simulation of wastewater treatment plants (WTP) is the optimization of operation. This can be done offline if hydrographs of a plant are collected and computer work is done with “historical” analysis. With online simulation the system is fed with hydrographs up to the actual time. Prognosis can be done from the moment of the computer work based on usual hydrographs. The work of the authors shows how accuratly a treatment plant can be described, when many parameters are measured and available as hydrographs. A very careful description of all details of the special plant is essential, requiring a flexible simulation tool. Based on the accurate simulation a wide range of operational decisions can be evaluated. It was possible to demonstrate that the overall efficiency in nitrogen removal and energy consumption of ml activated sludge plant can be improved.

Characterization of slowly-biodegradable organic compounds and hydrolysis kinetics in tropical wastewater for biological nitrogen removal

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seow Wah How ◽  
Jia Huey Sin ◽  
Sharon Ying Ying Wong ◽  
Pek Boon Lim ◽  
Alijah Mohd Aris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Uptake Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Abstract Many developing countries, mostly situated in the tropical region, have incorporated a biological nitrogen removal process into their wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Existing wastewater characteristic data suggested that the soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) in tropical wastewater is not sufficient for denitrification. Warm wastewater temperature (30 °C) in the tropical region may accelerate the hydrolysis of particulate settleable solids (PSS) to provide slowly-biodegradable COD (sbCOD) for denitrification. This study aimed to characterize the different fractions of COD in several sources of low COD-to-nitrogen (COD/N) tropical wastewater. We characterized the wastewater samples from six WWTPs in Malaysia for 22 months. We determined the fractions of COD in the wastewater by nitrate uptake rate experiments. The PSS hydrolysis kinetic coefficients were determined at tropical temperature using an oxygen uptake rate experiment. The wastewater samples were low in readily-biodegradable COD (rbCOD), which made up 3–40% of total COD (TCOD). Most of the biodegradable organics were in the form of sbCOD (15–60% of TCOD), which was sufficient for complete denitrification. The PSS hydrolysis rate was two times higher than that at 20 °C. The high PSS hydrolysis rate may provide sufficient sbCOD to achieve effective biological nitrogen removal at WWTPs in the tropical region.

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