Long-term roosting data reveal a unimodular social network in large fission-fusion society of the colony-living Natterer’s bat (Myotis nattereri)

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika M. Zeus ◽  
Christine Reusch ◽  
Gerald Kerth
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Myotis Nattereri

Comparing the social networks of service users with long term mental health needs living in community with those in a general adult in-patient unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 002076402110175
Author(s):  
Roberto Rusca ◽  
Ike-Foster Onwuchekwa ◽  
Catherine Kinane ◽  
Douglas MacInnes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Patient Group ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Practical Support ◽  
The Social

Background: Relationships are vital to recovery however, there is uncertainty whether users have different types of social networks in different mental health settings and how these networks may impact on users’ wellbeing. Aims: To compare the social networks of people with long-term mental illness in the community with those of people in a general adult in-patient unit. Method: A sample of general adult in-patients with enduring mental health problems, aged between 18 and 65, was compared with a similar sample attending a general adult psychiatric clinic. A cross-sectional survey collected demographic data and information about participants’ social networks. Participants also completed the Short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale to examine well-being and the Significant Others Scale to explore their social network support. Results: The study recruited 53 participants (25 living in the community and 28 current in-patients) with 339 named as important members of their social networks. Both groups recorded low numbers in their social networks though the community sample had a significantly greater number of social contacts (7.4 vs. 5.4), more monthly contacts with members of their network and significantly higher levels of social media use. The in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Conclusions: People with serious and enduring mental health problems living in the community had a significantly greater number of people in their social network than those who were in-patients while the in-patient group reported greater levels of emotional and practical support from their network. Recommendations for future work have been made.

35 Social Contact Mode and 15-Year Episodic Memory Trajectories in Older Adults with and Without Hearing Loss: the Elsa Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i7-i11
Author(s):  
S Rafnsson ◽  
A Maharani ◽  
G Tampubolon
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Impaired Hearing ◽  
Contact Mode

Abstract Introduction Frequent social contact benefits cognition in later life although evidence is lacking on the potential importance of the modes chosen by older adults for interacting with others in their social network. Method 11,513 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) provided baseline information on hearing status and social contact mode and frequency of use. Multilevel growth curve models compared episodic memory (immediate and delayed recall) at baseline and long-term in participants who interacted frequently (offline only or offline and online combined), compared to infrequently, with others in their social network. Results Frequent offline (β = 0.29; p < 0.05) and combined offline and online (β = 0.76; p < 0.001) social interactions predicted better episodic memory after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. We observed positive long-term influences of combined offline and online interactions on memory in participants without hearing loss (β = 0.48, p = 0.001) but not of strictly offline interactions (β = 0.00, p = 0.970). In those with impaired hearing, long-term memory was positively influenced by both modes of engagement (offline only: β = 0.93, p < 0.001; combined online and offline: β = 1.47, p < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Conclusion Supplementing conventional social interactions with online communication modes may help older adults, especially those living with hearing loss, sustain, and benefit cognitively from, personal relationships.

scholarly journals Identifying Project Corporate Behavioral Risks to Support Long-Term Sustainable Cooperative Partnerships

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6347
Author(s):  
Marco Nunes ◽  
António Abreu ◽  
Célia Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Major Factors

Projects are considered crucial building blocks whereby organizations execute and implement their short-, mid-, and long-term strategic visions. Projects are thought, developed, and implemented to solve problems, drive change, satisfy unique needs, add value, and exploit opportunities, just to name a few objectives. Although existing project management tools and techniques aim to deliver projects with success, according to the latest reviewed literature, projects still keep failing at an impressive pace. Among the extensive list of factors that may threaten project success, several articles from the research literature place particular importance on a still underexplored factor that may strongly lead to unsuccessful project delivery. This factor—usually known as corporate behavioral risks—usually emerges and evolves as organizations work together to deliver projects across a bounded period of time, and is characterized by the mix of formal and informal dynamic interactions between the different stakeholders that constitute the different organizations. Furthermore, several articles from the research literature also point out the lack of proper models to efficiently manage corporate behavioral risks as one of the major factors that may lead to projects failing. To efficiently identify and measure how such corporate behaviors may contribute to a project’s outcomes (success or failure), a heuristic model is proposed in this work, developed based on four fundamental fields ((1) project management, (2) risk management, (3) corporate behavior, and (4) social network analysis), to quantitatively analyze four critical project social networks ((1) communication, (2) problem-solving, (3) advice, and (4) trust), by applying the theory of social network analysis (SNA). The proposed model in this work is supported with a case study to illustrate its implementation and application across a project lifecycle, and how organizations can benefit from its application.

scholarly journals Why Nursing Home Residents Use Social Network Systems: An Attachment Perspective

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
I.-Chiu Chang ◽  
Kuei-Chen Cheng ◽  
Cheng-Yi Chiang ◽  
Chang-Kuo Hu
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Long Term Care Facility ◽  
Network Platform ◽  
Labor Resources

Most long-term care facilities can offer residents’ with sufficiently material and physical care, but psychological support may not be always provided due to the tight financial budget or labor resources. Residents’ isolation and loneliness then become a big issue, especially for the residents. Social network systems (SNS) have been proved to be a more effective information transmission channel for thoughts, perspectives, and information sharing than traditional channels such as microblogging, e-mails, or telephones. This study conducted a quasi-experiment to identify factors that influence residents’ intention of using SNS and the impacts of SNS on them in a long-term care facility. The results showed that residents’ attached motivation of personal interacting is a significant factor that influences their intention to use the social network platform. Meanwhile, both the loneliness and depression scales of the participants were decreased significantly.

Identify project corporate behavioral risks to support long-term sustainable cooperative partnerships.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
marco nunes ◽  
Antônio José de Abreu Pina
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Social Network Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Corporate Behavior ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Project Lifecycle

Projects can be seen as the crucial building blocks whereby organizations execute and implement their short, and long-term strategic vision. Projects are thought to solve problems, drive change, satisfy unique needs, add value, or exploit opportunities, just to name a few. In order to successful deliver projects, project management tools and techniques are applied throughout a project´s lifecycle, essentially to efficiently and in a timely manner, identify and manage project risks. However, according to latest reviewed literature, projects keep failing at an impressive rate. Although research in the project management field argues that such failure rate is due to a huge variety of reasons, it highlights particular importance to a still underexplored and not quite well understood (regarding how it emerges and evolves) risk type, that may lead projects to failure. This risk type, called as corporate behavioral risks, usually emerge, and evolve as organizations work together across a finite period of time (for example, across a project lifecycle) to deliver projects, and is characterized by the mix of countless formal and informal dynamic interactions between the different elements that constitute the different organizations. Understanding the extent to which such corporate behavior influences project´s outcomes, is a breakthrough of high importance that positively impacts two dimensions; first, enables organizations that deliver projects (but not only), to increase the chances of project success, which in turn is a driver of sustainable business, because it allows the development and implementation of effective, and timely corrective measures to project´s tasks and activities, and second, it contributes to the scientific community (on the organizations field), to generate valuable and actionable new knowledge regarding the emergence and evolution of such cooperative risks, which can lead to the development of new theories and approaches on how to manage them. In this work, we propose a heuristic model to efficiently identify and analyze how corporate behavioral risks may influence project´s outcomes. The proposed model in this work, lays its foundations on four fundamental fields ((1) project management, (2) risk management, (3) corporate behavior, and (4) social network analysis), and will quantitatively measure four critical project social networks ((1) communication, (2) problem-solving, (3) advice, and (4) trust) that usually emerge as projects are being delivered, by applying the theory of social network analysis (SNA), more concretely, SNA centrality metrics. The proposed model in this work is supported with a case study to illustrate its implementation across a project lifecycle, and how organizations can benefit from its application.

A Collaborative Model for Long-Term Investing

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashby Monk ◽  
Rajiv Sharma ◽  
Duncan L. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Social Network Theory ◽  
Clear Distinction ◽  
Financial Intermediaries ◽  
Collaborative Model ◽  
Short Termism

This chapter introduces the key themes that will be looked at in this book. In particular, it looks at the problem of long-term investing, illustrating why institutional investors are not acting in a long-term manner and the repercussions that this has for wider society. It provides a clear distinction between asset owner investors who have monopolies over their capital source and financial intermediaries, who are essentially acting on the former’s behalf but have come under much scrutiny for their shorter-term, opportunistic, and at times unethical behavior. The collaborative model of long-term investing and re-intermediation thesis is introduced as an innovative way for institutional investors to overcome some of the challenges of short-termism. The chapter outlines how social network theory and economic sociology are used to validate the collaborative model. This paves the way for detailed explanations and case study examples starting in Chapter 2.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms, emotional support and activities of daily living disability onset: 15-year follow-up of the Bambuí (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Lustosa Torres ◽  
Erico Castro-Costa ◽  
Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini ◽  
Sérgio William Viana Peixoto ◽  
Breno Satler de Oliveira Diniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Wide Range

Psychosocial factors appear to be associated with increased risk of disability in later life. However, there is a lack of evidence based on long-term longitudinal data from Western low-middle income countries. We investigated whether psychosocial factors at baseline predict new-onset disability in long term in a population-based cohort of older Brazilians adults. We used 15-year follow-up data from 1,014 participants aged 60 years and older of the Bambuí (Brazil) Cohort Study of Aging. Limitations on activities of daily living (ADL) were measured annually, comprising 9,252 measures. Psychosocial factors included depressive symptoms, social support and social network. Potential covariates included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle, cognitive function and a physical health score based on 10 self-reported and objectively measured medical conditions. Statistical analysis was based on competitive-risk framework, having death as the competing risk event. Baseline depressive symptoms and emotional support from the closest person were both associated with future ADL disability, independently of potential covariates wide range. The findings showed a clear graded association, in that the risk gradually increased from low emotional support alone (sub-hazard ratio - SHR = 1.11; 95%CI: 1.01; 1.45) to depressive symptoms alone (SHR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.13; 2.01) and then to both factors combined (SHR = 1.61; 95%CI: 1.18; 2.18). Marital status and social network size were not associated with incident disability. In a population of older Brazilian adults, lower emotional support and depressive symptoms have independent predictive value for subsequent disability in very long term.

Exploring the value of social network ‘care maps’ in the provision of long-term conditions care

2019 ◽  
pp. 174239531983646
Author(s):  
Jessica Young ◽  
Ursula Poole ◽  
Fardowsa Mohamed ◽  
Shona Jian ◽  
Martyn Williamson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Care Community ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Care Maps ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
Reflection On Practice

Objectives There is renewed attention to the role of social networks as part of person-centred long-term conditions care. We sought to explore the benefits of ‘care maps’ – a patient-identified social network map of their care community – for health professionals in providing person-centred care. Methods We piloted care maps with 39 patients with long-term conditions in three urban and one rural general practice and two hospital wards. We interviewed the health professionals (n = 39) of these patients about what value, if any, care maps added to patient care. We analysed health professional interview data using thematic analysis to identify common themes. Results Health professionals all said they learned about their patients as a person-in-context. There was an increased understanding of patients’ support networks, synthesising what is known and unknown. Health professionals understood patients’ perceptions of health professionals and what really mattered to patients. There was discussion about the therapeutic value of care maps. The maps prompted reflection on practice. Discussion Care maps facilitated a broader focus than the clinical presentation. Using care maps may enable health professionals to support self-management rather than feeling responsible for many aspects of care. Care maps had ‘social function’ for health professionals. They may be a valuable tool for patients and clinicians to bridge the gap between medical treatment and patients’ lifeworlds.

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