Tissue culture-induced flower-color changes in Saintpaulia caused by excision of the transposon inserted in the flavonoid 3′, 5′ hydroxylase (F3′5′H) promoter

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Sato ◽  
Takashi Kawabe ◽  
Munetaka Hosokawa ◽  
Fumi Tatsuzawa ◽  
Motoaki Doi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Color Changes

scholarly journals Flower Color Changes in three Japanese Hibiscus Species: Further Quantitative Variation of Anthocyanin and Flavonols

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Shimokawa ◽  
Tsukasa Iwashina ◽  
Noriaki Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Quantitative Variation ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Flavonoid Composition

One anthocyanin and four flavonols were detected from the petals of Hibiscus hamabo, H. tiliaceus and H. glaber. They were identified as cyanidin 3- O-sambubioside, gossypetin 3- O-glucuronide-8- O-glucoside, quercetin 7- O-rutinoside, gossypetin 3- O-glucoside and gossypetin 8- O-glucuronide by UV spectra, LC-MS, acid hydrolysis and HPLC. The flavonoid composition was essentially the same among the petals of H. hamabo, H. tiliaceus and H. glaber, and there was little quantitative variation, except for cyanidin 3- O-sambubioside, the content of which in the petals of H. tiliaceus and H. glaber was much higher than in that of H. hamabo. Flower colors of H. tiliaceus and H. glaber change from yellow to red, and that of H. hamabo changes from yellow to orange. These changes were caused by contents of anthocyanin and flavonols, which increased after flowering of H. hamabo, H. tiliaceus and H. glaber.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Analysis on the Petal of ‘Chen Xi’ Rose with Light-Induced Color Changes

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2065
Author(s):  
Mengyue Su ◽  
Rebecca Njeri Damaris ◽  
Zhengrong Hu ◽  
Pingfang Yang ◽  
Jiao Deng
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Rose Petal ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Color Modification

Flower color is one of the most prominent traits of rose flowers and determines their ornamental value. The color of the “Chen Xi” rose can change from yellow to red during flower blooming. In the present study, the flavonoid metabolites were investigated by the UPLC-ESI-MS/MS from the petals of four successive flower development stages under natural conditions. In total, 176 flavonoid components, including 49 flavones, 59 flavonols, 12 flavanones, 3 isoflavones, 12 anthocyanins, and 41 proanthocyanidins were identified, with some of them being detected for the first time in this study. Additionally, there were 56 compounds that showed differences among comparison groups, mainly being enriched in pathways of isoflavone, flavonoid, flavone, flavonol, phenylpropanoids, and anthocyanin. Among them, it is anthocyanins that allow the rose flower to turn red when exposed to sunlight. To verify this result, compounds from rose petal with shading treatment (S2D) was also detected but could be clearly separated from the four samples under light by clustering and principal component analyses (PCA). Consistent with low anthocyanins accumulation, the flower with shading could not turn red. Moreover, it provides a foundation for further research on the light-induced color modification of flower.

scholarly journals Clonal fidelity of chrysanthemum regenerated from long term cultures

Genetika ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sladjana Jevremovic ◽  
Milana Trifunovic ◽  
Marija Nikolic ◽  
Angelina Subotic ◽  
Ljiljana Radojevic
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
In Vitro Plants ◽  
One Year

Morphological characteristics of flowers of long term regenerated chrysanthemum, cv. "White Spider", after ten years of micropropagation are investigated. Shoot cultures are established and maintained more than ten years by stem segment culture on MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA (1.0, 0.1 mgL-1, respectively). Rooting of shoots (100 %) has done on MS medium without hormones and it was very successful after ten years, as well as, after two or eight years of micropropagation. Acclimation of rooted chrysanthemum plantlets at greenhouse conditions was excellent and after appropriate photoperiod "in vitro" plants flowered 90.3 % and have the same flower color, shape and size as mother plants. Flower color changes of "in vitro" plants are observed during another flowering cycle one year after acclimatization. Observed variations of chrysanthemum flowers could be attributed to epigenetic factors.

scholarly journals PROSES PEMBUNGAAN BEBERAPA VARIETAS Hoya coronaria DARI KAWASAN HUTAN KERANGAS AIR ANYIR, BANGKA

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Risti Annisa ◽  
Yulian Fakhrurrozi ◽  
Sri Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Flower Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Heath Forest ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Flowering Process

Hoya coronaria found in heath forest of Air Anyir, Bangka has diverse colors. Flowers color diversity sometimes correlated varieties or the result of color changes during flowering process. The flowers development process observed from 5 H. coronaria varieties with different color from heath forest of Air Anyir, Bangka.The purpose of this research to know the flowering process and flower color change process some varieties of H. coronaria. This research done from September 2015-January 2016. This study used qualitative method to made detail and systematic description about flowering phase. H.coronaria flowering process consists of flower initation, flower estabilisment and flower development. Flower initation needs 13-15 days, flower estabilisment needs 10-12 days and flower development consists of early blooming process, full blooming and senescene. Early blooming process needs 1-3 days, full blooming needs 5-12 days and senescene needs 1-3 days. During the development process changes from rounded to pentagonal shape and there is a change in size. The observation result showed that 5 varieties are different from one another based on the difference between the colors of the flowers. Variety 1 has yellow corolla without honey line and deep pink corona. Variety 2 has light yellow green corolla with strong pink honey line and moderate red corona. Variety 3 has moderate red corolla with moderate red honey line and moderate red corona. Variety 4 has light yellow green corolla with moderate pink honey line and light yellow green corona. Variety 5 has moderate red without honey line and grayish red corona

scholarly journals The Effects of Ozone on Visual Attraction Traits of Erodium paularense (Geraniaceae) Flowers: Modelled Perception by Insect Pollinators

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2750
Author(s):  
Samuel Prieto-Benítez ◽  
Raquel Ruiz-Checa ◽  
Victoria Bermejo-Bermejo ◽  
Ignacio Gonzalez-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Reflectance ◽  
Color Perception ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Color Spaces ◽  
Sensitive Species ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Visual Attraction ◽  
Novel Method

Ozone (O3) effects on the visual attraction traits (color, perception and area) of petals are described for Erodium paularense, an endangered plant species. Plants were exposed to three O3 treatments: charcoal-filtered air (CFA), ambient (NFA) and ambient + 40 nL L−1 O3 (FU+) in open-top chambers. Changes in color were measured by spectral reflectance, from which the anthocyanin reflectance index (ARI) was calculated. Petal spectral reflectance was mapped onto color spaces of bees, flies and butterflies for studying color changes as perceived by different pollinator guilds. Ozone-induced increases in petal reflectance and a rise in ARI under NFA were observed. Ambient O3 levels also induced a partial change in the color perception of flies, with the number of petals seen as blue increasing to 53% compared to only 24% in CFA. Butterflies also showed the ability to partially perceive petal color changes, differentiating some CFA petals from NFA and FU+ petals through changes in the excitation of the UV photoreceptor. Importantly, O3 reduced petal area by 19.8 and 25% in NFA and FU+ relative to CFA, respectively. In sensitive species O3 may affect visual attraction traits important for pollination, and spectral reflectance is proposed as a novel method for studying O3 effects on flower color.

scholarly journals (283) Petal Color Changes in Carnation Plants Transformed with an Antisense DFR and a CHI Gene

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051C-1051
Author(s):  
Kyung Hee Hwang ◽  
Byung Hwan Min ◽  
Haki Shin ◽  
Byung Joon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Putative Transformants ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Selection Medium

To produce transgenic carnation plants expressing modified flower colors, cultivars of red-flowering carnation (`Desio' and `Garnet') were transformed with a antisense DFR gene encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase, and yellow-flowering carnations (`Pallas' and `Keumbyul') were introduced with a CHI gene encoding chalcone synthease isomerase. Explants of leaves, stems, and shoot tips were inoculated with Agrobacterium and grown overnight in induction broth supplemented with 0.2 mm acetosyringone. The cocultures of carnation explants were maintained in the light at 24 °C on one-half strength MS medium solidified with 0.3% Gelite and supplemented with 1.0 mg·L-1 BA for 10 days, and then were transferred to a selection medium containing 250 mg·L-1 cefotaxime/carbenicillin, 500 mg·L-1 kanamycin. They were subcultured every 2 weeks for over six times and regenerated. In `Garnet' and `Desio' carnation cultivars, a total of 146 plants was transformed with anti-sense DFR gene in pGA748/LBA4404. In yellow flowering cultivars `Pallas' and `Keumbyul', transformed with CHI gene in pGA748/LBA4404, 20 putative transformants obtained. The introduction of the transgenes were confirmed through PCR and flower color changes. Rates of phenotypic expression of the transgene, antisense DFR gene, vary among the transformants such as lighter pigmentation or chimeric discoloration, more prominently in outer petals of the flowers. Transgenic plants of chi gene bloomed flowers of lighter yellow petals in general. The most prominent phenotypic changes were discoloration of red strips on petals, which are typical characteristics of the cultivars.

Tissue section lifting for electron microscopy

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Adrian F. van Dellen
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Paraffin Sections ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Specific Determination ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability

The morphologic pathologist may require information on the ultrastructure of a non-specific lesion seen under the light microscope before he can make a specific determination. Such lesions, when caused by infectious disease agents, may be sparsely distributed in any organ system. Tissue culture systems, too, may only have widely dispersed foci suitable for ultrastructural study. In these situations, when only a few, small foci in large tissue areas are useful for electron microscopy, it is advantageous to employ a methodology which rapidly selects a single tissue focus that is expected to yield beneficial ultrastructural data from amongst the surrounding tissue. This is in essence what "LIFTING" accomplishes. We have developed LIFTING to a high degree of accuracy and repeatability utilizing the Microlift (Fig 1), and have successfully applied it to tissue culture monolayers, histologic paraffin sections, and tissue blocks with large surface areas that had been initially fixed for either light or electron microscopy.

Recent Studies on a Murine Leukemia Virus Grown in Tissue Culture

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
L. Z. de Tkaczevski ◽  
E. de Harven ◽  
C. Friend
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Solid Tumors ◽  
Murine Leukemia Virus ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Supernatant Fluid ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Friend Leukemia ◽  
Type C ◽  
Leukemia Viruses ◽  
Murine Leukemia

Despite extensive studies, the correlation between the morphology and pathogenicity of murine leukemia viruses (MLV) has not yet been clarified. The virus particles found in the plasma of leukemic mice belong to 2 distinct groups, 1 or 2% of them being enveloped A particles and the vast majority being of type C. It is generally believed that these 2 types of particles represent different phases in the development of the same virus. Particles of type A have been thought to be an earlier form of type C particles. One of the tissue culture lines established from Friend leukemia solid tumors has provided the material for the present study. The supernatant fluid of the line designated C-1A contains an almost pure population of A particles as illustrated in Figure 1. The ratio is, therefore, the reverse of what is unvariably observed in the plasma of leukemic mice where C particles predominate.

Cytoplasmic Tubules in Cells Infected with Laryngotracheitis Virus

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 376-377
Author(s):  
A. M. Watrach
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Chicken Embryo ◽  
Culture Cells ◽  
Tissue Culture Cells ◽  
Morphologic Characteristics ◽  
Infectious Laryngotracheitis ◽  
Laryngotracheitis Virus ◽  
In Cells

During a study of the development of infectious laryngotracheitis (LT) virus in tissue culture cells, unusual tubular formations were found in the cytoplasm of a small proportion of the affected cells. It is the purpose of this report to describe the morphologic characteristics of the tubules and to discuss their possible association with the development of virus.The source and maintenance of the strain of LT virus have been described. Prior to this study, the virus was passed several times in chicken embryo kidney (CEK) tissue culture cells.

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