Effect of sintering temperature and holding time on the crystal phase, microstructure, and ionic conductivity of NASICON-type 33Na2O-40ZrO2-40SiO2-10P2O5 solid electrolytes
In this paper, coated ZrSiO4-ZrB2 powder was prepared by sol-gel method. The ZrSiO4 coating can improve the oxidation resistance of ZrB2 at high temperature. The effect of N (nZrSiO4/nZrB2), sintering temperature, holding time and catalytic hydrolysis condition of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) on coated ZrSiO4-ZrB2 powder was discussed. The modern testing techniques such as XRD, SEM and TG-DSC were used to analyze the crystal phase compositions, microstructures and the oxidation resistance property. The results of experiments showed that the oxidation resistance of coated ZrSiO4-ZrB2 powder was excellent when N is 0.7, and TEOS is alkaline-catalyzed hydrolyzed.
Analysis and research the composition and properties of sugar mud and city sludge and add other materials to make the permeable material. Research results show that the main crystal phase with Mullite, Quartz and Calciclase when the mass percent respectively of sugar mud, fly ash, clay, waste ceramic, city sludge, glass powder are 15%, 20%, 35%, 20%, 5%, 5%, the optimal sintering temperature is 1100°C and the holding time is 0.5h. The water absorption of permeable material is 24.50%, the porosity is 34.81%, the flexural strength is 14.33MPa, the range of aperture size is 5μm ~30μm.
NASICON-type Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) is supposed to be one of the most potential solid electrolytes with the characteristics of high ionic conductivity and safety for solid-state sodium batteries. Many methods have...
Na-β″-alumina is the commercially most successful solid electrolyte due to its application in ZEBRA and NAS® batteries. In this work, Li-stabilized Na-β″-alumina electrolytes were doped with 3d transition metal oxides, namely TiO2, Mn3O4, and NiO, in order to improve their ionic conductivity and fracture strength. Due to XRD and EDX measurements, it was concluded that Mn- and Ni-ions are incorporated into the crystal lattice of Na-β″-alumina. In contrast, TiO2 doping results in the formation of secondary phases that enable liquid-assisted sintering at temperatures as low as 1500 °C. All dopants increased the characteristic fracture strength of the electrolytes; 1.5 wt% of NiO doping proved to be most efficient and led to a maximal characteristic fracture strength of 296 MPa. Regarding the ionic conductivity, TiO2 doping showed the uppermost value of up to 0.30 S cm−1 at 300 °C. In contrast to the other dopants, TiO2 doping lowered the sintering temperature needed to obtain a dense, stable, and highly conductive Na-β″-alumina electrolyte suitable for applications in Na based batteries.
<p>Owing to highly conductive solid ionic conductors, all-solid-state batteries attract significant attention as promising next-generation energy storage devices. A lot of research is invested in the search and optimization of solid electrolytes with higher ionic conductivity. However, a systematic study of an <i>interlaboratory reproducibility</i> of measured ionic conductivities and activation energies is missing, making the comparison of absolute values in literature challenging. In this study, we perform an uncertainty evaluation via a Round Robin approach using different Li-argyrodites exhibiting orders of magnitude different ionic conductivities as reference materials. Identical samples are distributed to different research laboratories and the conductivities and activation barriers are measured by impedance spectroscopy. The results show large ranges of up to 4.5 mScm<sup>-1</sup> in the measured total ionic conductivity (1.3 – 5.8 mScm<sup>-1</sup> for the highest conducting sample, relative standard deviation 35 – 50% across all samples) and up to 128 meV for the activation barriers (198 – 326 meV, relative standard deviation 5 – 15%, across all samples), presenting the necessity of a more rigorous methodology including further collaborations within the community and multiplicate measurements.</p>
In this work, alumina (Al2O3) ceramics were prepared using an environmentally friendly slip casting method. To this end, highly concentrated (70 wt.%) aqueous suspensions of alumina (Al2O3) were prepared with different amounts of the ammonium salt of a polycarboxylic acid, Dolapix CE 64, as an electrosteric dispersant. The stability of highly concentrated Al2O3 aqueous suspensions was monitored by viscosity measurements. Green bodies (ceramics before sintering) were obtained by pouring the stable Al2O3 aqueous suspensions into dry porous plaster molds. The obtained Al2O3 ceramic green bodies were sintered in the electric furnace. Analysis of the effect of three sintering parameters (sintering temperature, heating rate and holding time) on the density of alumina ceramics was performed using the response surface methodology (RSM), based on experimental data obtained according to Box–Behnken experimental design, using the software Design-Expert. From the statistical analysis, linear and nonlinear models with added first-order interaction were developed for prediction and optimization of density-dependent variables: sintering temperature, heating rate and holding time.
Due to high ionic conductivity, favorable mechanical plasticity, and non-flammable properties, inorganic sulfide solid electrolytes bring opportunities to the practical realization of rechargeable Li-metal batteries with high energy, yet their...
Influence of 3d Transition Metal Doping on Lithium Stabilized Na-β″-Alumina Solid Electrolytes