Brassinosteroids Confer Tolerance to Salt Stress in Eucalyptus urophylla Plants Enhancing Homeostasis, Antioxidant Metabolism and Leaf Anatomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Pereira de Oliveira ◽  
Michael Douglas Roque Lima ◽  
Breno Ricardo Serrão da Silva ◽  
Bruno Lemos Batista ◽  
Allan Klynger da Silva Lobato
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism

Leaf application of 24‐epibrassinolide mitigates cadmium toxicity in young Eucalyptus urophylla plants by modulating leaf anatomy and gas exchange

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Felipe Silva Cunha ◽  
Victor Pereira Oliveira ◽  
Antonio Wellinton Silva Nascimento ◽  
Breno Ricardo Serrão Silva ◽  
Bruno Lemos Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla

scholarly journals Towards a Sustainable Agriculture: Strategies Involving Phytoprotectants against Salt Stress

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ramón Acosta-Motos ◽  
Consuelo Penella ◽  
José A. Hernández ◽  
Pedro Díaz-Vivancos ◽  
María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Related Compounds

Salinity is one of the main constraints for agriculture productivity worldwide. This important abiotic stress has worsened in the last 20 years due to the increase in water demands in arid and semi-arid areas. In this context, increasing tolerance of crop plants to salt stress is needed to guarantee future food supply to a growing population. This review compiles knowledge on the use of phytoprotectants of microbial origin (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), osmoprotectants, melatonin, phytohormones and antioxidant metabolism-related compounds as alleviators of salt stress in numerous plant species. Phytoprotectants are discussed in detail, including their nature, applicability, and role in the plant in terms of physiological and phenotype effects. As a result, increased crop yield and crop quality can be achieved, which in turn positively impact food security. Herein, efforts from academic and industrial sectors should focus on defining the treatment conditions and plant-phytoprotectant associations providing higher benefits.

scholarly journals Antioxidant metabolism of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. under salt stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
L.V.V. Boas ◽  
I.R. Brandão ◽  
D.M. Silva ◽  
M.O. Santos ◽  
K.R.D. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Chenopodium Quinoa ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism

Response of Reed Canary Grass to Salt Stress during Seed Germination and Vegetative Stage

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5355-5362
Author(s):  
Li Li Cong ◽  
Xin Quan Zhang ◽  
Yong Xiang Li ◽  
Kai Kai Cheng ◽  
Yun Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The aim of this experiment was to determine the responses of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) to salt stress during germination and vegetative growth. Therefore, effects of salinity (0, 50, 100,150, 200,250mMNaCl) on germination, changes in the percentage of germination, abnormal seedling and un-germinated seeds of two germplasms (Zxy06p-2449 and Zxy06p-2653) during germination under stress were determined. Moreover, during vegetative growth(40d old plants), changes in superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase (CAT), electrolyte leakage were also investigated after salt treatment for 5,10 and 15d. Salt stress decreased the germination percentage. Few seeds germinated at 200mMNaCl, abnormal seedlings and un-germinated seeds increased significantly under the higher salt concentration. During vegetative growth, increased activities of SOD, in 50,100 and 150mMNaCl treated-plants may help to avoid oxidative damage. Differential responses of antioxidant enzymes to salt stress during germination and vegetative growth suggested different antioxidant metabolism in reed canary grass. From the results obtained in present study, it can be suggested that reed canary grass is a moderately salt-tolerant specie with considerable germplasm differences. Zxy06p-2449 and Zxy06p-2653 will not be survive in long-term (>15d) salt treatment under 150mMNaCl, especially Zxy06p-2653 which shown more sensitive under higher salt concentrations

scholarly journals Does nitric oxide protect Eucalyptus urophylla seeds under salt stress conditions?

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalita Maciel Pereira ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto ◽  
Fabieli Pelissari ◽  
Wilson Vicente Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla

Abstract: The germination response of seeds under artificial stress conditions is a tool for better understanding of the survival and adaptation ability of species under natural stress conditions. The aims of this study were to evaluate the protective effect of nitric oxide during germination as well as seed vigor and seedling development of Eucalyptus urophylla under salt stress conditions. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five replications, in a 3 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement, with three priming factors [water, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and potassium nitrate (KNO3)], three germination conditions (distilled water, and the water potentials of -0.6 and -1.2 MPa), and an additional control treatment (unprimed seeds). The following determinations were made: germination count at seven and fourteen days, germination speed index, primary root length, shoot length, and total length. SNP protects seeds, leading to a higher percentage of germination, as well as greater root growth and total seedling size, whereas KNO3 is not effective in protecting seeds that suffer from salt stress, which affects their physiological and morphological characteristics. E. urophylla seeds are sensitive to salt stress, and physiological priming with SNP leads to an increase in the percentage of germination, vigor, and seedling development under salinity conditions.

scholarly journals Influence of priming on Eucalyptus spp seeds' tolerance to salt stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Cleiton José ◽  
Natália Cristina Nogueira Silva ◽  
José Marcio Rocha Faria ◽  
Wilson Vicente Souza Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Germination Speed ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Abstract: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of priming on the germination of Eucalyptus urophylla and of hybrid E. urophylla × E. grandis seeds under salt stress. Two osmotic potentials (-1.0 and -1.5 MPa) were tested, using PEG 6000 for 1 and 3 days. After priming, seeds were germinated under salt stress in a NaCl solution at 0.0 (control), -0.5, -0.75 and -1.0 MPa potentials, at 25 °C. Seed germination and germination speed index decreased as the water potential of the germination medium decreased. However, E. urophylla was more tolerant to salt stress; it showed a higher germination percentage under all tested potentials, when compared to the hybrid. The osmotic conditioning at -1.0 MPa for three days was more effective when E. urophylla x E. grandis was germinated in a salt solution at -1.0 MPa, indicating that this treatment was more effective in inducing tolerance to salt stress.

scholarly journals Leaf anatomy and morphometry in three eucalypt clones treated with glyphosate

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
LD. Tuffi Santos ◽  
BF. Sant'Anna-Santos ◽  
RMSA. Meira ◽  
FA. Ferreira ◽  
RAS. Tiburcio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Palisade Parenchyma ◽  
Microscopic Scale ◽  
Blade Thickness ◽  
Glyphosate Drift

This work aimed to evaluate the effects of simulated drift of glyphosate on the morphoanatomy of three eucalypt clones and to correlate the intoxication symptoms on a microscopic scale with those observed in this visual analysis. The effects of glyphosate drift were proportional to the five doses tested, with Eucalyptus urophylla being more tolerant to the herbicide than E. grandis and urograndis hybrid. The symptoms of intoxication which were similar for the different clones at 7 and 15 days after application were characterized by leaf wilting, chlorosis and curling and, at the highest rates, by necrosis, leaf senescence and death. Anatomically glyphosate doses higher than 86.4 g.ha-1 caused cellular plasmolysis, hypertrophy and hyperplasia, formation of the cicatrization tissue and dead cells on the adaxial epidermis. The spongy parenchyma had a decrease, and the palisade parenchyma and leaf blade thickness had an increase. The increased thickness in leaf blade and palisade parenchyma may be related to the plant response to glyphosate action, as a form of recovering the photosynthetically active area reduced by necroses and leaf senescence caused by the herbicide.

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