Response of Reed Canary Grass to Salt Stress during Seed Germination and Vegetative Stage

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5355-5362
Author(s):  
Li Li Cong ◽  
Xin Quan Zhang ◽  
Yong Xiang Li ◽  
Kai Kai Cheng ◽  
Yun Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Germinated Seeds

The aim of this experiment was to determine the responses of reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) to salt stress during germination and vegetative growth. Therefore, effects of salinity (0, 50, 100,150, 200,250mMNaCl) on germination, changes in the percentage of germination, abnormal seedling and un-germinated seeds of two germplasms (Zxy06p-2449 and Zxy06p-2653) during germination under stress were determined. Moreover, during vegetative growth(40d old plants), changes in superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD), catalase (CAT), electrolyte leakage were also investigated after salt treatment for 5,10 and 15d. Salt stress decreased the germination percentage. Few seeds germinated at 200mMNaCl, abnormal seedlings and un-germinated seeds increased significantly under the higher salt concentration. During vegetative growth, increased activities of SOD, in 50,100 and 150mMNaCl treated-plants may help to avoid oxidative damage. Differential responses of antioxidant enzymes to salt stress during germination and vegetative growth suggested different antioxidant metabolism in reed canary grass. From the results obtained in present study, it can be suggested that reed canary grass is a moderately salt-tolerant specie with considerable germplasm differences. Zxy06p-2449 and Zxy06p-2653 will not be survive in long-term (>15d) salt treatment under 150mMNaCl, especially Zxy06p-2653 which shown more sensitive under higher salt concentrations

SPECIES COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF LONG-TERM MID-SEASON CEREAL GRASS STANDS AT DIFFERENT MODES OF MOWING USE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Zhezmer
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Self Renewal ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Canary Grass

The use of the biological potential of self-renewal of the awnless brome and reed canary grass makes it possible to preserve the valuable species composition of long-term (23–25th years of use) mid-season agrocenoses. The productivity of grass stands against the background of the recommended doses of N90-180P20-40K100-150 fertilizers is 8.3–8.4 t/ha dry matter with two cuts and 9.1–9.6 t/ha with three cuts.

scholarly journals Bazı Turp Çeşitlerinin Tuza Tolerans Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi ve Tuzlu Koşullarda Çimlenme Üzerine Salisilik Asidin Etkinliğinin Değerlendirilmesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Kamile Ulukapı ◽  
Ayşe Gül Nasırcılar ◽  
Zehra Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
High Level ◽  
Red Radish ◽  
White Radish

This study was conducted to determine tolerance levels of different radish varieties (white, black, red, little red radish) under salt stress conditions and to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on germination and vegetative development. For this purpose; germination percentage (%), germination time (day), germination index calculated, and then number of leaves, shoot length (cm), root length (cm), leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), stem diameter (mm), plant fresh and dry weights (g) were measured. Radish seeds were germinated at control, 100 mM, 150 mM and 200 mM salt concentrations. Salt stress did not inhibit germination at a high level but negatively affected the vegetative growth of plants. According to the results of the statistical analysis of the data obtained, 150 mM was determined as the threshold value. Then, SA was applied to seeds treated with 150 mM salt concentration at different doses (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00 mM). SA had a positive effect on germination in saline conditions in general and it was concluded that 0.50 mM SA could be applied for germination percentages in all cultivars. However, 1 mM SA inhibited the germination of big red and little red radish cultivars, causing sudden and severe germination losses (10%, 8%, respectively). The effects of SA on vegetative growth parameters differed by cultivar and it was found to be inhibitory in terms of vegetative growth characteristics of white radish cultivar. On the other hand, 0.50 mM SA in black and big red, 0.75 mM SA in little red cultivar gave promoting results for vegetative growth.

scholarly journals QTL mapping in an interspecific sorghum population uncovers candidate regulators of salinity tolerance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley N. Hostetler ◽  
Rajanikanth Govindarajulu ◽  
Jennifer S. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Sorghum Propinquum ◽  
Osmotic Tolerance ◽  
Grain Crop

AbstractSalt stress impedes plant growth and disrupts normal metabolic processes, resulting in decreased biomass and increased leaf senescence. Therefore, the ability of a plant to maintain biomass when exposed to salinity stress is critical for the production of salt tolerant crops. To identify the genetic basis of salt tolerance in an agronomically important grain crop, we used a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from an interspecific cross between domesticated Sorghum bicolor (inbred Tx7000) and a wild relative, Sorghum propinquum, which have been shown to differ in response to salt exposure. One-hundred seventy-seven F3:5 RILs were exposed to either a control or salt treatment and seven traits related to plant growth and overall health were assessed. A high-density genetic map that covers the 10 Sorghum chromosomes with 1991 markers was used to identify nineteen total QTL related to these traits, ten of which were specific to the salt stress response. Salt-responsive QTL contain numerous genes that have been previously shown to play a role in ionic tolerance, tissue tolerance, and osmotic tolerance, including a large number of aquaporins.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF HERBAL RAW MATERIALS AND NUTRIENT REMOVAL IN LONG-TERM MID-RIPENING THREE-CUT CEREAL STANDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
Natalya Zhezmer
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Third ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Brome Grass

The studies were conducted on long-term (1–34th years of use) mid-ripening three-cut agrocenoses. It was found that during irrigation and application of N260P75K220, an increase in the yield of 1 ha compared to non-irrigated grasses when feeding N180P35K160 amounted to 21–23% on the agrocenoses with awnless brome grass and 30–31% with reed canary grass. Consumption of nitrogen by herbs increased by 20–24 (herbage with awnless brome grass) and 27–29% (with reed canary grass), and phosphorus (P2O5) — by 20–25 and 34–35%. The increase in the removal of potassium and calcium during irrigation did not depend on the composition of agrocenoses and amounted to 17–22 (for K2O) and 47–51% (for CaO). With each centner of dry matter is carried out: 2.1–2.2 kg of nitrogen; 2.2–2.4 K2O; 0.6–0.7 P2O5 and 0.6–0.8 kg CaO. Some of these substances are extracted from the grass soil. To maintain the productivity of grass stands at a high level with long-term intensive use of the meadow, the reserves of nutrients available to herbs in the soil are not enough. Multi-cut use of agrocenoses is possible only with the systematic feeding of each subsequent mowing with optimal doses of fertilizers. In the mowing conveyor system, mid-season grass stands allow to extend the harvesting period of high-quality green mass for haylage and silage by 7–10 days in each mowing. The obtained grass raw materials on three-mowing agrocenoses (during irrigation and without irrigation) in terms of the content of crude protein and crude cellulose meet the requirements of GOST in the first mowing on grass stands with awnless brome – the second class, with reed canary grass – of the third class. In the second mowing of all agrocenoses, the raw material mass corresponded to the second class, in the third mowing – to the first class. According to the content of macronutrients (phosphorus, potassium and calcium) in the dry matter of grass raw materials obtained on agrocenoses with awnless brome and reed canary grass during irrigation and natural moisture, the green mass corresponds to zootechnical norms of animal feeding. The use of high-quality bulky feeds prepared from the green mass of the middle link of the raw material conveyor will reduce the consumption of concentrates and mineral additives in the winter diet of animals.

Phenotypic and physiological responses of two willow varieties to salt stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Huwei Yuan ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Yujuan Li ◽  
Xiangjian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Timber Tree ◽  
Salix Matsudana ◽  
Phenotypic Development

Willows are one of the most important landscaping, biofuel, and raw timber tree species in the world. Cultivating fast-growing, salt-tolerant willow varieties is an effective way to balance wood supply and demand in China. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of the phenotypic development and physiological responses of two willow varieties, Salix L0911 (L0911) and Salix matsudana (SM), to salt stress. L0911 developed more biomass than SM and demonstrated higher tolerance to long-term exposures to NaCl-salinity. The two varieties demonstrated similar trends of physiological changes under salt stress, but the extent of the induced responses were higher in L0911, suggesting the involvement of specific responses in the salt-tolerant mechanism. Specifically, the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, soluble proteins and proline contents were higher in L0911 compared to SM, and the content of malondialdehyde and Na+ and Na+/K+ ratios were lower, demonstrating that the improved tolerance to salinity in L0911 is based on antioxidant response and improved ion selectivity.

scholarly journals Isolation of the P5CS gene from reed canary grass and its expression under salt stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 9122-9133 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.L. Cong ◽  
X.Q. Zhang ◽  
F.Y. Yang ◽  
S.J. Liu ◽  
Y.W. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Reed Canary Grass ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
P5cs Gene

scholarly journals Spermidine priming promotes germination of deteriorated seeds and reduced salt stressed damage in rice seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12130
Author(s):  
Piyada THEERAKULPISUT ◽  
Noppawan NOUNJAN ◽  
Netnapit KUMON-SA
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Rice Seedlings ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Reduced Salt

Deterioration of seeds is an important problem leading to low germination and uneven crop establishment causing poor crop growth and productivity. Soil salinity is another factor limiting crop cultivation. Spermidine (Spd) is a compound widely reported for diminishing adverse effects of salt stress in plants. In this study, the effects of Spd priming on normal and deteriorated rice seeds were investigated under salt stress during germination and young seedling stages. Rice seeds were primed with H2O and Spd solutions for 24 h before germination. All rice seeds were grown in Petri dishes containing 5 ml of deionized water with 0 (control) or 150 mM NaCl (salt treatment) for 1-10 d. The results showed that priming groups had higher germination percentage (GP) and germination index (GI) in both normal and deteriorated seeds. Moreover, deteriorated seeds primed with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM Spd showed significantly higher GP and GI than H2O-primed and non-primed seeds. During early hours of hydration, Spd-primed seeds produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) faster and at higher level than non-priming and H2O priming groups in both control and saline conditions. Earlier accumulation of ROS was associated with more rapid germination. In young seedlings, salinity stress caused a marked decrease in growth and increased membrane damage indicated by higher malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL). Conversely, Spd priming increased growth and reduced membrane damage of rice seedlings established from normal and deteriorated seeds under salt stress. The finding suggested that Spd priming can effectively improve germination of deteriorated seeds and enhance seedling growth under control and salt stress conditions.

Heat wave effects on biomass and vegetative growth of macrophytes after long-term adaptation to different temperatures: a mesocosm study

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Cao ◽  
ÉM Neif ◽  
W Li ◽  
J Coppens ◽  
N Filiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Different Temperatures

Salinity Tolerance of Black Gram Cultivars During Germination and Early Seedling Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Hasan ◽  
M.S. Islam ◽  
M.R. Islam ◽  
H.N. Ismaan ◽  
A. El Sabagh
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Black Gram

Abstract A laboratory experiment regarding germination and seedling growth test was conducted with three black gram genotypes tested under three salinity levels (0, 75 and 150 mM), for 10 days, in sand culture within small plastic pot, to investigate the germination and seedling growth characteristics. Different germination traits of all black gram genotypes, like germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) greatly reduced, as well as mean germination time (MGT) increased with increasing salt stress. At high salt stress, BARI Mash-3 provided the highest GP reduction (28.58%), while the lowest was recorded (15.79% to control) in BARI Mash-1. Salinity have the negative impact on shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights. The highest (50.32% to control) and lowest reduction (36.39%) of shoot length were recorded in BARI Mash-2 and BARI Mash-1, respectively, under 150 mM NaCl saline conditions. There were significant reduction of root lengths, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in all genotypes under saline condition. The genotypes were arranged as BARI Mash-1 > BARI Mash-3 > BARI Mash-2, with respect to salinity tolerance.

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