Blood glucose threshold and the metabolic responses to incremental exercise tests with and without prior lactic acidosis induction

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Gustavo Sim�es ◽  
Carmen S. G. Campbell ◽  
Michael R. Kushnick ◽  
Akiko Nakamura ◽  
Christos S. Katsanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Glucose Threshold

Lactic acidosis had developed in diabetic patients receiving herbal therapy

MedPharmRes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Uyen Vy Doan ◽  
Thanh Thao T. Nguyen ◽  
Thuy An Nguyen ◽  
Van Hoang Lam ◽  
Duong Tien Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Glucose Control ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Severe Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Two Samples

Introduction: Herbal antidiabetic products are popular in Vietnam. Many cases have presented to hospitals with severe lactic acidosis, shock and were ultimately fatal. We reviewed the clinical findings of these patients for factors that contributed to their illness and death, and analyzed the ingredients contained in these herbal products sold for diabetic treatment. Method: This was a single-center, retrospective, observational case series. Data were collected on all cases who presented with severe lactic acidosis after use of traditional herbal anti-diabetic pills, over the two-year time period 2018 – 2019. Past medical histories and clinical findings were reviewed. Samples of the herbal anti-diabetic products, and patient blood and urine were analyzed. Results: A total of 18 cases of severe lactic acidosis associated with use of herbal anti-diabetic pills were reviewed. These patients had a diagnosis of diabetes for an average of 9 years (9.4 ± 4.6 years). The use of these herbals for blood glucose control ranged from one month to 8 years; approximately 50% of these patients consumed these products over a year’s time. Only two cases had combined herbal products and metformin 500 mg. A total mean of herbal pills consumed was 9 (SD ± 8); patients commonly took combinations of 2 different colored tablets. Major manifestations included gastrointestinal disorders, severe metabolic acidosis (pH = 6.85 ± 0.22, HCO3- = 4.4 ± 2.6), with multi-organ failure and shock on admission. Hyperlactatemia was present in all cases (195 ± 74 mg/dL). For lactate removal and acidosis correction, intermittent hemodialysis or continuous renal replacement therapy was performed, ranging from 2 hours to 72 hours depending on the severity of lactic acidosis and patient need. The mortality rate was 33.3% and all these patients became hypoglycemic, either at initial presentation or during treatment. 22 samples of herbal pills were available for testing that contained the biguanides metformin and phenformin, with a higher concentration of phenformin than metformin if both were present, Phenformin was presented in all samples. Arsenic was found in two samples. Conclusion: Biguanides are an effective treatment for diabetes and were added to traditional herbal pills sold and used for blood glucose control. Many users of these products are doing so because of the cost and perception of the safety of natural remedies. Biguanide poisoning may still occur even in patients without renal impairment.

Effects of hyperoxic gas mixtures on energy metabolism during prolonged work

1975 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Wilson ◽  
H. G. Welch ◽  
J. N. Liles
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Co2 Storage ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Average Increase ◽  
Exercise Tests

These experiments were designed to study selected respiratory and metabolic responses to exercise in hyperoxia. Four subjects were examined during 30-min bicycle ergometer rides at both 40% and 80% of their aerobic maximum. The VO2 was significantly increased at both work levels breathing 60% O2 versus 21% O2, while VCO2 showed no significant change during the 40% exercise tests but was significantly decreased during the 80% intensity rides. The average increase in the volume of O2 taken up during 30 min of hyperoxic exercise, compared with normoxia, was 3.3 liters at the 40% exercise level and 5.6 liters at the 80% level. Neither the magnitude of the O2 nor the CO2 storage calculated for the exercise bouts could explain these increases. Steady-state criteria for the gas stores were established by the stable values of PETCO2, VO2, VCO2, and VI from minute 6 through 30 at both work levels. R values decreased during the hyperoxic tests suggesting the possibility of a shift toward increased fatty acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Different Metabolic Responses during Incremental Exercise Assessed by Localized 31P MRS in Sprint and Endurance Athletes and Untrained Individuals

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (08) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pesta ◽  
V. Paschke ◽  
F. Hoppel ◽  
C. Kobel ◽  
C. Kremser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Endurance Athletes ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
31P Mrs

Thermal and metabolic responses to cold by men and by eumenorrheic and amenorrheic women

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Graham ◽  
M. Viswanathan ◽  
J. P. Van Dijk ◽  
A. Bonen ◽  
J. C. George
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
O2 Uptake ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Thermally Responsive ◽  
Progressive Exercise

Previous work has suggested that men (M) are more sensitive to cold stress than women. There have also been observations that suggest that amenorrheic women (AW) are less thermally responsive than eumenorrheic women (EW). We investigated the hypothesis that M, EW, and AW would have different responses to cold stress. The subjects (6/group) were tested four times: twice at rest for 60 min (5 and 22 degrees C) and twice in a progressive exercise test (5 and 22 degrees C). At rest at 22 degrees C AW had a lower O2 uptake (VO2) than M and lower rectal (Tre) and finger temperatures than EW. At rest at 5 degrees C both AW and EW had lower skin temperature (Tsk) than M, but there were no group differences in peripheral Tsk sites. M increased VO2 after 10 min and EW after 20 min of cold stress; however, AW did not increase metabolism until 60 min. In the two exercise tests Tre increased in proportion to relative work load; in the 5 degrees C test there was little evidence that exercise increased Tsk sites above rest levels. Few of the metabolic or thermal differences could be accounted for by body fatness, body surface area (BSA), or BSA/kg. The data support the hypothesis that M, EW, and AW have different responses to cold stress.

Lactic acidosis as a facilitator of oxyhemoglobin dissociation during exercise

1994 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 1462-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Stringer ◽  
K. Wasserman ◽  
R. Casaburi ◽  
J. Porszasz ◽  
K. Maehara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Ergometer Exercise ◽  
Constant Work Rate ◽  
Slow Rise ◽  
Lactic Acidosis Threshold

The slow rise in O2 uptake (VO2), which has been shown to be linearly correlated with the increase in lactate concentration during heavy constant work rate exercise, led us to investigate the role of H+ from lactic acid in facilitating oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) dissociation. We measured femoral venous PO2, O2Hb saturation, pH, PCO2, lactate, and standard HCO3- during increasing work rate and two constant work rate cycle ergometer exercise tests [below and above the lactic acidosis threshold (LAT)] in two groups of five healthy subjects. Mean end-exercise femoral vein blood and VO2 values for the below- and above-LAT square waves and the increasing work rate protocol were, respectively, PO2 of 19.8 +/- 2.1 (SD), 18.8 +/- 4.7, and 19.8 +/- 3.3 Torr; O2 saturation of 22.5 +/- 4.1, 13.8 +/- 4.2, and 18.5 +/- 6.3%; pH of 7.26 +/- 0.01, 7.02 +/- 0.11, and 7.09 +/- 0.07; lactate of 1.9 +/- 0.9, 11.0 +/- 3.8, and 8.3 +/- 2.9 mmol/l; and VO2 of 1.77 +/- 0.24, 3.36 +/- 0.4, and 3.91 +/- 0.68 l/min. End-exercise femoral vein PO2 did not differ statistically for the three protocols, whereas O2Hb saturation continued to decrease for work rates above LAT. We conclude that decreasing capillary PO2 accounted for most of the O2Hb dissociation during below-LAT exercise and that acidification of muscle capillary blood due to lactic acidosis accounted for virtually all of the O2Hb dissociation above LAT.

Cardiorespiratory responses during three repeated incremental exercise tests in sickle cell trait carriers

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Marlin ◽  
Philippe Connes ◽  
Sophie Antoine-Jonville ◽  
Julien Tripette ◽  
Mona Montout-Hedreville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Responses

Human and porcine insulins are equally effective in the regulation of glucose kinetics of diabetic patients during exercise

1984 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 500-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veikko A. Koivisto ◽  
Risto Pelkonen ◽  
Esko A. Nikkilä ◽  
Lise G. Heding
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hepatic Glucose Production ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Insulin Binding ◽  
Porcine Insulin ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Kinetics ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Metabolic Conditions ◽  
Insulin Dependent Diabetic

Abstract. The rate of hepatic glucose production (Ra) and peripheral utilization (Rd) was determined in 8 insulin-dependent diabetic subjects in basal state and during 40 min cycle ergometric exercise. The patients were treated with continuous sc infusion of either semisynthetic human or porcine (Actrapid®) insulin. Basal rate of glucose production was comparable during human (2.29 ± 0.19 mg/kg/min) and porcine (2.18 ± 0.12 mg/kg/min) insulin therapy. In response to exercise, Ra rose 30 to 40% (P < 0.05), to 2.85 ± 0.35 vs 3.18 ± 0.42 mg/kg/min, similarly during both studies. The peak rise in Rd (to 3.20 ± 0.32 during human vs 3.78 ± 0.44 mg/kg/min during porcine insulin) was comparable in both groups and not significantly different from the rise in Ra. Consequently, blood glucose levels remained unchanged. During the exercise tests, the metabolic conditions were stable and comparable in both studies, as indicated by similar levels of blood glucose, plasma free insulin HbA1, serum lipids and insulin binding to erythrocytes. In conclusion, semisynthetic human insulin is equally effective as porcine insulin in regulating glucose kinetics in the basal state and during exercise.

A Prediction Model for Peak Power Output From Different Incremental Exercise Tests

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Luttikholt ◽  
Lars R. McNaughton ◽  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
David J. Bentley
Keyword(s):  
Power Output ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Peak Power Output ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Power Profile ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Context:There is currently no model that predicts peak power output (PPO) thereby allowing comparison between different incremental exercise test (EXT) protocols. In this study we have used the critical power profile to develop a mathematical model for predicting PPO from the results of different EXTs.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the level of agreement between actual PPO values and those predicted from the new model.Methods:Eleven male athletes (age 25 ± 5 years, VO2max 62 ± 8 mL · kg–1 · min–1) completed 3 laboratory tests on a cycle ergometer. Each test comprised an EXT consisting of 1-minute workload increments of 30 W (EXT30/1) and 3-minute (EXT25/3) and 5-minute workload increments (EXT25/5) of 25 W. The PPO determined from each test was used to predict the PPO from the remaining 2 EXTs.Results:The differences between actual and predicted PPO values were statistically insignificant (P > .05). The random error components of the limits of agreement of ≤30 W also indicated acceptable levels of agreement between actual and predicted PPO values.Conclusions:Further data collection is necessary to confirm whether the model is able to predict PPO over a wide range of EXT protocols in athletes of different aerobic and anaerobic capacities.

HEART RATE DEFLECTION, HEART RATE TURN POINT, AND MAXLASS IN DIFFERENT INCREMENTAL EXERCISE TESTS

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. S182
Author(s):  
I Floimayr ◽  
R Pokan ◽  
P Hofmann ◽  
S P. von Duvillard ◽  
P Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Incremental Exercise ◽  
Turn Point ◽  
Exercise Tests
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