Prevalence and risk factors of sleep disturbances in breast cancersurvivors: systematic review and meta-analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 4401-4433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Leysen ◽  
Astrid Lahousse ◽  
Jo Nijs ◽  
Nele Adriaenssens ◽  
Olivier Mairesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Saprochaete clavata Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients: Systematic Review of Cases and Report of the First Oral Manifestation, Focusing on Differential Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2385
Author(s):  
Carlo Lajolo ◽  
Rupe Cosimo ◽  
Schiavelli Anna ◽  
Gioco Gioele ◽  
Metafuni Elisabetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Oral Manifestation ◽  
First Case ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Background: Saprochaete clavata infection is an emerging issue in immunosuppressed patients, causing fulminant fungaemia. The purpose of this systematic review of cases is to retrieve all cases of S. clavata infection and describe oral lesions as the first manifestation of S. clavata infection. Methods: We report the first case of intraoral S. clavata infection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) affected subject, presenting as multiple grayish rapidly growing ulcerated swellings, and provide a review of all published cases of infection caused by S. clavata, according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, conducted by searching SCOPUS, Medline, and CENTRAL databases. Only articles in English were considered. Individual patient data were analyzed to identify risk factors for S. clavata infection. Results: Seventeen of 68 retrieved articles were included in the review reporting data on 96 patients (mean age 51.8 years, 57 males and 38 females). Most cases were disseminated (86) with a 60.2% mortality rate. Ninety-five were hematological patients, with AML being the most common (57 cases). Conclusions:S. clavata infection in immunosuppressed patients has a poor prognosis: middle-age patients, male gender and Acute Myeloid Leukemia should be considered risk factors. In immunosuppressed patients, the clinical presentation can be particularly unusual, imposing difficult differential diagnosis, as in the reported case.

scholarly journals Systematic review of evidence underpinning non-pharmacological therapies in dementia

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Olley ◽  
Andrea Morales
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective Dementia is one of the most common illnesses worldwide, and is one of the most important causes of disability in older people. Currently, dementia affects over 35 million people around the globe. It is expected that this number will increase to 65.7 million by 2030. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment to control the principal behaviour symptoms may help reduce these numbers and delay the progression to more advanced and dangerous stages of this disorder with resultant increase quality of life for those affected. The main goal of the present systematic literature review was to examine contemporary evidence relating to non-pharmacological therapy in the treatment of dementia. Methods To achieve the study goal, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement was used. Results This study identified the five most common behaviours in patients with dementia as aggression, wandering, agitation, apathy and sleep disturbances. Two non-pharmacological therapies were the most studied treatment: music therapy and aromatherapy. Ten other non-pharmacological therapies were also identified, but these lack a sufficient evidence-base. Conclusion Although all the therapies identified could be used as part of the treatment of behavioural symptoms, there is insufficient evidence relating to the indications, appropriate use and effectiveness of these therapies to apply in each behavioural treatment. Thus, the present study has demonstrated a significant research gap. What is known about the topic? Despite the widespread use of many different types of therapies, there is limited evidence regarding the efficacy of non-pharmaceutical therapies deployed in the management of behaviours of concern manifested by some people who suffer with dementia in all its forms. What does this paper add? This systematic review examines contemporary evidence from the literature to determine whether there is an evidence base available that would underpin the use of these therapies. This report on a PRISMA systematic review of the available literature demonstrates that only two therapies have some evidence to underpin the use of these non-pharmaceutical therapies and that a significant research gap is exists. What are the implications for practitioners? The implications for practitioners is that significant research effort is required to determine the efficacy of many of the therapies that are currently deployed, and thus many of the therapies used lack an evidence base at this time.

scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for Plasmodium spp. co-infection with hepatitis B virus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui ◽  
Manas Kotepui
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Plasmodium spp. and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are among the most common infectious diseases in underdeveloped countries. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection in people living in endemic areas of both diseases and to assess the risk factors related to this co-infection. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched. Observational cross-sectional studies and retrospective studies assessing the prevalence of Plasmodium species and HBV co-infection were examined. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), a tool for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses, and heterogeneity among the included studies was assessed with Cochran's Q test and the I2 (inconsistency) statistic. The pooled prevalence of the co-infection and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using the random-effects model, depending on the amount of heterogeneity there was among the included studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) represented the difference in qualitative variables, whereas the pooled mean difference (MD) represented the difference in quantitative variables. Meta-analyses of the potential risk factors for Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection, including patient age and gender, were identified and represented as pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs. Publication bias among the included studies was assessed by visual inspection of a funnel plot to search for asymmetry. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the present systematic review and meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence estimate of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection was 6% (95% CI 4–7%, Cochran's Q statistic < 0.001, I2: 95.8%), with prevalences of 10% in Gambia (95% CI: 8–12%, weight: 4.95%), 8% in Italy (95% CI 5–12%, weight: 3.8%), 7% in Nigeria (95% CI 4–10%, weight: 53.5%), and 4% in Brazil (95% CI 2–5%, weight: 19.9%). The pooled prevalence estimate of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection was higher in studies published before 2015 (7%, 95% CI 4–9%, Cochran's Q statistic < 0.001, I2: 96%) than in those published since 2015 (3%, 95% CI 1–5%, Cochran's Q statistic < 0.001, I2: 81.3%). No difference in age and risk of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection group was found between the Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection and the Plasmodium monoinfection group (p: 0.48, OR: 1.33, 95% CI 0.60–2.96). No difference in gender and risk of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection group was found between the Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection and HBV co-infection group and the Plasmodium monoinfection group (p: 0.09, OR: 2.79, 95% CI 0.86–9.10). No differences in mean aspartate aminotransferase (AST), mean alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or mean total bilirubin levels were found (p > 0.05) between the Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection group and the Plasmodium monoinfection group. Conclusions The present study revealed the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. and HBV co-infection, which will help in understanding co-infection and designing treatment strategies. Future studies assessing the interaction between Plasmodium spp. and HBV are recommended.

scholarly journals Almond Consumption and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A Lee-Bravatti ◽  
Jifan Wang ◽  
Esther E Avendano ◽  
Ligaya King ◽  
Elizabeth J Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that eating nuts may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating almond consumption and risk factors for CVD. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, and previous systematic reviews were searched from 1990 through June 2017 for RCTs of ≥3 wk duration that evaluated almond compared with no almond consumption in adults who were either healthy or at risk for CVD. The most appropriate stratum was selected with an almond dose closer to 42.5 g, with a control most closely matched for macronutrient composition, energy intake, and similar intervention duration. The outcomes included risk factors for CVD. Random-effects model meta-analyses and subgroup meta-analyses were performed. Fifteen eligible trials analyzed a total of 534 subjects. Almond intervention significantly decreased total cholesterol (summary net change: −10.69 mg/dL; 95% CI: −16.75, −4.63 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (summary net change: −5.83 mg/dL; 95% CI: −9.91, −1.75 mg/dL); body weight (summary net change: −1.39 kg; 95% CI: −2.49, −0.30 kg), HDL cholesterol (summary net change: −1.26 mg/dL; 95% CI: −2.47, −0.05 mg/dL), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) (summary net change: −6.67 mg/dL; 95% CI: −12.63, −0.72 mg/dL). Triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, apolipoprotein A1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein (a) showed no difference between almond and control in the main and subgroup analyses. Fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index significantly decreased with almond consumption of >42.5 g compared with ≤42.5 g. Almond consumption may reduce the risk of CVD by improving blood lipids and by decreasing body weight and apoB. Substantial heterogeneity in eligible studies regarding almond interventions and dosages precludes firmer conclusions.

Risk Factors for Multiple Myeloma: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 563-577.e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodoros N. Sergentanis ◽  
Flora Zagouri ◽  
Gerasimos Tsilimidos ◽  
Anastasia Tsagianni ◽  
Melina Tseliou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Meta Analyses

Describing the Mental Health Profile of First Responders: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Multiple Services ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND: First responders (FRs) are responsible for providing multiple services during various critical events. Considering the frequency, nature, and intensity of duty-related traumatic exposures, the cumulative impact on FRs’ mental health is of paramount importance. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this systematic review was to describe how duty-related trauma exposure can affect the comprehensive mental health profile of FRs, including firefighters, emergency medical technicians, and paramedics. DESIGN: Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a literature search was conducted using keywords related to FRs and mental health. RESULTS: Twenty-seven data-based articles met eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review. Studies explored various mental health concerns, including posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, suicidality, anxiety, alcohol use, and sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS: Findings pose significant implications for psychiatric nurses in practice and research, including the need for tailored strategies to meet the mental health needs of this at-risk population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intracranial Aneurysm in Patients with Aortopathy: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Yu ◽  
Liangtao Xia ◽  
Qingqing Jiang ◽  
Yupeng Wei ◽  
Xiang Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Aortic Disease ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose Patients with aortic disease might have an increased risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA). We conducted this research to assess the prevalence of IA in patients with aortopathy, considering the impact of gender, age, and cardiovascular risk factors.Methods We searched PubMed and Scopus from inception to August 2019 for epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of IA in patients with aortopathy. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall prevalence, and the effect of risk factors on the prevalence was also evaluated. Anatomical location of IAs in patients suffered from distinct aortic disease was extracted and further analyzed.Results Thirteen cross-sectional studies involving 4,041 participants were included in this systematic review. We reported an estimated prevalence of 12% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9% to 14%) of IA in patients with aortopathy. The pooled prevalence of IA in patients with bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta, aortic aneurysm, and aortic dissection was 8% (95% CI, 6% to 10%), 10% (95% CI, 7% to 14%), 12% (95% CI, 9% to 15%), and 23% (95% CI, 12% to 34%), respectively. Gender (female) and smoking are risk factors related to an increased risk of IA. The anatomical distribution of IAs was heterogeneously between participants with different aortic disease.Conclusions According to current epidemiological evidence, the prevalence of IA in patients with aortic disease is quadrupled compared to that in the general population, which suggests that an early IA screening should be considered among patients with aortic disease for timely diagnosis and treatment of IA.

scholarly journals Looking beyond the obvious: a critical systematic review and meta-analyses of risk factors for fertility problems in a globalized world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha R Bayoumi ◽  
Jacky Boivin ◽  
Human M Fatemi ◽  
Lisa Hurt ◽  
Gamal I Serour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Fertility Problems ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Background: Well-established risk factors for fertility problems such as smoking have been included in fertility awareness efforts globally. However, these efforts neglect risks that women in low and middle-income countries (LMIC) face. Objective: To address this gap, we identified eight risk factors affecting women in LMIC and the aim of the current review was to estimate the impact of these risks on fertility. Methods: We conducted systematic reviews and where data was available meta-analyses. We searched Medline, Embase, Cochrane library, regional databases and key organizational websites (1946-June 2016, updated January 2018, latest update taking place in 2021). Two researchers screened and extracted data independently. We included all study designs that assessed exposure to risk in clinical or community-based samples and excluded studies without control groups. The outcome of interest was fertility problems (inability to achieve pregnancy or live birth and neonatal death). We calculated pooled effect estimates from reported effect sizes or raw data. We assessed study quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We registered the review with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42016048497. Results: We identified 2,418 studies and included 61 (57 in meta-analyses). Results revealed a nine-fold increased risk of inability to become pregnant in genital tuberculosis (OR 8.91, CI 1.89-42.12) and almost threefold in HIV (OR 2.93, CI 1.95-4.42) and bacterial vaginosis (OR 2.81, CI 1.85-4.27). A twofold increased risk of tubal-factor infertility in Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting [Type II/III] (OR 2.06, CI 1.03-4.15) and increased post-natal mortality in consanguinity (stillbirth, OR 1.28, CI 1.04-1.57; neonatal death, OR 1.57, CI 1.22-2.02). Strength and limitations: Reliability of results was bolstered by a rigorous systematic review methodology that is replicable but limited by methodological shortcomings of the available primary studies and the small number of studies in each meta-analysis. Conclusions: The risk factors investigated appeared to impact the reproductive process through multiple biological, behavioural, and clinical pathways. Additionally, infection and pelvic inflammatory disease seemed to be common pathways for several risk factors. The complex multifactorial risk profile can be addressed by LMIC using a global health framework to determine which risk factors are significant to their populations and how to tackle them. The subsequent health promotion encompassing these relevant health indicators could translate into more prevention and effective early detection of fertility problems in LMIC. Finally, the findings of multifactorial risk reinforced the need to put fertility as an agenda in global health initiatives.

scholarly journals Sex Disparities in Cardiovascular Risk Factor Assessment and Screening for Diabetes-Related Complications in Individuals With Diabetes: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marit de Jong ◽  
Sanne A. E. Peters ◽  
Rianneke de Ritter ◽  
Carla J. H. van der Kallen ◽  
Simone J. S. Sep ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Sex Disparities ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Substantial Heterogeneity

BackgroundInsight in sex disparities in the detection of cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications may improve diabetes care. The aim of this systematic review is to study whether sex disparities exist in the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications.MethodsPubMed was systematically searched up to April 2020, followed by manual reference screening and citations checks (snowballing) using Google Scholar. Observational studies were included if they reported on the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors (HbA1c, lipids, blood pressure, smoking status, or BMI) and/or screening for nephropathy, retinopathy, or performance of feet examinations, in men and women with diabetes separately. Studies adjusting their analyses for at least age, or when age was considered as a covariable but left out from the final analyses for various reasons (i.e. backward selection), were included for qualitative analyses. No meta-analyses were planned because substantial heterogeneity between studies was expected. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale for cohort studies was used to assess risk of bias.ResultsOverall, 81 studies were included. The majority of the included studies were from Europe or North America (84%).The number of individuals per study ranged from 200 to 3,135,019 and data were extracted from various data sources in a variety of settings. Screening rates varied considerably across studies. For example, screening rates for retinopathy ranged from 13% to 90%, with half the studies reporting screening rates less than 50%. Mixed findings were found regarding the presence, magnitude, and direction of sex disparities with regard to the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications, with some evidence suggesting that women, compared with men, may be more likely to receive retinopathy screening and less likely to receive foot exams.ConclusionOverall, no consistent pattern favoring men or women was found with regard to the assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and screening for diabetes-related complications, and screening rates can be improved for both sexes.

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