Comparison of anterior-only versus combined anterior and posterior fusion for unstable subaxial cervical injuries: a meta-analysis of biomechanical and clinical studies

Bladder cancer (BCa) is an endocrine-related tumour and the activation of androgen signalling pathways may promote bladder tumorigenesis. We summarized the available preclinical and clinical evidence on the implications of the manipulation of androgen signalling pathways on the outcomes of BCa therapies. A systematic review was performed in December 2020. We included papers that met the following criteria: original preclinical and clinical research; evaluating the impact of androgen signalling modulation on the outcomes of BCa therapies. Six preclinical and eight clinical studies were identified. The preclinical evidence demonstrates that the modulation of androgen receptor-related pathways has the potential to interfere with the activity of the Bacillus Calmette Guerin, doxorubicin, cisplatin, gemcitabine, and radiotherapy. The relative risk of BCa recurrence after transurethral resection of the bladder tumour (TURBT) is significantly lower in patients undergoing therapy with 5 alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) (Relative risk: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.30–0.82; p = 0.006). Subgroup analysis in patients receiving 5-ARIs revealed a relative risk of BCa recurrence of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.22–0.95; p = 0.040). A significant negative association between the ratio of T1 BCa patients in treated/control groups and the relative risk of BCa recurrence was observed. Therapy with 5-ARIs may represent a potential strategy aimed at reducing BCa recurrence rate, mainly in patients with low stage disease. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary data.

Download Full-text

The Effectiveness of Osseodensification Drilling Protocol for Implant Site Osteotomy: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14051147 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1147

Author(s):

Alessio Danilo Inchingolo ◽

Angelo Michele Inchingolo ◽

Ioana Roxana Bordea ◽

Edit Xhajanka ◽

Donato Mario Romeo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Site Preparation ◽

Insertion Torque ◽

Local Bone ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Drilling Technique ◽

Bone To Implant Contact ◽

Implant Site Preparation

Many different osteotomy procedures has been proposed in the literature for dental implant site preparation. The osseodensification is a drilling technique that has been proposed to improve the local bone quality and implant stability in poor density alveolar ridges. This technique determines an expansion of the implant site by increasing the density of the adjacent bone. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of the osseodensification technique for implant site preparation through a literature review and meta-analysis. The database electronic research was performed on PubMed (Medline) database for the screening of the scientific papers. A total of 16 articles have been identified suitable for the review and qualitative analysis—11 clinical studies (eight on animals, three on human subjects), four literature reviews, and one case report. The meta-analysis was performed to compare the bone-to-implant contact % (BIC), bone area fraction occupied % (BAFO), and insertion torque of clockwise and counter-clockwise osseodensification procedure in animal studies. The included articles reported a significant increase in the insertion torque of the implants positioned through the osseodensification protocol compared to the conventional drilling technique. Advantages of this new technique are important above all when the patient has a strong missing and/or low quantity of bone tissue. The data collected until the drafting of this paper detect an improvement when the osseodensification has been adopted if compared to the conventional technique. A significant difference in BIC and insertion torque between the clockwise and counter-clockwise osseodensification procedure was reported, with no difference in BAFO measurements between the two approaches. The effectiveness of the present study demonstrated that the osseodensification drilling protocol is a useful technique to obtain increased implant insertion torque and bone to implant contact (BIC) in vivo. Further randomized clinical studies are required to confirm these pieces of evidence in human studies.

Download Full-text

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis of non-clinical studies

Gene Reports ◽

10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101265 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101265

Author(s):

Fereshteh Hasanpour ◽

Zohreh Neyestani ◽

Mohsen Arzanlou ◽

Eslam Moradi-Asl ◽

Amirhossein Sahebkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽

Vancomycin Resistant

Download Full-text

Meta-analysis of stomatitis in clinical studies of everolimus: incidence and relationship with efficacy

Annals of Oncology ◽

10.1093/annonc/mdv595 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 519-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

H.S. Rugo ◽

G.N. Hortobagyi ◽

J. Yao ◽

M. Pavel ◽

A. Ravaud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Studies ◽

Meta Analysis

Download Full-text

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Mechanoreceptors and their Potential Importance in Remnant-Preserving Reconstruction: A Review of Basic Science and Clinical Findings

The Journal of Knee Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1608941 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (08) ◽

pp. 736-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jonathan Kosy ◽

Vipul Mandalia

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Posterior Cruciate Ligament ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Basic Science ◽

Animal Studies ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Future Research ◽

Remnant Preservation ◽

Anterior Cruciate

AbstractMechanoreceptors, within the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), are believed to have importance in proprioception, contributing to dynamic knee stability. The potential for reinnervation of the ACL graft is one of the proposed advantages of remnant-preserving reconstruction. The aim of this review is to summarize advances in the basic science underpinning this function, alongside recent clinical studies, to define the current role for remnant-preservation.A comprehensive systematic review was performed using PubMed and Medline searches. Studies were analyzed with particular focus placed on the methodology used to either identify mechanoreceptors or test proprioception.Contemporary work, using immunohistological staining, has shown mechanoreceptors primarily within proximity to the bony attachments of the ACL (peripherally in the subsynovial layer). The number of these receptors has been shown to decrease rapidly, following rupture, with adhesion to the posterior cruciate ligament slowing this decline. Recent studies have shown proprioceptive deficits, in both the injured and contralateral knees, with the clinical relevance of findings limited by testing methodology and the small differences found. The advantages of remnant-preservation, seen primarily in animal studies, have not been shown in systematic reviews or meta-analysis of clinical studies.The potential for reinnervation of the graft is likely time-dependent and reliant on continued loading of the remnant. Therefore, current clinical use and future research should focus on preserving remnants within 6 months of injury that remain loaded by adherence to the posterior cruciate ligament. Subsequent testing should account for central neurological changes and focus on clinically relevant outcomes.

Download Full-text