Conjunctival oedema as a potential objective sign of intracranial hypertension: a short illustrated review and three case reports

2013 ◽  
Vol 155 (11) ◽  
pp. 2159-2163
Author(s):  
Nicholas Toalster ◽  
Rosalind L. Jeffree
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Objective Sign

scholarly journals Subacute Thyroiditis Presenting as Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kanyanatt Boonyatarp ◽  
Kanoksri Samintharapanya ◽  
Thanawat Vongchaiudomchoke ◽  
Nuttaya Wachiraphansakul
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Subacute Thyroiditis ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Brain

Background. Several case reports have illustrated a rare neurological manifestation, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), in patients with thyrotoxicosis. However, none were diagnosed with thyroiditis. We report the case of a patient with subacute thyroiditis who presented with severe intractable headache due to IIH. Case Presentation. A 36-year-old woman visited Lampang Hospital in February 2021 complaining of neck pain and progressive severe intractable headache. Her vital signs and neurological examination were normal. Thyroid examination revealed a single 1 cm right thyroid nodule. A computed tomography (CT) scan of her brain illustrated diffuse brain edema. However, CT angiography and venography of the brain did not show abnormalities. The opening pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid was elevated (27 cmH2O). The free triiodothyronine level was 6.19 pg/mL, free thyroxine was 2.32 ng/dL, and thyroid-stimulating hormone was 0.0083 μIU/mL. Anti-Tg was positive at a low titer, but anti-TPO was negative. TRAb was also negative. Methimazole and acetazolamide were prescribed and monitored. The symptoms resolved completely within 2 weeks of onset. Thyroid hormones had returned to normal by 8 weeks. Conclusion. This is the first case report of subacute thyroiditis presenting with IIH.

Hemifacial Spasm as a Rare Clinical Presentation of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (8) ◽  
pp. 829-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles B. Poff ◽  
Noga Lipschitz ◽  
Gavriel D. Kohlberg ◽  
Joseph T. Breen ◽  
Ravi N. Samy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
First Report ◽  
History Of

Objectives: To report a rare case of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) presenting with hemifacial spasm (HFS) and review the current literature. Methods: Case report and literature review. The patient’s medical record was reviewed for demographic and clinical data. For literature review, all case reports or other publications published in English literature were identified using PUBMED. Results: A 43-year-old obese female presented with a 2-year history of left HFS. Electroencephalography and head computed tomography were unremarkable. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated bilateral anterior inferior cerebellar artery vascular loops involving the internal auditory canals as well as IIH-associated findings. A lumbar puncture was performed and revealed an elevated opening pressure of 26 cm H20 cerebrospinal fluid. Acetazolamide treatment was then initiated, resulting in complete resolution of the HFS. Conclusion: HFS may be a rare presenting manifestation of IIH, and treatment of IIH may result in improvement of HFS symptoms. This is the first report of IIH presenting with HFS in the absence of headache or visual change. As a result, this is the first report of HFS as a presenting manifestation of IIH in Otolaryngology literature.

Interventional and surgical management of internal jugular venous stenosis: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017937
Author(s):  
Sharon Pang ◽  
Andrew R Kolarich ◽  
Waleed Brinjikji ◽  
Peter Nakaji ◽  
Ed Hepworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Internal Jugular Vein ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Endovascular Interventions ◽  
Study Type ◽  
Vein Stenosis

BackgroundA small subset of patients with presumed idiopathic intracranial hypertension are found to have isolated internal jugular vein stenosis (IJVS).ObjectiveTo review the current interventions used in patients who present with intracranial hypertension secondary to IJVS.MethodsIn December 2020, we performed a literature search on Pubmed/Medline and Scopus databases for original articles studying surgical and endovascular interventions used for intracranial hypertension in the setting of internal jugular vein stenosis. No date, patient population, or study type was excluded.ResultsAll studies that included at least one case in which a surgical or endovascular intervention was used to treat IJVS were included. Selection criteria for patients varied, most commonly defined by identification of compression of the internal jugular vein. The 17 studies included in this review ranged from case reports to large single-center cohort studies. The most used surgical intervention was styloidectomy. Styloidectomy had an overall better outcome success rate (79%) than angioplasty/stenting (66%). No complications were recorded in any of the surgical cases analyzed. Outcome measures varied, but all studies recorded clinical symptoms of the patients.ConclusionFew current large cohort studies analyze surgical and endovascular interventions for patients with IJVS. Notably, the most common intervention is styloidectomy, followed by internal jugular vein stenting. By understanding the trends and experience of interventionalists and surgeons, more focused and larger studies can be performed to determine effective strategies with the best clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Decompressive Craniectomy for Viral Encephalitis: Two Case Reports

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Ricardo Caramanti ◽  
Eduardo Abib ◽  
Dionei Moraes ◽  
Eduardo Silva ◽  
Carlos Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Perilesional Edema

AbstractA decompressive craniectomy is a therapeutic modality not commonly used in cases of refractory intracranial hypertension due to viral encephalitis. In this article the authors present two cases of patients with viral encephalitis that have undergone decompressive craniectomy to control intracranial pressure. Both evolved with Glasgow outcome score of 4. The main clinical data for the surgical decision are Glasgow coma scale and the pupils of the patient associated with the imaging tests showing a large necrotic area and perilesional edema. The evolution of the patients undergoing decompression was satisfactory in 92.3% of cases.

Diplopia Due to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Child

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1576-1579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantine D. Georgakopoulos ◽  
Odysseas Kargiotis ◽  
Maria I. Eliopoulou ◽  
Olga E. Makri ◽  
Artemis M. Exarchou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Rare Manifestation

We present the case of a 14-year-old girl who was admitted to the hospital with the complaint of horizontal diplopia for 48 hours. Initially, she was diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. During hospitalization she developed fever, macular facial rash, and chest pain, and because of abnormal laboratory findings the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus was established. She received immunomodulatory therapy, a combination of corticosteroids, and intravenous infusions of the monoclonal antibody rituximab, which augmented her clinical improvement. Intracranial hypertension secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus is a rare manifestation, especially as a presenting symptom. In addition, the fact that the patient developed an aggressive form of systemic lupus erythematosus during the initial period of hospitalization for idiopathic intracranial hypertension is also uncommon. Moreover, to our knowledge, we are not aware of any published case reports of intracranial hypertension secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus that was treated with rituximab.

Rapamycin as an alternative to surgical treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 381-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Birca ◽  
Claude Mercier ◽  
Philippe Major
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Foramen Of Monro ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The Right

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is associated with the potential development of benign hamartomas, including subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs). Intracranial hypertension can be caused by SEGAs due to their propensity to block the foramen of Monro. The traditional management approach is to monitor SEGAs with periodic neuroimaging and to resect those that exhibit serial growth and/or cause clinical signs of intracranial hypertension. Recent observations suggest that rapamycin therapy may induce partial regression of SEGAs, therefore providing a potential alternative to resection. The authors present the case of an 8-year-old girl with bilateral SEGAs that led to progressive hydrocephaly and incipient signs of papilledema. Three months after initiating rapamycin therapy, the SEGAs exhibited significant reduction in size (82.6% on the left and 46.7% on the right), and the lesions remained stable 5 months later. Compared with previous case reports, similar or even greater antitumor efficacy was achieved with much lower trough levels of rapamycin (10–15 compared with 3.3–4.5 ng/ml, respectively). The authors discuss various aspects of rapamycin therapy and address unresolved issues that highlight the need for further prospective clinical trials.

scholarly journals STENTING PADA SINUS VENOSUS SEREBRAL DENGAN HIPERTENSI INTRAKRANIAL IDIOPATIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Sumantri Usman ◽  
Gamaliel Wibowo Soetanto ◽  
Pinto Desti Piliang ◽  
Audhy Tanasal ◽  
Hernawan Hernawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Interventional Procedure ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Visual Disturbance ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Venous Sinus ◽  
Sinus Venosus ◽  
Cerebral Sinus ◽  
Complication Of Surgery

       CEREBRAL SINUS VENOSUS STENTING IN IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSIONABSTRACTIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a group of symptoms caused by increase in intracranial pressure without any damage of brain parenchyma. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is usually known as cerebral pseudotumor. This disease can cause visual disturbance, even visual loss, thus decrease quality of daily living. Treatment of this disease consists of disease modifying, medicine, surgery and neurovascular interventional procedure such as venous sinus stenting. High risk in failure and complication of surgery gives venous sinus stent procedure a chance to grow. Case reports and meta-analysis showed that venous sinus stent has high success rate and very low complication rate.Keywords: Cerebral pseudotumor, intracranial idiopathic hypertension (IIH), venous sinus stent (VSS)ABSTRAKHipertensi  intrakranial  idiopatik  (HII)  merupakan  kumpulan  gejala  akibat  peningkatan  tekanan  intrakranial tanpa dijumpai adanya kelainan pada parenkim otak. HII sering dikenal dengan pseudotumor serebri. Penyakit ini dapat menimbulkan penurunan kualitas hidup sehari-hari dengan timbulnya penurunan tajam penglihatan bahkan memiliki potensi kebutaan. Tata laksana HII terdiri dari medikamentosa, operatif dan prosedur neurovaskular intervensi berupa prosedur stent sinus venosus. Risiko kegagalan dan angka komplikasi yang tinggi pada tindakan operatif memberikan kesempatan pada prosedur stent sinus venosus untuk berkembang. Laporan kasus, penelitian dan uji meta analisa memberikan kesimpulan bahwa prosedur stent sinus venosus memberikan angka keberhasilan yang tinggi dan angka komplikasi yang sangat rendah.Kata kunci: Hipertensi intrakranial idiopatik (HII), pseudotumor serebri, stent sinus venosus 

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