Pro-inflammatory cytokines at zirconia implants and teeth. A cross-sectional assessment

BACKGROUND: Obesity and several inflammatory pathways contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Some pro-inflammatory cytokines and other signal proteins produced in fat and liver appear to propagate inflammation systemically. IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-cells. Upon binding to its receptor, IL-17 activates a cascade of signals that include MAPK, NF-kB and other pro- inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to determine if the IL-17 levels are associated with obesity and its metabolic comorbidities in young adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in the UP AMIGOS 2009 cohort. Anthropometric measurement and blood samples were collected. Fasting glucose, insulin, and serum lipid profile was measured by conventional methods. Serum IL-17 was determined by ELISA assay in 102 individuals with obesity and overweight also in 306 lean students (aged 18 to 26 years old. RESULTS: Higher levels of IL-17 were found in the group with obesity (34.99 pg/mL) when compared to lean subjects (26.57 pg/mL). In addition, a positive correlation between serum IL-17 and body mass index and waist circumference in the group with obesity were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Increased IL-17 levels in young individuals with obesity and overweight are associated with risk factors for developing chronic metabolic diseases

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Correlation between Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines TNF-alpha and Vascular Calcification Inhibitor Matrix Gla Protein in Obese Men

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v2i3.126 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 126

Author(s):

Trilis Yulianti ◽

Mansyur Arif ◽

Andi Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Vascular Calcification ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Matrix Gla Protein ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Circulating Levels ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

BACKGROUND: Adult obesity is rapidly increasing in the world including Indonesia. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was chronically elevated in obese adipose tissue. TNF-α, a pleiotropic cytokine and also a regulator of bone formation, may might represent an important link between obesity and vascular calcification. Elegant genetic studies in mice and human have highlighted the important roles for Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) as an inhibitor of vascular calcification. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and vascular calcification inhibitor MGP in obese men.METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study including 40 central obese men (waist circumference ≥90 cm) aged 31-60 years old. Serum MGP and serum TNF-α concentrations were quantified by ELISA principle. Fasting plasma glucose was assessed using hexokinase methods, triglyceride by GPO-PAP methods, and creatinine by Jaffe methods. All assays were performed according to the manufacture instruction. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS for windows ver 16. Univariate analysis were performed to analyze mean, maximum, minimum value and SD. Pearson correlation statistic were performed to determine the correlation between variables. Significance value were define as alpha level = 0.05 based on two-tailed tests.RESULTS: The cross-sectional study (n=40) showed that the advancing age was correlated with plasma TNF-α concentration (r=0.348; p=0.028). The mean concentration of TNF-α and MGP were 8.323 and 8.368, respectively. We found a significant negative correlation between TNF-α with MGP (r=-0.425; p=0.006) and a significant correlation between TNF-α and triglyceride (r=0.375; p=0.017).CONCLUSIONS: Circulating level of TNF-α was inversely correlated with MGP concentration in obese men. This finding suggested that high level TNF-α leads to low MGP concentration obese men, hence, limits inhibitory capacity in vascular calcification.KEYWORDS: hypertension, obesity, vascular calcification, MGP, TNF-α

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Salivary Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Salivary Bacterial Challenge Effect on Dental Caries: A Clinico-Molecular Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences ◽

10.30621/jbachs.2020.920 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ahu Pakdemirli ◽

Gizem Çalıbaşı Kocal ◽

Gülser Kılınç ◽

Ezgi Daşkın ◽

Hande Kemaloğlu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bacterial Challenge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

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Reduced MIP-1β as a Trait Marker and Reduced IL-7 and IL-12 as State Markers of Anorexia Nervosa

Journal of Personalized Medicine ◽

10.3390/jpm11080814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 814

Author(s):

Johanna Louise Keeler ◽

Olivia Patsalos ◽

Raymond Chung ◽

Ulrike Schmidt ◽

Gerome Breen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anorexia Nervosa ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Trait Marker ◽

Factor Α ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Alterations in certain inflammatory markers have been found in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, their relation to clinical characteristics has not been extensively explored, nor is it clear whether they are trait or state features of the disorder. This cross-sectional study measured serum concentrations of 36 inflammatory markers in people with acute AN (n = 56), recovered AN (rec-AN; n = 24) and healthy controls (HC; n = 51). The relationship between body mass index (BMI), eating disorder psychopathology, depression symptoms and inflammatory markers was assessed. Statistical models controlled for variables known to influence cytokine concentrations (i.e., age, ethnicity, smoking status and medication usage). Overall, most inflammatory markers including pro-inflammatory cytokines were unchanged in AN and rec-AN. However, in AN and rec-AN, concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β were lower than HCs. Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-12/IL-23p40 were reduced in AN, and concentrations of macrophage-derived chemokine, MIP-1α and tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced in rec-AN compared to HC. In conclusion, a reduction in MIP-1β may be a trait marker of the illness, whereas reductions in IL-7 and IL-12/IL-23p40 may be state markers. The absence of increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in AN is contradictory to the wider literature, although the inclusion of covariates may explain our differing findings.

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Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.642976 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Tiffany C. Ho ◽

Giana I. Teresi ◽

Jillian R. Segarra ◽

Amar Ojha ◽

Johanna C. Walker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Subsequent Behavior ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Animal models of stress and related conditions, including depression, have shown that elevated peripheral levels of inflammatory cytokines have downstream consequences on glutamate (Glu) in the brain. Although studies in human adults with depression have reported evidence of higher inflammation but lower Glu in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the extent to which peripheral inflammation contributes to glutamatergic abnormalities in adolescents with depression is not well-understood. It is also unclear whether antioxidants, such as ascorbate (Asc), may buffer against the effects of inflammation on Glu metabolism. Fifty-five depressed adolescents were recruited in the present cross-sectional study and provided blood samples, from which we assayed pro-inflammatory cytokines, and underwent a short-TE proton magnetic spectroscopy scan at 3T, from which we estimated Glu and Asc in the dorsal ACC. In the 31 adolescents with usable cytokine and Glu data, we found that IL-6 was significantly positively associated with dorsal ACC Glu (β = 0.466 ± 0.199, p = 0.029). Of the 16 participants who had usable Asc data, we found that at higher levels of dorsal ACC Asc, there was a negative association between IL-6 and Glu (interaction effect: β = −0.906 ± 0.433, p = 0.034). Importantly, these results remained significant when controlling for age, gender, percentage of gray matter in the dorsal ACC voxel, BMI, and medication (antidepressant and anti-inflammatory) usage. While preliminary, our results underscore the importance of examining both immune and neural contributors to depression and highlight the potential role of anti-inflammatory compounds in mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation (e.g., glutamatergic neuroexcitotoxicity). Future studies that experimentally manipulate levels of inflammation, and of ascorbate, and that characterize these effects on cortical glutamate concentrations and subsequent behavior in animals and in humans are needed.

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Circulating Erythropoietin (EPO) and Pro-Inflammatory Markers in Elderly (>/=65) Persons with and without Anemia.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.1629.1629 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 1629-1629 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luigi Ferrucci ◽

Jack M. Guralnik ◽

Richard C. Woodman ◽

Stefania Bandinelli ◽

Fulvio Lauretani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Serum Iron ◽

The Elderly ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Normal Serum ◽

Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) is a hypoproliferative anemia typically associated with chronic infection, inflammation and cancer. High circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines cause ACD, through impaired iron utilization and blunted EPO response. It has been proposed that elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines found with aging may be responsible for unexplained anemia (UA) commonly seen in older adults. Objective: Determine the relationship between several inflammatory markers, circulating EPO and hemoglobin (Hb) in elderly patients (pts). Methods: We used data from a large (n=1453) cross-sectional study conducted in Chianti, Italy; 1235 elderly pts were randomly selected (538 men; 697 women) and provided blood for measurement of Hb, serum EPO, CRP, circulating cytokines (IL-6, IL-1, IL-1ra, IL-1b, TNF-a), ferritin, iron, folate and B12. Anemia was defined by WHO criteria (women, <12g/dL; men, <13g/dL). Pts were assigned an inflammation score of 0–4 based on the upper tertiles results of the following: CRP, >3.8mg/L; IL-6, >1.75pg/mL; IL-1b, >0.12pg/mL; TNF-a, >2.52pg/mL. ACD was defined as ferritin < 15ng/mL, sTfr index <1.5, and iron <60ug/dL while UA was normal serum iron, folate and B12 levels in the absence of CKD (CrCL <30ml/min). Results: Prevalence of anemia was 10.4% (128); 15.6% had ACD, 40.6% had nutritional deficiency, 7% had CKD, and 36.7% had UA. Circulating EPO increased linearly with declining Hb <13g/dL. CRP, IL-6, IL-1b, TNF-a were independent predictors of log(EPO). Older age was significantly associated with higher log(EPO) in the absence of anemia. Though the proportion of pts with reduced serum iron (< 60 ug/dL) increased with inflammatory scores (0–1: 11.5%; 2: 22.7%; 3: 30.1%; 4: 40.9%), the relationship between inflammation and circulating EPO remained. Independent of age, sex and Hb, the number of elevated inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6, IL-1b and TNF-a) was associated with significantly higher EPO levels in pts without anemia but in pts with anemia higher inflammatory scores were associated with significantly lower EPO. For each inflammatory score, a non-linear relationship between Hb and log(EPO) was found; crossover for each of these curves occurred at Hb of 12.5g/dL, i.e. below 12.5g/dL a higher score was associated with lower log(EPO), above 12.5g/dL a higher score had a higher log(EPO). Similar findings were obtained for: participants with ACD; those with iron, folate or B12 deficiency; and those with UA. Conclusions: These results suggest an independent association between inflammation and circulating EPO that differed by anemia status. ACD may occur in two stages characterized initially by high and then subsequently low circulating EPO. In the “pre-anemic” stage, stable Hb may be maintained through a compensatory increase in EPO. In the more advanced “anemic” stage, when the inhibitory effect of inflammation on EPO becomes predominant, Hb levels decline. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm if elevated cytokines are a risk factor for ACD or UA in the elderly.

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Baricitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis – Real World Cross-Sectional Study

The Open Rheumatology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874312902014010028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Amol Sagdeo ◽

Ayman Askari ◽

Hana Morrissey ◽

Patrick A. Ball

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Local Population ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Electronic Patient Records ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Biologic Dmard ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the most common cause of inflammatory polyarthritis. In RA, increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the overall symptomatology of fatigue, pain, and joint stiffness. Baricitinib is an orally administered biologic DMARD, used in RA patients, inhibiting signaling via JAK1/JAK2 inhibition, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Objective: To explore the efficacy and tolerability for baricitinib in a local population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to review data of RA patients on Baricitinib from the researchers’ own clinic, since its approval in August 2017. The data was collected from an anonymized electronic patient records report. The clinical response was then classified into mild, moderate, and significant improvement. Results and Discussion: Overall, 27 out of 37 patients (72.9%) showed clinical improvement with baricitinib. In 9(24.3%) out of 37 patients, the dose had to be reduced to either 2mg/day or 2mg/day - 4mg/day on alternate days. In four of the 9 patients’ where the dose was reduced due to infections (UTI or sinuses), they subsequently experienced fewer infections while maintaining moderate improvement in their RA. Conclusion: There is a need for longer-term and larger studies to evaluate the full side effects profile of baricitinib in the local population.

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Cytokine synergy, collagenases and cartilage collagen breakdown

Biochemical Society Symposium ◽

10.1042/bss0700125 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 125-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Tim E. Cawston ◽

Jenny M. Milner ◽

Jon B. Catterall ◽

Andrew D. Rowan

Keyword(s):

Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Activator Protein 1 ◽

Activator Protein ◽

And Cartilage ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

We have investigated proteinases that degrade cartilage collagen. We show that pro-inflammatory cytokines act synergistically with oncastatin M to promote cartilage collagen resorption by the up-regulation and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The precise mechanisms are not known, but involve the up-regulation of c-fos, which binds to MMP promoters at a proximal activator protein-1 (AP-1) site. This markedly up-regulates transcription and leads to higher levels of active MMP proteins.

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