scholarly journals Serum IL-17, obesity, and metabolic risk in Mexican young adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Celia Aradillas-García ◽  
Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante ◽  
Juan Manuel Vargas-Morlaes ◽  
Jorge Alegría-Torres ◽  
Sergio Rosales-Méndoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Activated T Cells ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Metabolic Comorbidities ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

BACKGROUND: Obesity and several inflammatory pathways contribute to the development of metabolic diseases. Some pro-inflammatory cytokines and other signal proteins produced in fat and liver appear to propagate inflammation systemically. IL-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by activated T-cells. Upon binding to its receptor, IL-17 activates a cascade of signals that include MAPK, NF-kB and other pro- inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this study was to determine if the IL-17 levels are associated with obesity and its metabolic comorbidities in young adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional study in the UP AMIGOS 2009 cohort. Anthropometric measurement and blood samples were collected. Fasting glucose, insulin, and serum lipid profile was measured by conventional methods. Serum IL-17 was determined by ELISA assay in 102 individuals with obesity and overweight also in 306 lean students (aged 18 to 26 years old. RESULTS: Higher levels of IL-17 were found in the group with obesity (34.99 pg/mL) when compared to lean subjects (26.57 pg/mL). In addition, a positive correlation between serum IL-17 and body mass index and waist circumference in the group with obesity were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Increased IL-17 levels in young individuals with obesity and overweight are associated with risk factors for developing chronic metabolic diseases

scholarly journals BMI, waist to height ratio and waist circumference as a screening tool for hypertension in hospital out patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Shrestha ◽  
Bijay Khatri ◽  
Madan P. Upadhyay ◽  
Janak R. Bhattarai ◽  
Manish Kayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract BackgroundObesity has become a global epidemic and an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Earlier thought to be a problem of developed world, it has now become a problem of low- and middle-income countries like Nepal. In absence of a routine surveillance or a registry system, the actual burden and trend of obesity in Nepal is unknown. Obesity and overweight are recognized risk factors for hypertension and associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to find out burden of obesity, using three commonly employed metrics in hospital outpatient setting of a low-income country as predictors of hypertension, and compare ability of different anthropometric measurements through a non-inferiority study to predict hypertension.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 40-69 years outpatients in a tertiary Eye and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal among randomly selected 2,256 participants from 6,769 outpatients who were evaluated in Health Promotion and risk factor screening service. We did correlation analysis to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurement and blood pressure. The area under the Receiver Operating characteristic curve of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR) and Waist Circumference (WC) was calculated and compared. ResultsThe prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20% respectively; by Waist-to-Height-Ratio was 32.76% which is two times higher than obesity measured by BMI. High waist circumference was observed among 66.76% participants. Female participants had greater prevalence of high WC (77.46%) than male (53.73%) (p<0.001). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 40.67% and 36.77% respectively. The areas under the curve were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.593), WHtR (0.602) and WC (0.610).ConclusionWaist circumference correlated well with obesity and hypertension. It also had higher predicting ability than WHtR and BMI to predict hypertension. Waist circumference thus proved to be non-inferior to two other commonly used metrics. It proved superior in detecting obesity in female. This simple and inexpensive tape measurement may play an important role in future diagnosis of obesity and prediction of HTN in resource constrained settings of developing countries.

scholarly journals Correlation between Circulating Levels of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines TNF-alpha and Vascular Calcification Inhibitor Matrix Gla Protein in Obese Men

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Trilis Yulianti ◽  
Mansyur Arif ◽  
Andi Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Calcification ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Matrix Gla Protein ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

BACKGROUND: Adult obesity is rapidly increasing in the world including Indonesia. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) was chronically elevated in obese adipose tissue. TNF-α, a pleiotropic cytokine and also a regulator of bone formation, may might represent an important link between obesity and vascular calcification. Elegant genetic studies in mice and human have highlighted the important roles for Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) as an inhibitor of vascular calcification. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and vascular calcification inhibitor MGP in obese men.METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study including 40 central obese men (waist circumference ≥90 cm) aged 31-60 years old. Serum MGP and serum TNF-α concentrations were quantified by ELISA principle. Fasting plasma glucose was assessed using hexokinase methods, triglyceride by GPO-PAP methods, and creatinine by Jaffe methods. All assays were performed according to the manufacture instruction. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS for windows ver 16. Univariate analysis were performed to analyze mean, maximum, minimum value and SD. Pearson correlation statistic were performed to determine the correlation between variables. Significance value were define as alpha level = 0.05 based on two-tailed tests.RESULTS: The cross-sectional study (n=40) showed that the advancing age was correlated with plasma TNF-α concentration (r=0.348; p=0.028). The mean concentration of TNF-α and MGP were 8.323 and 8.368, respectively. We found a significant negative correlation between TNF-α with MGP (r=-0.425; p=0.006) and a significant correlation between TNF-α and triglyceride (r=0.375; p=0.017).CONCLUSIONS: Circulating level of TNF-α was inversely correlated with MGP concentration in obese men. This finding suggested that high level TNF-α leads to low MGP concentration obese men, hence, limits inhibitory capacity in vascular calcification.KEYWORDS: hypertension, obesity, vascular calcification, MGP, TNF-α

scholarly journals BMI, Waist to Height Ratio and Waist Circumference as a screening tool for Hypertension in Hospital out Patients: A Cross-Sectional, Non-inferiority study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Shrestha ◽  
Sanjib K. Upadhyay ◽  
Bijay Khatri ◽  
Janak R. Bhattarai ◽  
Manish Kayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Abstract BackgroundObesity has become a global epidemic and an important risk factor for non-communicable diseases. Earlier thought to be a problem in the developed world, it has become a problem in low-and middle-income countries, including Nepal. In the absence of routine surveillance or a registry system, the actual burden and trend of obesity in Nepal is unknown. Obesity and overweight are recognized as risk factors for hypertension and associated with cardiovascular diseases. The study aimed to find out the burden of obesity, using three commonly employed metrics in the hospital outpatient setting of a developing country as predictors of hypertension, and compare the ability of different anthropometric measurements through a non-inferiority study to predict hypertension.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 40-69 years outpatients in a tertiary Eye, and ENT hospital in a semi-urban area of Nepal among randomly selected 2,256 participants from 6,769 outpatients evaluated in Health Promotion and Risk Factor Screening Service. We did a correlation analysis to determine the relationship between anthropometric measurement and blood pressure. The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR), and Waist Circumference (WC) was calculated and compared.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity and overweight by BMI was 16.09% and 42.20%, respectively; by WHtR was 32.76%, which is two times higher than obesity measured by BMI. High WC was observed among 66.76% of participants. Female participants had a greater prevalence of high WC (77.46%) than males (53.73%) (p<0.001). Prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension was 40.67% and 36.77%, respectively. The areas under the curve were significantly higher than 0.5 for BMI (0.593), WHtR (0.602), and WC (0.610).ConclusionWC correlated well with obesity and hypertension. It also had a higher predicting ability than WHtR and BMI to predict hypertension. WC thus proved to be non-inferior to two other commonly used metrics. It proved superior in detecting obesity in female. This inexpensive and simple non-tension tape measurement may play an important role in future diagnosis of obesity and prediction of HTN in resource-constrained settings of developing countries.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Comorbidities in Children and Young Adults With Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuoghi Edens ◽  
Maria Antonelli
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
General Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Metabolic Comorbidities

Background: Adult-onset psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have been associated with diabetes, hypertension (HTN), and obesity in addition to other diagnoses. The relationship of these comorbidities in children and young adults with PsO and PsA is not well known. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic comorbidities and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in those ≤19 years of age with PsO and PsA. Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients ≤19 years of age from the United States with PsO and PsA using a pooled deidentified health-care system database. Comorbidities of interest included diabetes mellitus (DM), HTN, IBD, and obesity. The χ2 test and odds ratio (OR) were calculated. Results: A total of 6470 patients ≤19 years of age with PsO and 520 with PsA were identified. Both cohorts were largely Caucasian; PsA had a female predominance. Almost half of those with PsO and PsA were obese. There was a statistical difference between PsA and PsO and the general population in regard to DM, HTN, and IBD ( P < 0.01). Childhood and adolescent PsA was associated with DM, HTN, and obesity compared to PsO (OR: 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-4.12, OR: 5.60, 95% CI: 3.61-8.67, OR: 1.31 95% CI: 0.95-1.35, OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 2.04-4.15), respectively. Conclusions: Metabolic comorbidities and IBD are pervasive in children and young adults with PsA and PsO. Diabetes mellitus and HTN were more prevalent in PsA than PsO, the converse found with IBD. Children and young adults diagnosed with psoriatic diseases are more likely to be obese than the general population.

scholarly journals Reduced MIP-1β as a Trait Marker and Reduced IL-7 and IL-12 as State Markers of Anorexia Nervosa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Johanna Louise Keeler ◽  
Olivia Patsalos ◽  
Raymond Chung ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Gerome Breen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trait Marker ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Alterations in certain inflammatory markers have been found in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, their relation to clinical characteristics has not been extensively explored, nor is it clear whether they are trait or state features of the disorder. This cross-sectional study measured serum concentrations of 36 inflammatory markers in people with acute AN (n = 56), recovered AN (rec-AN; n = 24) and healthy controls (HC; n = 51). The relationship between body mass index (BMI), eating disorder psychopathology, depression symptoms and inflammatory markers was assessed. Statistical models controlled for variables known to influence cytokine concentrations (i.e., age, ethnicity, smoking status and medication usage). Overall, most inflammatory markers including pro-inflammatory cytokines were unchanged in AN and rec-AN. However, in AN and rec-AN, concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1β were lower than HCs. Interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-12/IL-23p40 were reduced in AN, and concentrations of macrophage-derived chemokine, MIP-1α and tumor necrosis factor-α were reduced in rec-AN compared to HC. In conclusion, a reduction in MIP-1β may be a trait marker of the illness, whereas reductions in IL-7 and IL-12/IL-23p40 may be state markers. The absence of increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in AN is contradictory to the wider literature, although the inclusion of covariates may explain our differing findings.

scholarly journals Higher Levels of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Are Associated With Higher Levels of Glutamate in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Depressed Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany C. Ho ◽  
Giana I. Teresi ◽  
Jillian R. Segarra ◽  
Amar Ojha ◽  
Johanna C. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Animal models of stress and related conditions, including depression, have shown that elevated peripheral levels of inflammatory cytokines have downstream consequences on glutamate (Glu) in the brain. Although studies in human adults with depression have reported evidence of higher inflammation but lower Glu in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the extent to which peripheral inflammation contributes to glutamatergic abnormalities in adolescents with depression is not well-understood. It is also unclear whether antioxidants, such as ascorbate (Asc), may buffer against the effects of inflammation on Glu metabolism. Fifty-five depressed adolescents were recruited in the present cross-sectional study and provided blood samples, from which we assayed pro-inflammatory cytokines, and underwent a short-TE proton magnetic spectroscopy scan at 3T, from which we estimated Glu and Asc in the dorsal ACC. In the 31 adolescents with usable cytokine and Glu data, we found that IL-6 was significantly positively associated with dorsal ACC Glu (β = 0.466 ± 0.199, p = 0.029). Of the 16 participants who had usable Asc data, we found that at higher levels of dorsal ACC Asc, there was a negative association between IL-6 and Glu (interaction effect: β = −0.906 ± 0.433, p = 0.034). Importantly, these results remained significant when controlling for age, gender, percentage of gray matter in the dorsal ACC voxel, BMI, and medication (antidepressant and anti-inflammatory) usage. While preliminary, our results underscore the importance of examining both immune and neural contributors to depression and highlight the potential role of anti-inflammatory compounds in mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation (e.g., glutamatergic neuroexcitotoxicity). Future studies that experimentally manipulate levels of inflammation, and of ascorbate, and that characterize these effects on cortical glutamate concentrations and subsequent behavior in animals and in humans are needed.

scholarly journals Baricitinib in Rheumatoid Arthritis – Real World Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Amol Sagdeo ◽  
Ayman Askari ◽  
Hana Morrissey ◽  
Patrick A. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Joint Stiffness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biologic Dmard ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the most common cause of inflammatory polyarthritis. In RA, increased circulating levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the overall symptomatology of fatigue, pain, and joint stiffness. Baricitinib is an orally administered biologic DMARD, used in RA patients, inhibiting signaling via JAK1/JAK2 inhibition, reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Objective: To explore the efficacy and tolerability for baricitinib in a local population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to review data of RA patients on Baricitinib from the researchers’ own clinic, since its approval in August 2017. The data was collected from an anonymized electronic patient records report. The clinical response was then classified into mild, moderate, and significant improvement. Results and Discussion: Overall, 27 out of 37 patients (72.9%) showed clinical improvement with baricitinib. In 9(24.3%) out of 37 patients, the dose had to be reduced to either 2mg/day or 2mg/day - 4mg/day on alternate days. In four of the 9 patients’ where the dose was reduced due to infections (UTI or sinuses), they subsequently experienced fewer infections while maintaining moderate improvement in their RA. Conclusion: There is a need for longer-term and larger studies to evaluate the full side effects profile of baricitinib in the local population.

A study on the Relationship of the weight pattern with the socioeconomic status among adolescents school going children in an Indian Metropolitan City

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 320-323
Author(s):  
Samar Hossain ◽  
Sharma Priyanka ◽  
Talib Hossain ◽  
Surendra Mohan Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Development Levels

Objective: The last two decades have witnessed an increase in health care costs due to obesity and related issues among children and adolescents. Childhood obesity is a global phenomenon affecting all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The study was done to find the the prevalence of obesity and overweight and their association with socioeconomic status (SES) and the risk factors. Materials and Methods: School based cross sectional study carried out over a period of 4 months in three schools of East Delhi. The study was carried out in 629 school children of 10–18 years of age and belonging to different socioeconomic statuses in schools in East Delhi. The obesity and overweight were considered using an updated body mass index reference. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to determine the Socio-economic status and life style factors. Results: The prevalence of overweight among children was higher in middle socioeconomic status groups as compared to high socioeconomic class in both boys and girls whereas the prevalence of obesity was higher in high Socio economic status group as compared to middle socioeconomic group. The prevalence of obesity as well as overweight in low SES group was the lowest as compared to other group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of overweight and obesity varies remarkably with different socioeconomic development levels.

Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions among school-age children at Khartoum State 2011/2012

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-416
Author(s):  
Dr. Suzan Ail Yousif Abo* ,Dr. ALI abdalazez Salih
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Year ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Watching Tv

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out at Khartoum Stateduring the school year 20112/2012 to estimate the prevalence of obesity among schoolchildren aged 6-15 years and to investigate the relationship between BMI (Body MassIndex) and socioeconomic status and life style factors. Two hundred and fifty pupilsparticipated in this study. The researcher took the anthropometric measurement insidethe class room and gave the questionnaire the students to be answered by one of child’sparents. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS Version 13.0).In this study, prevalence of obesity was found to be (48%) of them 18% males and 30%females. Income of the family, number of high caloric carbonated beverages/week, wayof transportation to school, length of daily playing outside the home, and time spentin watching TV and video games were significantly correlated with student’s BMI.While parent’s BMI was not having significant correlation with student’s BMI.This study is considered as the first study in its field regarding this age category inKhartoum State, and it is promoting future researches in obesity and its determinant.Key words: Obesity in relation to risk factors and socioeconomic conditions amongschool-age children

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document