Risk factors for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition. Impact of antibiotic use in a double case–control study

Abstract We identified deep diabetic foot infections by culture and conducted a case–control study examining the risk factors for moderate to severe methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) diabetic foot infections. Our MRSA prevalence was lower than literature values; PsA was higher. Gangrene may be predictive of Pseudomonas infection.

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Investigation of an Epidemic of Multi-Drug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700056575 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 456-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Susan A. Murray ◽

David R. Snydman

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Environmental Control ◽

Foley Catheter ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Case Control ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Infected Case ◽

Environmental Reservoir ◽

Control Study

AbstractInter- and intrahospital epidemics of nosocomial infections due to gram-negative bacilli resistant to many antimicrobials have been well-documented. Prospective studies on the use of isolation along with epidemiologic analysis and appropriate environmental control have been lacking. In the six-month period from November 1978 to April 1979 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR) resistant to all antibiotics except amikacin was isolated from 15 patients. This organism had not previously been seen in our hospital. Epidemiologic assessment of infected patients revealed that nine of 15 patients had contact either with a previously infected case or contaminated area. All strains of P. aeruginosa were identical by pyocin typing and antibiogram. The organism was present in an environmental reservoir, the urine graduated cylinder, and was found in three of eight receptacles (p = 0.002 vs. other environmental cultures). A case control study of patient risk factors showed aminoglycoside use, other antibiotic use, surgery, intravenous lines, Foley catheter use and mechanical ventilation to be no more frequent in cases than controls. The use of aminoglycosides in only 40% of cases suggests that antibiotic pressure was not the sole factor in perpetuating the epidemic.

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Risk Factors forClostridium difficileInfection in a Hepatology Ward

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1086/511790 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 202-204 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Dominique Vanjak ◽

Guillaume Girault ◽

Catherine Branger ◽

Pierre Rufat ◽

Dominique-Charles Valla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Clostridium Difficile ◽

Autoimmune Hepatitis ◽

Attack Rate ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Case Control ◽

Strain Typing ◽

Control Study

During 2001,Clostridium difficileinfection was observed in 23 patients hospitalized in a hepatology ward (attack rate, 0.9%). Since strain typing ruled out a clonal dissemination, we performed a case-control study. In addition to antibiotic use as a risk factor, theC. difficileinfection rate was higher among patients with autoimmune hepatitis (P< .01).

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Risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis in east China: a matched case-control study

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268814001599 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 143 (5) ◽

pp. 1020-1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

W. X. YAN ◽

Y. DAI ◽

Y. J. ZHOU ◽

H. LIU ◽

S. G. DUAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Population Based ◽

Case Control ◽

Population Attributable Fractions ◽

Attributable Fractions ◽

Matched Case ◽

Control Study

SUMMARYTo determine risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis, we conducted a population-based case-control study in sentinel hospital surveillance areas of Shanghai and Jiangsu province, China. Seventy-one patients with diarrhoea and confirmedV. parahaemolyticusinfections were enrolled, and they were matched with 142 controls for gender, age and residential area. From the multivariable analysis,V. parahaemolyticusinfections were associated with antibiotics taken during the 4 weeks prior to illness [odds ratio (OR) 8·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–56·4)], frequent eating out (OR 3·3, 95% CI 1·1–10·1), and shellfish consumption (OR 3·2, 95% CI 1·0–9·9), with population-attributable fractions of 0·09, 0·25, and 0·14, respectively. Protective factors included keeping the aquatic products refrigerated (OR 0·4, 95% CI 0·1–0·9) and pork consumption (OR 0·2, 95% CI 0·1–0·8). Further study of the association ofV. parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis with prior antibiotic use and shellfish consumption is needed.

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