scholarly journals Sex-specific prognostic effect of CD66b-positive tumor-infiltrating neutrophils (TANs) in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Quaas ◽  
Aylin Pamuk ◽  
Sebastian Klein ◽  
Jennifer Quantius ◽  
Jan Rehkaemper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Tumor Stroma ◽  
Gastric Carcinomas ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
Prognostic Relevance ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Caucasian Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) have recently been identified as a relevant component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid tumors. Within the TME TANs mediate either tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting activities. So far, their prognostic relevance remains to be determined. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic relevance of TANs in different molecular subtypes of gastric and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Methods We analyzed a total of 1118 Caucasian patients divided into gastric adenocarcinoma (n = 458) and esophageal adenocarcinoma cohort (n = 660) of primarily resected and neoadjuvant-treated individuals. The amount of CD66b + TANs in the tumor stroma was determined using quantitative image analysis and correlated to both molecular, as well as clinical data. Results An accumulation of TANs in the tumor stroma of gastric carcinomas was associated to a significant favorable prognosis (p = 0.026). A subgroup analysis showed that this effect was primarily related to the molecular chromosomal instable subtype (CIN) of gastric carcinomas (p = 0.010). This was only observed in female patients (p = 0.014) but not in male patients (p = 0.315). The same sex-specific effect could be confirmed in adenocarcinomas of the esophagus (p = 0.027), as well as in female individuals after receiving neoadjuvant therapy (p = 0.034). Conclusions Together, we show a sex-specific prognostic effect of TANs in gastric cancer within a Caucasian cohort. For the first time, we showed that this sex-specific prognostic effect of TANs can also be seen in esophageal cancer.

scholarly journals Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C3 Mediates Chemotherapy Resistance in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma via ROS Detoxification

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2403
Author(s):  
Chenghui Zhou ◽  
Zhefang Wang ◽  
Jiahui Li ◽  
Xiaolin Wu ◽  
Ningbo Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Chemotherapy Resistance ◽  
Poor Overall Survival ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Novel Strategy ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Eac Cells

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, and limits promising treatments. AKR1C3 represents a therapeutic target to combat the resistance in many cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of AKR1C3 in the chemotherapy resistance of EAC is still unclear. We found that the mRNA level of AKR1C3 was higher in EAC tumor tissues, and that high AKR1C3 expression might be associated with poor overall survival of EAC patients. AKR1C3 overexpression decreased cell death induced by chemotherapeutics, while knockdown of AKR1C3 attenuated the effect. Furthermore, we found AKR1C3 was inversely correlated with ROS production. Antioxidant NAC rescued chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in AKR1C3 knockdown cells, while the GSH biosynthesis inhibitor BSO reversed a protective effect of AKR1C3 against chemotherapy. AKT phosphorylation was regulated by AKR1C3 and might be responsible for eliminating over-produced ROS in EAC cells. Intracellular GSH levels were modulated by AKR1C3 and the inhibition of AKT could reduce GSH level in EAC cells. Here, we reported for the first time that AKR1C3 renders chemotherapy resistance through controlling ROS levels via AKT signaling in EAC cells. Targeting AKR1C3 may represent a novel strategy to sensitize EAC cells to conventional chemotherapy.

An Analysis of Disorders Presenting at a Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Clinic: A Report from Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Sarıkaya ◽  
Halûk Yavuz
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Child Neurology ◽  
Pediatric Neurology ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Family ◽  
Neurology Clinic ◽  
Similar Disease ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
First Time

AbstractNeurological problems constitute an important part of diseases in children. Studies evaluating neurological diseases in children collectively and reporting their types and rates are very few. We report the clinical and laboratory spectra of children presenting with neurological diseases to our clinic. The charts of patients who presented for the first time to the only pediatric neurology outpatient clinic in the region during a year were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 88,785 patients were seen at the Meram Faculty of Medicine pediatric outpatient clinics in 1 year; 5.5% (4,904) of these patients were seen at the child neurology clinic and 1,807 patients (36.8%) were seen for the initial evaluation. Medical charts of 1,685 (93.2%) patients were reviewed: 952 (56.5%) were male patients and 733 were females. The mean age was 5.77 ± 4.92 years; 30.9% of the patients had a similar disease in the family. The top three presenting complaints that led to hospital seen were seizures (12.2%), paroxysmal events (10%), and headaches (9.2%). The most common diagnoses were epilepsy (18%), headache (8.6%), and developmental delay (7.8%). Our study describes the characteristics of the large number of patients seen for the first time in the child neurology outpatient clinic.

Extensive Analysis of Immunecheckpoint Receptors and Tumor Infiltrating T-Cells with Respect to Their Prognostic Relevance in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. e2-e3
Author(s):  
Florian Gebauer ◽  
Heike Löser ◽  
Wolfgang Schröder ◽  
Thomas Zander ◽  
Hans Fuchs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Relevance ◽  
Extensive Analysis

scholarly journals HLA B-27 Subtypes in Turkish Patients with Spondyloarthropathy and Healthy Controls

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Savran Oguz ◽  
Lale Ocal ◽  
Ali Sarper Diler ◽  
Hilmi Ozkul ◽  
Faruk Asicioglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Turkish Population ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Hla B27 ◽  
Caucasian Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Turkish Patients ◽  
Predominant Allele

The frequency and the distribution of HLA-B27 subtypes in spondylarthropathy (SpA) patients and controls were investigated in a sample Turkish population. B27 subtyping was performed by PCR-SSP method in two groups: 49 unrelated HLA-B27 positive Turkish patients with the diagnosis of SpA according to the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group Criteria, and 55 HLA-B27 positive healthy controls. The frequency of HLA-B∗27 was 2.6% in the Turkish population, and B∗2705 was the predominant allele among patients with SpA. The difference was mainly between male patients and male controls The proportion of B∗2705 among B27-positive patients and controls was significantly different (P = 0.02). Our study supports other reports from different populations which showed that B∗2705 and B∗2702 were more frequent in Caucasian patients with SpA.

Prognostic relevance of p53 and bcl-2 immunoreactivity for early invasive pT1/pT2 gastric carcinomas: indicators for limited gastric resections?

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kopp ◽  
J. Diebold ◽  
I. Dreier ◽  
C. Cramer ◽  
J. Glas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Carcinomas ◽  
Prognostic Relevance

scholarly journals Incidence and prognostic relevance of genetic variations in T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in childhood and adolescence

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (16) ◽  
pp. 3153-3160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina R. Bonn ◽  
Marius Rohde ◽  
Martin Zimmermann ◽  
David Krieger ◽  
Ilske Oschlies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Lymphoblastic Lymphoma ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Prognostic Effect ◽  
Prognostic Relevance ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Notch1 Mutations ◽  
Independent Cohort

Key Points Confirms the prognostic effect of NOTCH1 mutations in pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma in a large and independent cohort. Provides the scientific basis for using NOTCH1 mutations and chromosome 6q alterations as stratification criterion in patients with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

scholarly journals Tracking extended mucociliary transport activity of individual deposited particles: longitudinal synchrotron X-ray imaging in live mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Donnelley ◽  
Kaye S. Morgan ◽  
Karen K. W. Siu ◽  
Andreas Fouras ◽  
Nigel R. Farrow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Marker Particle ◽  
Animal Handling ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ciliary Dyskinesia ◽  
Repeat Imaging

To assess potential therapies for respiratory diseases in which mucociliary transit (MCT) is impaired, such as cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia, a novel and non-invasive MCT quantification method has been developed in which the transit rate and behaviour of individual micrometre-sized deposited particles are measured in live mice using synchrotron phase-contrast X-ray imaging. Particle clearance by MCT is known to be a two-phase process that occurs over a period of minutes to days. Previous studies have assessed MCT in the fast-clearance phase, ∼20 min after marker particle dosing. The aim of this study was to non-invasively image changes in particle presence and MCT during the slow-clearance phase, and simultaneously determine whether repeat synchrotron X-ray imaging of mice was feasible over periods of 3, 9 and 25 h. All mice tolerated the repeat imaging procedure with no adverse effects. Quantitative image analysis revealed that the particle MCT rate and the number of particles present in the airway both decreased with time. This study successfully demonstrated for the first time that longitudinal synchrotron X-ray imaging studies are possible in live small animals, provided appropriate animal handling techniques are used and care is taken to reduce the delivered radiation dose.

scholarly journals Infectious Norovirus Is Chronically Shed by Immunocompromised Pediatric Hosts

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Amy Davis ◽  
Valerie Cortez ◽  
Marco Grodzki ◽  
Ronald Dallas ◽  
Jose Ferrolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Immunocompromised Hosts ◽  
First Time

Noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Although infections in healthy individuals are self-resolving, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for chronic disease and severe complications. Chronic norovirus infections in immunocompromised hosts are often characterized by long-term virus shedding, but it is unclear whether this shed virus remains infectious. We investigated the prevalence, genetic heterogeneity, and temporal aspects of norovirus infections in 1140 patients treated during a 6-year period at a pediatric research hospital. Additionally, we identified 20 patients with chronic infections lasting 37 to >418 days. Using a new human norovirus in vitro assay, we confirmed the continuous shedding of infectious virus for the first time. Shedding lasted longer in male patients and those with diarrheal symptoms. Prolonged shedding of infectious norovirus in immunocompromised hosts can potentially increase the likelihood of transmission, highlighting the importance of isolation precautions to prevent nosocomial infections.

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