Variation in wood density and ring width in Acacia melanoxylon at four sites in Portugal

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Tavares ◽  
José L. Louzada ◽  
Helena Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon

Climate signals from intra-annual wood density fluctuations in Abies durangensis

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos González-Cásares ◽  
Marín Pompa-García ◽  
Alejandro Venegas-González
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Growth Ring Width ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Climate Signals ◽  
Hydroclimatic Variables

ABSTRACTOngoing climate change is expected to alter forests by affecting forest productivity, with implications for the ecological functions of these systems. Despite its great dendrochronological potential, little research has been conducted into the use of wood density as a proxy for determining sensitivity to climate variability in Mexico. The response of Abies durangensis Martínez, in terms of wood density and growth ring width, to monthly climatic values (mean temperature, accumulated precipitation and the drought index SPEI) was analyzed through correlation analysis. Abies durangensis presents a high response, in terms of radial growth, to climatic conditions. Tree-ring widths are more sensitive to hydroclimatic variables, whereas wood density values are more sensitive to temperature. In particular, mean (MeanD) and minimum (MND) wood density values are more sensitive to climate than maximum (MXD). We found very marked spatial variations that indicate that A. durangensis responds differently to drought conditions depending on the indices of density.

Influence of Growth Rate and Cambial Age on Density of Rauli (Nothofagus nervosa) in Relation to Vessel Lumen Areas and Numbers

Holzforschung ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Denne ◽  
C. M. Cahalan ◽  
D. P. Aebischer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Present Sample ◽  
Vessel Lumen ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Nothofagus Nervosa

Summary To assess the likely effects of silvicultural treatment on the wood quality of Nothofagus nervosa grown in the UK, and the possibilities of independent selection within seed origins for density and growth rate, ring width and wood density were analysed from pith to bark of 19 trees. Variations in vessel lumen size, vessel number mm−2, and total lumen area mm−2 were analysed in ten trees. Since density increased by only 0.005g cm−3 per mm increase in ring width, silvicultural practices such as initial spacing and thinning are not likely to have a substantial effect on the wood density of rauli. Similarly, variation in density with cambial age was significant but relatively minor in the 40- and 60-year old trees of the present sample, suggesting that the rotation length is unlikely to have any practical influence on the density of rauli. Considerable between-tree differences in density were found which did not correspond to differences in ring width, suggesting it should be feasible to select independently for density and growth rate. These differences in density were associated with differences in both vessel lumen size and vessel number mm−2

Centroid of wood density, bole eccentricity, and tree-ring width in relation to vector winds in wave forests

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Circular Statistics ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Vector ◽  
Vector Wind ◽  
Densitometric Data

Circular statistics are used to analyse directional data inherent in X-ray densitometric data that pertain to cross-sectional discs sampled from balsam fir wave forest trees at Spirity Cove, Newfoundland. The analysis concentrates on directionality of centroids of mean wood density, bole eccentricity, and tree-ring width in eight directions from the pith. The results show that the centroid of mean wood density, bole cross sections, and mean tree-ring width are significantly directional and correspond closely with the mean vector wind direction.

Intra-annual wood density fluctuations and tree-ring width patterns are sex- and site-dependent in the dioecious conifer Juniperus thurifera L.

Trees ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1341-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Miguel Olano ◽  
A. I. García-Cervigón ◽  
A. Arzac ◽  
V. Rozas
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Density Fluctuations ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Juniperus Thurifera

scholarly journals Effects of live crown on vertical patterns of wood density and growth in Douglas-fir

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L Gartner ◽  
Eric M North ◽  
G R Johnson ◽  
Ryan Singleton
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Juvenile Wood ◽  
Growth Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Growth Ring Width ◽  
Residual Variation ◽  
Wide Range

It would be valuable economically to know what are the biological triggers for formation of mature wood (currently of high value) and (or) what maintains production of juvenile wood (currently of low value), to develop silvicultural regimes that control the relative production of the two types of wood. Foresters commonly assume the bole of softwoods produces juvenile wood within the crown and mature wood below. We tested that assumption by comparing growth ring areas and widths and wood density components of the outer three growth rings in disks sampled from different vertical positions of 34-year-old Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees. The 18 trees were sampled from one site and had a wide range of heights to live crown. Most of the variance (63–93%) in wood characteristics (growth ring area: total, earlywood, latewood; growth ring width: total, earlywood, latewood; latewood proportion: by area, width; and ring density: total, earlywood, latewood) was due to within-tree differences (related to age of the disk). Stepwise regression analysis gave us equations to estimate wood characteristics, after which we analyzed the residuals with a linear model that included whether a disk was within or below the crown (defined as the lowest node on the stem with less than three live branches). After adjusting for tree and disk position, only 2–10% of the residual variation was associated with whether the disk was in or out of the live crown. There were no statistically significant differences at p = 0.05 between a given disk (by node number) in versus out of the crown for any of the factors studied. Moreover, the wood density characteristics were not statistically significant at p = 0.30. This research suggests that there was no effect of the crown position on the transition from juvenile to mature wood as judged by wood density. Therefore, we found no evidence to support the concept that tree spacing and live-branch pruning have a significant effect on the cambial age of transition from juvenile to mature wood in Douglas-fir trees of this age.

Ring width, climate and wood density relationships in two long-lived Tasmanian tree species

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Allen ◽  
David M. Drew ◽  
Geoffrey M. Downes ◽  
Robert Evans ◽  
Patrick Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Ring Width

Wood density of western hemlock: effect of ring width

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 638-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. DeBell ◽  
John C. Tappeiner II ◽  
Robert L. Krahmer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Wood Density ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Latewood Density ◽  
Earlywood Width ◽  
Average Wood

Wood density of western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) was determined by X-ray densitometry of strips from breast-height samples consisting of rings 20–24 from the pith. Ring parameters were averaged over the 5 years for each strip. Wood density was negatively correlated with radial growth rate. Average wood density dropped from 0.47 to 0.37 g/cm3 as average ring width increased from 2 to 8 mm. Wood density decreased at higher growth rates primarily because earlywood width increased while latewood width remained the same; as a result, percentage of latewood decreased. Earlywood density decreased slightly at higher growth rates, but latewood density was not significantly related to growth rate.

scholarly journals Growth and Wood Trait Relationships of Alnus glutinosa in Peatland Forest Stands With Contrasting Water Regimes

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Anadon-Rosell ◽  
Tobias Scharnweber ◽  
Georg von Arx ◽  
Richard L. Peters ◽  
Marko Smiljanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Density ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Wood Trait ◽  
Wood Traits ◽  
Extreme Flooding ◽  
Density Correlations

Human-driven peatland drainage has occurred in Europe for centuries, causing habitat degradation and leading to the emission of greenhouse gases. As such, in the last decades, there has been an increase in policies aiming at restoring these habitats through rewetting. Alder (Alnus glutinosa L.) is a widespread species in temperate forest peatlands with a seemingly high waterlogging tolerance. Yet, little is known about its specific response in growth and wood traits relevant for tree functioning when dealing with changing water table levels. In this study, we investigated the effects of rewetting and extreme flooding on alder growth and wood traits in a peatland forest in northern Germany. We took increment cores from several trees at a drained and a rewetted stand and analyzed changes in ring width, wood density, and xylem anatomical traits related to the hydraulic functioning, growth, and mechanical support for the period 1994–2018. This period included both the rewetting action and an extreme flooding event. We additionally used climate-growth and climate-density correlations to identify the stand-specific responses to climatic conditions. Our results showed that alder growth declined after an extreme flooding in the rewetted stand, whereas the opposite occurred in the drained stand. These changes were accompanied by changes in wood traits related to growth (i.e., number of vessels), but not in wood density and hydraulic-related traits. We found poor climate-growth and climate-density correlations, indicating that water table fluctuations have a stronger effect than climate on alder growth. Our results show detrimental effects on the growth of sudden water table changes leading to permanent waterlogging, but little implications for its wood density and hydraulic architecture. Rewetting actions should thus account for the loss of carbon allocation into wood and ensure suitable conditions for alder growth in temperate peatland forests.

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