Effect of low shear modeled microgravity on phenotypic and central chitin metabolism in the filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum

Metals are non-biodegradable and recurrent in the environs. Heavy metals tolerant fungi were isolated from refuse dumpsite soil using pour plate method. These fungi were identified as Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Rhizomucor sp. The fungal isolates were screened for cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) with concentration of 200ppm, 400ppm and 600ppm. Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum showed high tolerance for the metals in contrast to the control. The fungi with high tolerance were used for biosorption study. However, Penicillium chrysogenum showed higher lead removal or biosorption potential of 1.07ppm, 3.35ppm and 4.19ppm as compared with Aspergillus niger with lead removal of 0.67ppm, 3.11ppm and 3.79ppm at 5th, 10th and 15th day respectively. One-way Analysis of Variance was used to interpret the data generated from the biosorption study which revealed that there was no significant different (p > 0.05) between the lead removal of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum on the 5th day but there was significant difference (p < 0.05) in the lead removal of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum on the 10th and 15th day. This study suggests the use of these fungal isolates for removal and biotreatment of heavy metal contaminated and polluted environment

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Comparison of phenanthrene removal by Aspergillus niger ATC 16404 (filamentous fungi) and Pseudomonas putida KT2442 (bacteria) in enriched nutrient-liquid medium

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/140/1/012047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 012047

Author(s):

N Hamzah ◽

N A F M Kamil ◽

N Singhal ◽

L Padhye ◽

S Swift

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

Liquid Medium ◽

Filamentous Fungi

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Effects of Low-Shear Modeled Microgravity on the Characterization of Recombinant β-D-Glucuronidase Expressed in Pichia pastoris

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12010-010-9025-x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163 (1) ◽

pp. 162-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Feng Qi ◽

DaZhang Dai ◽

Yanli Liu ◽

Imdad Kaleem ◽

Chun Li

Keyword(s):

Pichia Pastoris ◽

Modeled Microgravity ◽

Low Shear

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Escherichia coli Biofilms Formed under Low-Shear Modeled Microgravity in a Ground-Based System

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02568-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 75 (3) ◽

pp. 886-886

Author(s):

S. V. Lynch ◽

K. Mukundakrishnan ◽

M. R. Benoit ◽

P. S. Ayyaswamy ◽

A. Matin

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Modeled Microgravity ◽

Low Shear

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The AngFus3 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Controls Hyphal Differentiation and Secondary Metabolism in Aspergillus niger

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00018-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 602-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Bert-Ewald Priegnitz ◽

Ulrike Brandt ◽

Khomaizon A. K. Pahirulzaman ◽

Jeroen S. Dickschat ◽

André Fleißner

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Map Kinase ◽

Secondary Metabolism ◽

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Cell Types ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Content Type ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Upstream Kinase

ABSTRACTAdaptation to a changing environment is essential for the survival and propagation of sessile organisms, such as plants or fungi. Filamentous fungi commonly respond to a worsening of their growth conditions by differentiation of asexually or sexually produced spores. The formation of these specialized cell types is, however, also triggered as part of the general life cycle by hyphal age or density. Spores typically serve for dispersal and, therefore, translocation but can also act as resting states to endure times of scarcity. Eukaryotic differentiation in response to environmental and self-derived signals is commonly mediated by three-tiered mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling cascades. Here, we report that the MAP kinase Fus3 of the black moldAspergillus niger(AngFus3) and its upstream kinase AngSte7 control vegetative spore formation and secondary metabolism. Mutants lacking these kinases are defective in conidium induction in response to hyphal density but are fully competent in starvation-induced sporulation, indicating that conidiation inA. nigeris triggered by various independent signals. In addition, the mutants exhibit an altered profile of volatile metabolites and secrete dark pigments into the growth medium, suggesting a dysregulation of the secondary metabolism. By assigning the AngFus3 MAP kinase pathway to the transduction of a potentially self-derived trigger, this work contributes to the unraveling of the intricate signaling networks controlling fungal differentiation. Moreover, our data further support earlier observations that differentiation and secondary metabolism are tightly linked in filamentous fungi.

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Effects of Low-Shear Modeled Microgravity on Cell Function, Gene Expression, and Phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.03050-05 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 4569-4575 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

B. Purevdorj-Gage ◽

K. B. Sheehan ◽

L. E. Hyman

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Cell Function ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Lag Phase ◽

Limited Information ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Modeled Microgravity ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Low Shear

ABSTRACT Only limited information is available concerning the effects of low-shear modeled microgravity (LSMMG) on cell function and morphology. We examined the behavior of Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in a high-aspect-ratio vessel, which simulates the low-shear and microgravity conditions encountered in spaceflight. With the exception of a shortened lag phase (90 min less than controls; P < 0.05), yeast cells grown under LSMMG conditions did not differ in growth rate, size, shape, or viability from the controls but did differ in the establishment of polarity as exhibited by aberrant (random) budding compared to the usual bipolar pattern of controls. The aberrant budding was accompanied by an increased tendency of cells to clump, as indicated by aggregates containing five or more cells. We also found significant changes (greater than or equal to twofold) in the expression of genes associated with the establishment of polarity (BUD5), bipolar budding (RAX1, RAX2, and BUD25), and cell separation (DSE1, DSE2, and EGT2). Thus, low-shear environments may significantly alter yeast gene expression and phenotype as well as evolutionary conserved cellular functions such as polarization. The results provide a paradigm for understanding polarity-dependent cell responses to microgravity ranging from pathogenesis in fungi to the immune response in mammals.

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