Diversity, regeneration, and anthropogenic disturbance in major Indian Central Himalayan forest types: implications for conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddhartha Kaushal ◽  
Anshu Siwach ◽  
Ratul Baishya
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Indian Central

scholarly journals Trends in Soil Carbon Stockpile of Three Major Forests Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Indian Central Himalaya

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
CS Bohra ◽  
SK Tewari ◽  
MD Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Indian Central ◽  
Sal Forest ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
High Tree Density

Current investigation reveals the stock of soil organic carbon (SOC) along with altitudinal gradients in Oak (Quercus leuchotrichophora), Pine (Pinus roxburghii) and Sal (Shorea robusta) dominant forests in Shiwalik region of Kumaun Himalayas in India. The estimated soil organic carbon was found 16.0 ± 4.3 to 19.4 ± 6.4 g kg-1 for Oak, 17.8 ± 2.0 to 25.6 ± 1.6 g kg-1 for Pine and 15.8 ± 2.2 to 21.4 ± 1.9 g kg-1 for Sal forests, respectively in 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil depths. SOC stock was found to be in decreasing pattern with increasing altitude from 193.6 to 166.4, 146.4 to 137.6 and 159.2 to 141.6 t C ha-1 in Oak, Pine and Sal forests, respectively. It is an indicator of higher biological activity or anthropogenic disturbance associated with top layers of these forest areas. Higher SOC was recorded in Sal forest compared to Oak. In Sal forest, high tree density leads to higher accumulation of SOC compared to conifers while it was low in wide spread Pine forest, resulting in less storage of carbon stock in turn. ECOPRINT 21: 7-13, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11898

The Indian Central Bureaucracy: Responsive to Whom?

Asian Survey ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1126-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J. Encarnation
Keyword(s):  
Indian Central

Geobotanical mapping of vegetation in "Stolby" Reserve

2002 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
V. I. Vlasenko ◽  
M. G. Erunova ◽  
I. S. Scerbinina
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Topographic Map ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Mapping Unit ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
North West ◽  
Mountain Part ◽  
Mountain Taiga

The reserve “Stolby” is characteristic key plot of the mountain-taiga and subtaiga-forest steppe altitudinal belts in the East Sayan Mountains, where anthropogenic influence is the least pronounced. It was founded in 1925, in 15 km southward of Krasnoyarsk city, on north-west spurs of the Western Sayan Mountains which adjoin closely to right bank of the Yenisei River bordering upon the Middle Siberian Plateau. Reserve's physiography is characterized by low mountain and middle mountain erosion-accumulation relief with absolute heights of 200-800 m. Low mountain part (200-500 m) is composed of loose sedimentary rocks. In the middle mountain part of the reserve (500-800 m) there are outcrops of sienite rocks of various stages of destruction. Vegetation and soils of the reserve change in agreement with absolute heights and climate. In low mountains spread the subtaiga and forest-steppe leaved-light needle forests on mountain grey forest soils (8.1 % of reserve territory); the middle mountain part is occupied by the light needle and dark needle taiga forests on mountain podzol soils (91.9 % of the area). As the basement for vegetation map we took the map of forest environments of reserve by T. N. Butorina compiled according to materials of land forest management of 1977 year. As the result of forest management near 2000 biogeocoenoses were distinguished. The type of biogeocoenosis, according to V. N. Sukachev, is selected as mapping unit. Biogeocoenoses were united into 70 groups of forest types, representing 21 series of associations which are reflected in the map legend (Fig. 1). The main goal of map is to show the territorial distribution of groups and series of types of biogeocoenoses in the main structural units - altitudinal be't complexes (ВПК) which are equivalents of altitudinal vegetation belts. For designation of forest tree species various kinds of hatches were used. Formations of Siberian pine, larch, pine, fir, spruce, birch and aspen forests are shown on the map. Within the ВПК arabic numerals show the groups of types of biogeocoenoses (forest types), united into series according to similarity of dominants in ground layer. The mountain-taiga ВПК includes the following series and groups of types of biogeocoenoses: dwarf-shrub-moss (1-4); sedge-moss (5-9); bilberry-low herb-moss (10-14); tall herb-sedge (15-19); tall herb-wood sour-moss (20-26); tall herb-small reed (27-32). The subtaiga-forest steppe ВГ1К embraces: shrub steppificated (33-34); shrub-forb steppificated (35-38): sedge- bilberry (39-40); sedge-forb (41-43); bracken (44); small reed-forb (45); bilberrv-forb- sedge (46, 47); forb-tall herb (48-51); tall herb (52-55); wet tall herb-small reed (56-59); fern-tall herb (60). Intrazonal phytocoenoses: brook tall herb (61-63); brook shrub (64-68); lichen-moss (69); cowberry (70). In 1999-2000 on the base of topographic map in a scale 1 : 25 000, map of forest environments, transformed by us into vegetation map of the reserve, M. J . Erunova and I. S. Scerbinina worked out an electronic variant. For this project the instrumental facilities of GIS, GeoDraw and GeoGraph (CGI IG RAS, Moscow) and programs of Geophyt were used.

A scientific approach for the application of criteria for setting up multiannual programmes and zonal afforestation plans in the framework of the council regulation No. 2080/92

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lust
Keyword(s):  
Social Aspects ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Good Insight ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
New Forest ◽  
Council Regulation ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
Insight Into

A  successful and justified multiannual afforestation programme requires a good  insight into the objectives and awareness of the constraints of the new  forests, a planning strategy and a thorough research on the missing aspects.      Socio-economic constraints mainly relate to social aspects of the farmers  involved, who must be assured of a viable income.     Therefore the new forest types and silvicultural systems should produce a  reasonable return, without neglecting however the global multiple use  objective.     Planning has to deal with specific goals, the area of new forests, the  location and size, accompanying measures and a time scale.

Identifying economically relevant forest types from global satellite data

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 102452
Author(s):  
Ben Filewod ◽  
Shashi Kant
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Forest Types

scholarly journals Imitated Whole Tree Harvesting Show Negligible Effect on Economic Value of Spruce Stands

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Iveta Desaine ◽  
Annija Kārkliņa ◽  
Roberts Matisons ◽  
Anna Pastare ◽  
Andis Adamovičs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Tree Harvesting

The increased removal of forest-derived biomass with whole-tree harvesting (WTH) has raised concerns about the long-term productivity and sustainability of forest ecosystems. If true, this effect needs to be factored in the assessment of long-term feasibility to implement such a drastic forest management measure. Therefore, the economic performance of five experimental plantations in three different forest types, where in 1971 simulated WTH event occurred, was compared with pure, planted and conventionally managed (CH) Norway spruce stands of similar age and growing conditions. Potential incomes of CH and WTH stands were based on timber prices for period 2014–2020. However, regarding the economics of root and stump biomass utilization, they were not included in the estimates. In any given price level, the difference of internal rate of return between the forest types and selected managements were from 2.5% to 6.2%. Therefore, Norway spruce stands demonstrate good potential of independence regardless of stump removal at the previous rotation.

Decade-scale change in testate amoebae community primarily driven by anthropogenic disturbance than natural change in a large subtropical reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
pp. 147026
Author(s):  
Jean Claude Ndayishimiye ◽  
Tian Lin ◽  
Pascaline Nyirabuhoro ◽  
Gan Zhang ◽  
Wenjing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Disturbance ◽  
Testate Amoebae ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
Natural Change

scholarly journals Effects of Urban Forest Types and Traits on Soil Organic Carbon Stock in Beijing

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 394
Author(s):  
Xinhui Xu ◽  
Zhenkai Sun ◽  
Zezhou Hao ◽  
Qi Bian ◽  
Kaiyue Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Organic Carbon Stock

Forests can affect soil organic carbon (SOC) quality and distribution through forest types and traits. However, much less is known about the influence of urban forests on SOC, especially in the effects of different forest types, such as coniferous and broadleaved forests. Our objectives were to assess the effects of urban forest types on the variability of SOC content (SOC concentration (SOCC) and SOC density (SOCD)) and determine the key forest traits influencing SOC. Data from 168 urban forest plots of coniferous or broadleaved forests located in the Beijing urban area were used to predict the effects of forest types and traits on SOC in three different soil layers, 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm. The analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to test the differences in SOC between forest types or layers. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used to explain the influence of forest traits on SOC and select the significant predictors. Our results showed that in urban forests, the SOCC and SOCD values of the coniferous forest group were both significantly higher than those of the broadleaved group. The SOCC of the surface soil was significantly higher than those of the following two deep layers. In PLSR models, 42.07% of the SOCC variance and 35.83% of the SOCD variance were explained by forest traits. Diameter at breast height was selected as the best predictor variable by comparing variable importance in projection (VIP) scores in the models. The results suggest that forest types and traits could be used as an optional approach to assess the organic carbon stock in urban forest soils. This study found substantial effects of urban forest types and traits on soil organic carbon sequestration, which provides important data support for urban forest planning and management.

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