scholarly journals A Trauma-Informed, Family-Centered, Virtual Home Visiting Program for Young Children: One-Year Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Mogil ◽  
Nastassia Hajal ◽  
Hilary Aralis ◽  
Blair Paley ◽  
Norweeta G. Milburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Family Centered ◽  
Parent Child

AbstractMilitary-connected families face many challenges associated with military life transitions, including deployment separations. We report on a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of Families OverComing Under Stress-Early Childhood (FOCUS-EC) delivered through an in-home, virtual telehealth platform. FOCUS-EC is a trauma-informed, family-centered preventive intervention designed to promote family resilience and well-being. Military-connected families with 3- to 6-year-old children (194 mothers; 155 fathers; 199 children) were randomized to FOCUS-EC or an online education condition. Parent psychological health symptoms, child behavior, parenting, and parent–child relationships were examined by parent-report and observed interaction tasks for up to 12 months. Longitudinal regression models indicated that FOCUS-EC families demonstrated significantly greater improvements than online education families in parent-reported and observational measures of child behavior, parenting practices, and parent–child interaction, as well as greater reductions in parent posttraumatic stress symptoms. Findings provide support for the benefit of a virtually-delivered preventive intervention for military-connected families.

scholarly journals The Influence of Connectedness to Nature on Psychological Well-Being: Evidence from the Randomized Controlled Trial Play&Grow

Challenges ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Tanja Sobko ◽  
Gavin T. L. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Connectedness To Nature ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Urbanized children today have fewer opportunities to interact with nature which may lead to a greater risk of mental health problems. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate which particular changes in connectedness to nature (CN) would improve psychological well-being (PW) in young children. Six hundred and thirty-nine preschoolers (52.0% boys, age 34.9 ± 9.5 months) participated in Play&Grow, an early environmental education intervention. Children’s CN and PW were evaluated by parents before and after the program with validated measures; the CNI-PPC (four factors) and the SDQ, Strength and Difficulties questionnaire (five factors), respectively. The effectiveness of the intervention on the primary outcomes (CN, PW) as well as the relationship between them was analyzed in a repeated measures path model with intervention status as a causal predictor. Specific CN factors consistently increased ProSocial behavior and reduced Hyperactivity and Emotional problems. In summary, this study showed that the previously reported impact shifted from the total CN score to the specific CN factors. The Play&Grow intervention positively increased children’s CN and improved some aspects of psychological well-being in children which is a preliminary evidence of developmental benefits of connecting young children with nature. Our results indicate promising direction of action for the improvement of families’ psychological health.

scholarly journals Latino Immigrant Children's Health: Effects of Sociodemographic Variables and of a Preventive Intervention Program

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Rausch ◽  
Mary McCord ◽  
Milagros Batista ◽  
Elizabeth Anisfeld
Keyword(s):  
Home Visiting ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Children's Health ◽  
Children’S Health ◽  
Latino Immigrant ◽  
Home Visitation Program ◽  
Future Program ◽  
Health And Well Being

The number of Latino immigrant children is expanding rapidly, and the factors that affect their health are multiple and interlinked. We therefore propose to describe the sociodemographic characteristics of a mostly Dominican immigrant population, to examine to what extent immigrant status and other factors play a role in determining measures of their children's health and well-being, and finally to investigate whether a home visiting intervention modified any of these factors. The data were collected as part of an evaluation of a primary prevention home visitation program for high-risk mothers and their children. Bivariate and multivariate models were constructed to investigate the factors that affected the outcome variables. We found that numerous factors, especially a composite for overall stress, affected the health and well-being of participant children. We also demonstrated that the visitation program had a positive effect on many of these outcomes. Future program planners will need to understand the strengths and weaknesses of the specific population they serve.

Promoting post-traumatic growth in cancer patients: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial of guided written disclosure

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Cafaro ◽  
Luca Iani ◽  
Massimo Costantini ◽  
Silvia Di Leo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Writing Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic

This multicenter study investigates the efficacy of the guided disclosure protocol in promoting post-traumatic growth, through meaning reconstruction, in cancer patients after adjuvant chemotherapy. Participants will be randomized to guided disclosure protocol or to an active control condition. Both conditions consist of three 20-minute writing sessions. Experimental participants verbalize emotions, describe events, and reflect on trauma effects. Control participants write about their past week’s daily routine. Patients, blinded to treatment assignment, will complete questionnaires at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-up. This study will improve knowledge concerning the effects of writing interventions on psychological health and well-being in cancer patients.

scholarly journals Monitoring adverse social and medical events in public health trials: assessing predictors and interpretation against a proposed model of adverse event reporting

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenllian Moody ◽  
Katy Addison ◽  
Rebecca Cannings-John ◽  
Julia Sanders ◽  
Carolyn Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Event ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Good Clinical Practice ◽  
Adverse Event Reporting ◽  
Behaviour Score

Abstract Background Although adverse event (AE) monitoring in trials focusses on medical events, social outcomes may be important in public or social care trials. We describe our approach to reporting and categorising medical and other AE reports, using a case study trial. We explore predictors of medical and social AEs, and develop a model for conceptualising safety monitoring. Methods The Building Blocks randomised controlled trial of specialist home visiting recruited 1618 first-time mothers aged 19 years or under at 18 English sites. Event reports collected during follow-up were independently reviewed and categorised as either Medical (standard Good Clinical Practice definition), or Social (trial-specific definition). A retrospectively developed system was created to classify AEs. Univariate analyses explored the association between baseline participant and study characteristics and the subsequent reporting of events. Factors significantly associated at this stage were progressed to binary logistic regressions to assess independent predictors. Results A classification system was derived for reported AEs that distinguished between Medical or Social AEs. One thousand, three hundred and fifteen event reports were obtained for mothers or their babies (1033 Medical, 257 Social). Allocation to the trial intervention arm was associated with increased likelihood of Medical rather than Social AE reporting. Poorer baseline psycho-social status predicted both Medical and Social events, and poorer psycho-social status better predicted Social rather than Medical events. Baseline predictors of Social AEs included being younger at recruitment (OR = 0.78 (CI = 0.67 to 0.90), p = 0.001), receiving benefits (OR = 1.60 (CI = 1.09 to 2.35), p = 0.016), and having a higher antisocial behaviour score (OR = 1.22 (CI = 1.09 to 1.36), p < 0.001). Baseline predictors of Medical AEs included having a limiting long-term illness (OR = 1.37 (CI = 1.01 to 1.88), p = 0.046), poorer mental health (OR = 1.03 (CI = 1.01 to 1.05), p = 0.004), and being in the intervention arm of the trial (OR = 1.34 (CI = 1.07 to 1.70), p = 0.012). Conclusions Continuity between baseline and subsequent adverse experiences was expected despite potentially beneficial intervention impact. We hypothesise that excess events reported for intervention-arm participants is likely attributable to surveillance bias. We interpreted our findings against a new model that explicates processes that may drive event occurrence, presentation and reporting. Focussing only upon Medical events may miss the well-being and social circumstances that are important for interpreting intervention safety and participant management. Trial registration ISRCTN, ID: ISRCTN23019866. Registered on 20 April 2009.

Effects of Yoga on Psychological Health in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1334-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberlee Bethany Bonura ◽  
Gershon Tenenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
General Self Efficacy

Background:The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a yoga intervention on psychological health in older adults.Method:A randomized controlled trial study, conducted at 2 North Florida facilities for older adults. Subjects were 98 older adults, ages 65 to 92. Participants were randomly assigned to chair yoga, chair exercise, and control groups and assessed preintervention, postintervention, and 1-month follow-up on the State Anger Expression Inventory, State Anxiety Inventory, Geriatric Depression Scale, Lawton’s PGC Morale Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales, and Self- Control Schedule.Results:Yoga participants improved more than both exercise and control participants in anger (Cohen’s d = 0.89 for yoga versus exercise, and 0.90 for yoga versus control, pretest to posttest; and d = 0.90 and 0.72, pretest to follow-up), anxiety (d = 0.27, 0.39 and 0.62, 0.63), depression (d = 0.47, 0.49 and 0.53, 0.51), well-being (d = 0.14, 0.49 and 0.25, 0.61), general self-efficacy (d = 0.63, 1.10 and 0.30, 0.85), and self-efficacy for daily living (d = 0.52, 0.81 and 0.27, 0.42). Changes in self-control moderated changes in psychological health.Conclusions:Over a 6-week period, our findings indicate yoga’s potential for improving psychological health in older adults.

scholarly journals Meta-Analytic Structural Equation Modeling of the Influences of Family-Centered Care on Parent and Child Psychological Health

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl J. Dunst ◽  
Carol M. Trivette
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Family Centered Care ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Family Centered

Background. Family-centered care is now practiced throughout the world by physicians, nurses, and allied health care professionals. The call for adoption of family-centered care is based on the contention that the physical and psychological health of a child is influenced by parents' psychological health where family-centered care enhances parent well-being which in turn influences child well-being. We empirically assessed whether these relationships are supported by available evidence.Method. Meta-analytic structural equation modeling was used to test the direct and indirect influences of family-centered care and self-efficacy beliefs on parent and child psychological health. Data from more than 2900 parents and other caregivers in 15 studies were used for the analyses.Results. Family-centered care had indirect effects on parent and child psychological health mediated by self-efficacy beliefs.Conclusion. The relationships posited in the literature about family-centered care were supported by the study results.

scholarly journals A Digital Tool to Build the Capacity of Leaders to Improve Working Conditions Related to Psychological Health and Well-Being in Teams: Intervention Approach, Prototype, and Evaluation Design of the Web-Application “wecoach”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa A. Grimm ◽  
Georg F. Bauer ◽  
Gregor J. Jenny
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Design ◽  
Improve Working ◽  
Intervention Approach ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
The Web

The “wecoach” is a web-application that builds the capacities of team leaders to improve working conditions that are positively related to the psychological health and well-being of their team members. The web-application works through an automated, rule-based chat enhanced by machine learning. This so-called conversational agent guides the team leader through a systematic project cycle, providing a mind map of work and health, training materials, self-assessments, and online tools to conduct team surveys and workshops, as well as self-evaluation of progress and effectiveness. In this paper, we present the development process of this web-application, which resulted in (1) a comprehensive intervention approach, (2) the prototype, and (3) the implementation of an evaluation design for a multi-level, randomized controlled trial.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Survey of an Ongoing Public Multimodal Intervention for Cognitive Health for Older Adults in Times of Covid-19 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Studer-Luethi ◽  
Maria Brasser ◽  
Simon Lusti ◽  
Rahel Schaerli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multimodal Intervention

Abstract BackgroundIn recent decades, the proportion of older adults in the population has continued to rise and with it the need for intervention programs to maintain cognitive functions into old age. Multiple lifestyle factors, first and foremost physical, cognitive, and social activities, have been shown to be crucial to forestalling decline in cognitive functions. However, since Covid-19 has curtailed opportunities for such activities, strategies must be designed to support older adults to remain cognitively healthy. MethodsThis study describes a newly developed ongoing publicly available preventive intervention, called brain coach, to support and stimulate cognitive activity in older adults. The intervention consists of weekly recommendations for evidence-based physical, cognitive, social, mindful, and creative activation exercises that can be integrated in daily life. 660 participants participated in an online cross-sectional survey examining experienced benefits and changes in relation to the program.ResultsParticipants reported benefits in memory, well-being, attitudes towards the brain, and lifestyle habits. Importantly, time invested in the intervention as well as some characteristics of participants, such as personality and positive attitude toward brain health, show positive relationships with these experienced benefits. Further research will explore the effects of such a multimodal intervention in a longitudinal randomized controlled trial study.

scholarly journals Maternal Parenting Electronic Diary in the Context of a Home Visit Intervention for Adolescent Mothers in an Urban Deprived Area of São Paulo, Brazil: Randomized Controlled Trial

10.2196/13686 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e13686
Author(s):  
Daniel Fatori ◽  
Adriana Argeu ◽  
Helena Brentani ◽  
Anna Chiesa ◽  
Lislaine Fracolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Adolescents ◽  
Maternal Parenting ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Nurse Home Visiting

Background Pregnancy during adolescence is prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which is associated with various adverse outcomes that can be prevented with home visiting programs. However, testing these interventions in LMICs can be challenging due to limited resources. The use of electronic data collection via smartphones can be an alternative and ideal low-cost method to measure outcomes in an environment with adverse conditions. Objective Our study had two objectives: to test the efficacy of a nurse home visiting intervention on maternal parenting and well-being measured by an electronic daily diary (eDiary), and to investigate the compliance rate of the eDiary measurement method. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of Primeiros Laços, a nurse home visiting program, for adolescent mothers living in an urban deprived area of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 169 pregnant adolescents were assessed for eligibility criteria, 80 of whom were included and randomized to the intervention (n=40) and control group (care as usual, n=40). Primeiros Laços is a home visiting intervention delivered by trained nurses tailored to first-time pregnant adolescents and their children, starting during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy until the child reaches 24 months of age. Participants were assessed by blind interviewers at 8-16 weeks of pregnancy (baseline), 30 weeks of pregnancy, and when the child was 3, 6, and 12 months of age. At 18 months, participants were assessed regarding maternal parenting and parental well-being using a 7-consecutive-day eDiary. The smartphone app was programmed to notify participants every day at 9:00 PM over a period of seven days. Results We were able to contact 57/80 (71%) participants (29 from the intervention group and 28 from the control group) when the child was 18 months of age. Forty-eight of the 57 participants (84%) completed at least one day of the eDiary protocol. The daily compliance rate ranged from 49% to 70%. Our analyses showed a significant effect of the intervention on parental well-being (B=0.32, 95% CI [0.06, 0.58], P=.02) and the maternal parenting behavior of the mother telling a story or singing to the child (odds ratio=2.33, 95% CI [1.20, 4.50], P=.01).Our analyses showed a significant effect of the intervention on parental well-being (B=0.32, P=.02) and the maternal parenting behavior of the mother telling a story or singing to the child (odds ratio=2.33, P=.01). Conclusions The Primeiros Laços intervention improved maternal parenting and parental well-being, demonstrating its promise for low-income adolescent mothers. The compliance rate of the eDiary assessment showed that it was generally accepted by adolescent mothers with limited resources. Future studies can implement ambulatory assessment in LMICs via smartphones to measure mother and child behaviors. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02807818; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02807818

scholarly journals A Science of Hope? Tracing Emergent Entanglements between the Biology of Early Life Adversity, Trauma-informed Care, and Restorative Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 016224392097409
Author(s):  
Ruth Müller ◽  
Martha Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Trauma Informed Care ◽  
Trauma Informed

The biology of early life adversity explores how social experiences early in life affect physical and psychological health and well-being throughout the life course. In our previous work, we argued that narratives emerging from and about this research field tend to focus on harm and lasting damage with little discussion of reversibility and resilience. However, as the Science and Technology Studies literature has demonstrated, scientific research can be actively taken up and transformed as it moves through social worlds. Drawing on fieldwork with actors in education and juvenile corrections in the US Pacific Northwest, we found that they employed the biology of early life adversity not only to promote prevention but also to argue for changes within their own institutions that would allow them to better serve children and youth who have experienced adversity and trauma. Our study shows that biosocial narratives are neither inherently liberatory nor inherently oppressive but that the situated narrative choreographies in which they are enrolled are essential for their political effects. In our case, we show how these biosocial narratives have been articulated with knowledge and practices from restorative justice and trauma-informed care to reimagine the social meaning of the biology of early life adversity.

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