Assessing the cellulase enzyme heterogeneity of bacterial strains and their feedback to cattle manure degradation in a greenhouse model of in vivo pond ecosystem

AbstractThioureas and their derivatives are organosulfur compounds having applications in numerous fields such as organic synthesis and pharmaceutical industries. Symmetric thiourea derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of various anilines with CS2. The synthesized compounds were characterized using the UV-visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. The compounds were screened for in vitro inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) enzymes and for their antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. These compounds were fed to Swiss male albino mice to evaluate their toxicological effects and potential to inhibit glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) inhibition. The antibacterial studies revealed that compound 4 was more active against the selected bacterial strains. Compound 1 was more active against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) free radicals, AChE, BuChE, and α-glucosidase. Compound 2 was more potent against α-amylase and G6Pase. Toxicity studies showed that compound 4 is safe as it exerted no toxic effect on any of the hematological and biochemical parameters or on liver histology of the experimental animals at any studied dose rate. The synthesized compounds showed promising antibacterial and antioxidant potential and were very active (both in vitro and in vivo) against G6Pase and moderately active against the other selected enzymes used in this study.

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Cellulase enzyme catalyst producing bacterial strains from vermicompost and its application in low-density polyethylene degradation

Chemosphere ◽

10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132552 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 132552

Author(s):

Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy ◽

Rajalakshmi Sridharan ◽

P. Senthil Kumar ◽

Mariyam Jaffer Fathima

Keyword(s):

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Low Density ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Cellulase Enzyme ◽

Enzyme Catalyst

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Safety Evaluation of Multiple Strains ofLactobacillus plantarumandPediococcus pentosaceusin Wistar Rats Based on the Ames Test and a 28-Day Feeding Study

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/928652 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cheng-Chih Tsai ◽

Sew-Fen Leu ◽

Quan-Rong Huang ◽

Lan-Chun Chou ◽

Chun-Chih Huang

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Clinical Chemistry ◽

Toxicity Study ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Short Term ◽

Mutagenic Potential ◽

Multiple Strains

Three lactic acid bacterial strains,Lactobacillus plantarum, HK006, and HK109, andPediococcus pentosaceusPP31 exhibit probiotic potential as antiallergy agents, both in vitro and in vivo. However, the safety of these new strains requires evaluation when isolated from infant faeces or pickled cabbage. Multiple strains (HK006, HK109, and PP31) were subject to a bacterial reverse mutation assay and a short-term oral toxicity study. The powder product exhibited mutagenic potential inSalmonellaTyphimurium strains TA98 and TA1535 (with or without metabolic activation). In the short-term oral toxicity study, rats received a normal dosage of 390 mg/kg/d (approximately9×109 CFU/kg/d) or a high dosage of 1950 mg/kg/d (approximately4.5×1010 CFU/kg/d) for 28 d. No adverse effects were observed regarding the general condition, behaviour, growth, feed and water consumption, haematology, clinical chemistry indices, organ weights, or histopathologic analysis of the rats. These studies have demonstrated that the consumption of multiple bacterial strains is not associated with any signs of mutagenicity ofS.Typhimurium or toxicity in Wistar rats, even after consuming large quantities of bacteria.

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In vitro and in vivo screening of antagonistic bacterial strains from vineyards to controlBotrytis cinereain grapevine tissues

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2016.1144.12 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 85-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. Haidar ◽

C. Calvo-Garrido ◽

J. Roudet ◽

T. Gautier ◽

A. Deschamps ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Strains ◽

In Vivo Screening

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In vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity of Ulva lactuca Linn. (Green algae) associated endophytic bacterial Strains

Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science ◽

10.7324/japs.2016.601019 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 138-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Prasanna Habbu ◽

Vijayanand Warad ◽

Rajesh Shastri ◽

Chetan Savant ◽

Smita Madagundi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Green Algae ◽

Ulva Lactuca ◽

Bacterial Strains

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Complementary Effect of Non-Persistent Silver Nano-Architectures and Chlorhexidine on Infected Wound Healing

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9091215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1215

Author(s):

Mykola Pernakov ◽

Maria Laura Ermini ◽

Oksana Sulaieva ◽

Domenico Cassano ◽

Marco Santucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Infected Wound ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Efficacy Evaluation ◽

Complementary Effect ◽

Macrophages Polarization ◽

Bacteriological Profile ◽

Purulent Wound ◽

The Common

Surgical site infection (SSI) substantially contributes each year to patients’ morbidity and mortality, accounting for about 15% of all nosocomial infections. SSI drastically increases the rehab stint and expenses while jeopardizing health outcomes. Besides prevention, the treatment regime relies on an adequate antibiotic therapy. On the other hand, resistant bacterial strains have currently reached up to 34.3% of the total infections, and this percentage grows annually, reducing the efficacy of the common treatment schemes. Thus, new antibacterial strategies are urgently demanded. Here, we demonstrated in rats the effectiveness of non-persistent silver nano-architectures (AgNAs) in infected wound healing together with their synergistic action in combination with chlorhexidine. Besides the in vivo efficacy evaluation, we performed analysis of the bacteriological profile of purulent wound, histological evaluations, and macrophages polarization quantifications to further validate our findings and elucidate the possible mechanisms of AgNAs action on wound healing. These findings open the way for the composition of robust multifunctional nanoplatforms for the translation of safe and efficient topical treatments of SSI.

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IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND IN VIVO ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF TWO POTENTIAL PROBIOTIC ENTEROCOCCUS SPP. ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i3.40321 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 94-98

Author(s):

KAMNI RAJPUT ◽

RAMESH CHANDRA DUBEY

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Rats ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Bacterial Cells ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Animal Group ◽

Enterococcus Spp

Objective: In vitro antioxidant activity, in vivo antidiabetic property and intestinal attachment by two potential probiotic bacterial strains, namely, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus hirae were studied using albino rats. Methods: Antioxidant the activity was assessed using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals scavenging assay. Alloxan was administered intraperitoneally to induce diabetic conditions in experimental rats. Animals were treated with oral administration of Enterococcus spp., such as E. faecium, and E. hirae isolated from goat and sheep milk. The control animal group received normal saline for the same days. Glibenclamide drug was used as a positive control against probiotic bacterial cells. Results: However, administration of probiotic bacterial strains E. faecium and E. hirae, in albino rats significantly (p<0.05) at varying doses lowered blood glucose levels in diabetic rats as compared to the diabetic control group. Both the species of Enterococcus increased the bodyweight of experimental rats. However, E. faecium was the best antidiabetic strain having the antioxidant activities also in comparison to E. hirae. The attachment of probiotic bacterial cells E. faecium on the rat’s intestine wall against pathogens was examined. Furthermore, E. faecium showed its aggregation with pathogens by attachment of the intestines of albino rats. This showed that both the bacterial strains exhibited in vivo antidiabetic effect. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that probiotic bacteria possess antioxidant, antidiabetic activities, and attachment of intestine.

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Preparation, Characterization & Biological activity for Some Iron(II) Complexes Containing Mixed Ligands (Benzilazine & Semicarbazone) & Study of Laser Effect on Them

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.11.2.358-370 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 358-370

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Agar Plate ◽

Visible Region ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Melting Points ◽

Noticeable Effect ◽

Mixed Ligands ◽

Mononuclear Complexes ◽

Laser Effect ◽

Males And Females

The research included preparation of new iron(II) complexes with mixed ligands including benzilazine(BA) and semicarbazone ligands {benzilsemicarbazone- BSCH or benzilbis(semicarba-zone)- BBSCH2 or salicylaldehydesemicarbazone- SSCH2 or benzoinsemicarbazone- B'SCH2}.by classical and microwave methods. The resulted complexes have been characterized using chemical and physical methods. The study suggested that the above ligands form ionic complexes having formulae [Fe(SCHi)(BA)(Cl)m](Cl)2-m {where SCH, BSCH, BBSCH2, SSCH¬2 or B'SCH2 ligands; m=1 or 2}. Hexacoordinated mononuclear complexes have been investigated by this study and having octahedral geometries. The effect of laser ray type visible region have been studied on solid ligands and complexes for 1-3 hours, all the semicarbazone ligands have been affected slightly which can be neglected through the results of decomposition or melting points, while azine ligand does not affected by this kind of ray, i.e. stable ligand. Whereas, a noticeable effect have been observed on the most complexes through the results of decomposition or melting points which suggest the change in their structures, meanwhile the other complexes affected slightly by this kind of radiation which suggests the breaking of the hydrogen bond only. The activity of all the salt, ligands and complexes have been evaluated by agar plate diffusion techniques against human pathogenic bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas auruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, Proteus mirabilis and Entero-bacter aerogenes. All the ligands and complexes were found to have antibacterial activity against all the bacteria in vivo. The activity of all the ligands and complexes have been evaluated on Tonsillitis from males and females. They show very good activity against this pathogen

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The Interaction of N-Acetylcysteine and Serum Transferrin Promotes Bacterial Biofilm Formation

Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1159/000487566 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (4) ◽

pp. 1399-1409 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Supeng Yin ◽

Bei Jiang ◽

Guangtao Huang ◽

Yulong Zhang ◽

Bo You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Serum ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Serum Proteins ◽

Venous Catheter ◽

Bacterial Biofilm ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Bacterial Strains

Background/Aims: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a novel and promising agent with activity against bacterial biofilms. Human serum also inhibits biofilm formation by some bacteria. We tested whether the combination of NAC and human serum offers greater anti-biofilm activity than either agent alone. Methods: Microtiter plate assays and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to evaluate bacterial biofilm formation in the presence of NAC and human serum. qPCR was used to examine expression of selected biofilm-associated genes. Extracellular matrix (ECM) was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The antioxidants GSH or ascorbic acid were used to replace NAC, and human transferrin, lactoferrin, or bovine serum albumin were used to replace serum proteins in biofilm formation assays. A rat central venous catheter model was developed to evaluate the effect of NAC on biofilm formation in vivo. Results: NAC and serum together increased biofilm formation by seven different bacterial strains. In Staphylococcus aureus, expression of genes for some global regulators and for genes in the ica-dependent pathway increased markedly. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, transcription of las, the PQS quorum sensing (QS) systems, and the two-component system GacS/GacA increased significantly. ECM production by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was also enhanced. The potentiation of biofilm formation is due mainly to interaction between NAC and transferrin. Intravenous administration of NAC increased colonization by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa on implanted catheters. Conclusions: NAC used intravenously or in the presence of blood increases bacterial biofilm formation rather than inhibits it.

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PRO-INFLAMMATORY MOLECULAR AND INFLAMMATORY MECHANISMS OF SULFUR METABOLISM IN IBD-RELEVANT CLOSTRIDIA SPECIES

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/izaa347.072 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S30-S31

Author(s):

Gabriel Suarez ◽

Bo Liu ◽

Jeremy Herzog ◽

Ryan Sartor

Keyword(s):

Sulfur Metabolism ◽

Cellular Respiration ◽

Bile Acid Metabolism ◽

Bile Salt Hydrolase ◽

Oxygen Binding ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Healthy Human ◽

H2s Production

Abstract Sulfur metabolism is emerging as a signature of IBD gut microbiota. Overrepresentation of sulfur-reducing bacteria (SRB) in IBD results in SRB-derived epithelial toxic H2S production that can overwhelm the body’s detoxification capacity, leading to impaired cellular respiration by inhibiting oxygen binding to mitochondrial cytochrome-c-oxidase. Butyrate potently inhibits SRBs and H2S, yet IBD patients have reduced short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. More critically, H2S blocks butyrate oxidation, the primary energy source of colonocytes; butyrate oxidation deficiency is a defining characteristic of IBD. Since cysteine is the preferred substrate for H2S production by SRBs, a cysteine-rich environment provided by either a high protein diet or local intestinal mucus degradation promotes ideal conditions for SRB establishment and proliferation. SRBs can catabolize other sulfur-containing compounds critical for immune homeostasis and cellular health, such as taurine-conjugated bile acids and the “master antioxidant” glutathione, leading to further toxic H2S production. However, the molecular underpinnings of sulfur metabolism by specific bacterial genera is understudied in IBD. Results: Using a combination of in-vivo and in-vitro screening to detect the relative induction of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and interferon g (IFNg) by 19 resident bacterial strains isolated from a healthy human donor, we identified 4 bacterial strains that induce a low IL-10/IFNg ratio. These 4 strains (low group), but not 3 bacterial strains that induce a high IL-10/IFNg ratio, induce colitis in selectively colonized gnotobiotic Il10-/- mice (Fig.1A). Two of these 4 disease-inducing strains, Clostridium perfringens (A12) and Clostridium bolteae (B6), produce high concentrations of H2S in monoassociated mice (Fig.1B). In-vitro H2S production by these strains is dependent on cysteine (Fig.1C). C. perfringens and C. bolteae each induce colitis in monoassociated Il10-/- mice (Fig.1D). We are dissecting the sulfur metabolic pathways in C. perfringens and C. bolteae and their contribution to inflammatory processes by interrupting key genes predicted to contribute to H2S production, cysteine catabolism and bile acid metabolism. We will use these mutants in both in-vitro and in-vivo Il10 -/- gnotobiotic mice models to characterize their metabolic and inflammatory profiles. We have created several mutants using Targetron gene editing, including the dissimilatory sulfate reductase (Δdsr), a putative sulfonate membrane transporter (ΔssuA), anaerobic sulfite reductase (ΔasrA) and bile salt hydrolase (Δbsh). Conclusions: H2S producing bacterial strains can induce experimental colitis. Our planned mechanistic studies will determine the metabolic routes for H2S production by specific aggressive bacteria to guide novel therapeutic or dietary interventions to improve IBD prognosis.

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