Evaluation of citrus rootstocks for the high pH, calcareous soils of South Texas

Euphytica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 164 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Louzada ◽  
H. S. del Rio ◽  
M. Sétamou ◽  
J. W. Watson ◽  
D. M. Swietlik
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
South Texas ◽  
High Ph

Iron Deficiency Chlorosis and Seed Yield in Dry Edible Beans Grown on High-pH Calcareous Soils

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 444f-445
Author(s):  
J.W. Gonzales ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
W.W. Stroup
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Ph ◽  
The Third ◽  
Content Index

Iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) can cause significant seed yield reduction in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grown on high-pH calcareous soils. To determine the effects of FeDC on seed yield, and the effect of Fe-spray as a correction factor for FeDC, 22 breeding lines/cultivars were planted on high-pH (8.0), calcareous (3.2–3.5 calcium carbonate equivalent), and low-Fe (1.8–4.2 ppm DTPA) sandy clay loam Tripp soils at Mitchell and Scottsbluff in western Nebraska. A split-plot design was used with Fe treatments as main plots and breeding lines/cultivars as subplots. Three foliar sprays of Fe-EDDHA (2.4 kg·ha–1) were applied at V4, R5, and R7 dry bean growth stages, during 1996 and 1997. Leaf chlorosis was measured simultaneously by using a Minolta Chroma-meter (CIE L* a* b* color space system), a Minolta Chlorophyll-meter (chlorophyll content index), and by visual ratings (1 = normal green to 5 = severe chlorosis). In 1996 no significant Fe-spray × line interaction (P = 0.776) and Fe-spray effect (P = 0.884) on seed yield was observed. Breeding lines showed significant differences in seed yield (P = 0.0001) with WM2-96-5 being the highest-yielding line (4047 kg·ha–1). In 1997 a significant Fe spray × line interaction (P = 0.029) was observed. The cultivar Chase without Fe spray (3375 kg·ha–1), and lines WM2-96-5 (3281 kg·ha–1), WM2-96-8 (3171 kg·ha–1) with Fe spray were the highest yielding entries under those treatments. Differences in visual ratings after the third Fe spray in 1997 were significant (P = 0.004) for Fe spray × line interaction. In 1996 visual ratings were different only for breeding lines. Chlorophyll content index showed a significant Fe spray × line interaction after the second Fe spray (P = 0.022) and after the third Fe spray (P = 0.0003) in 1997.

scholarly journals 235 Evaluation of Southern Pea Cultivars and Breeding Lines for Earliness, Maturity, and Yield in Multiple-year Trials in South Texas

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 431E-431
Author(s):  
L. Brandenberger ◽  
R. Wiedenfeld ◽  
R. Mercado ◽  
J. Lopez ◽  
T.E. Morelock
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Important Crop ◽  
High Soil ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Yields

Southern peas for the processing market are an important crop for producers in South Texas, but little testing of new varieties or breeding lines has been carried out. Grower field trials during three different years and an on station trial provided an opportunity to evaluate >30 different pea cultivars or breeding lines. Cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for earliness, maturity, yield, and performance in high-pH soils. Yields varied significantly each season, with Arkansas Blackeye # 1 providing consistently high yields in the three grower trials. Both Arkansas 87-435-68 and Texas Pinkeye produced significantly higher yields in the high soil pH trial at Weslaco. Yields for Arkansas 87-435-68 and Texas Pinkeye in the Weslaco trial were 1428 and 1231 lb of dry peas per acre, respectively.

scholarly journals Fe-EDDHA Alleviates Chlorosis in `Concord' Grapevines Grown at High pH

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1498-1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon R. Smith ◽  
Lailiang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Hcl Concentration

`Concord' grapevines (Vitis labruscana Bailey) can readily develop iron deficiency-induced leaf chlorosis when grown on calcareous or high pH soils. Iron (Fe) chelates are often applied to the soil to remedy chlorosis but can vary in their stability and effectiveness at high pH. We transplanted own-rooted 1-year-old `Concord' grapevines into a peat-based medium adjusted to pH 7.5 and fertigated them with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 4mg·L–1 Fe from Fe-EDDHA [ferric ethylenediamine di (o-hydroxyphenylacetic) acid] to determine the effectiveness of this Fe chelate for alleviating Fe deficiency-induced chlorosis at high pH. Vines were sampled midseason for iron, chlorophyll, CO2 assimilation, and photosystem II quantum efficiency (PSII) and at the end of the season for leaf area, dry weight, and cane length. We found that leaf total Fe concentration was similar across all treatments, but active Fe (extracted with 0.1 n HCl) concentration increased as the rate of Fe-EDDHA increased. Chlorophyll concentration increased curvilinearly as applied Fe increased and was highly correlated with active Fe concentration. CO2 assimilation, stomatal conductance, and PSII were very low without any supplemental Fe and increased rapidly in response to Fe application. Total leaf area, foliar dry weight, and cane length all increased as Fe application increased to 1 mg·L–1 Fe, but above this rate, a further increase in Fe did not significantly increase growth. Our results demonstrate that Fe-EDDHA is very effective in alleviating Fe deficiency-induced leaf chlorosis in `Concord' grapevines grown at high pH, which provides a foundation for continuing research related to the optimum rate and timing of application of Fe-EDDHA in `Concord' vineyards on calcareous soils. Compared with total Fe, leaf “active Fe” better indicates the actual Fe status of `Concord' vines.

scholarly journals 657 PB 063 IRON DEFICIENCY IN POTATO IN THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION AND ITS CONTROL THROUGH RESISTANT GENOTYPES AND NUTRIENT APPLICATION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 527a-527
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Mediterranean Region ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
High Ph ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Silty Clay Soil

Iron-deficiency symptoms are observed on some genotypes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown on high-pH and calcareous soils. seven potato cultivars differing in response to iron deficiency chlorosis (FeDC) were grown on high-pH (8.1), calcareous (38% calcium carbonate equivalent in surface 20 cm) and silty clay soil in the field (Beka'a Valley, Lebanon), to determine the effects of FeDC on tuber yield of cultivars sprayed with Fe. A significant interactions between cultivars and Fe spray treatment were noted for visual FeDC ratings and tuber yield. Even though only slight FeDC was noted on some cultivars receiving no Fe spray, tuber yields were significantly increased when sprayed with Fe. Some cultivars with moderate FeDC ratings did not show a significant increase in yield when sprayed with Fe while other cultivars did. Sprayed cultivars generally produced higher tube; yields than unsprayed ones. Indicating that Fe-deficiency chlorosis in the Mediterranean region may be a serious limitation to potato tuber yield.

scholarly journals PHOSPHORUS MOVEMENT IN SOME CALCAREOUS AND NONCALCAREOUS MANITOBA SOILS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Lewis ◽  
G. J. Racz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Solution ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Diammonium Phosphate ◽  
Application Site ◽  
Monoammonium Phosphate ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Soil Solutions ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
Rate Of Movement

The extent of movement of phosphorus from the application site of P-32 labelled monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate pellets was investigated. The rate of movement of phosphorus from a monoammonium phosphate pellet was also studied. The extent of phosphorus movement from a monoamnionium phosphate pellet was greater than that from a diammonium phosphate pellet. This observation was more noticeable in the calcareous soils than in the noncalcareous soils. The extent of phosphorus movement was greater in noncalcareous soils than in calcareous soils for both sources of phosphorus when added as a pellet. The rate of movement of phosphorus was also more rapid in noncalcareous soils than in calcareous soils.It is most likely that the high pH and large amounts of calcium and magnesium found in the soil solutions of the calcareous soils resulted in a rapid precipitation of the added phosphorus very close to the pellet site. Thus, the rate and extent of phosphorus movement in the calcareous soils was restricted more than in the noncalcareous soils, which had a lower pH and contained smaller amounts of calcium and magnesium in the soil solution.

Grazing damage in the old forest lichenLobaria pulmonariaincreases with gastropod abundance in deciduous forests

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 615-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steinar VATNE ◽  
Torstein SOLHØY ◽  
Johan ASPLUND ◽  
Yngvar GAUSLAA
Keyword(s):  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Deciduous Forests ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Lobaria Pulmonaria ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Southern Norway

AbstractGastropod abundance was quantified in forest litter around 33 trees harbouringLobaria pulmonariain southern Norway. In total, 1709 snails representing 28 species were found, and the number of snail species strongly increased with the total number of specimens found. Number of snail species, as well as snail abundance, was highest around trees on high pH soils. There was a positive relationship between number of snail specimens and cover of grazing traces onL. pulmonaria, presumably because calcareous soils facilitate both litter dwelling and climbing gastropods. The results suggest that gastropods may limit the distribution ofL. pulmonariain calcareous broad-leaved forests.

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