scholarly journals 235 Evaluation of Southern Pea Cultivars and Breeding Lines for Earliness, Maturity, and Yield in Multiple-year Trials in South Texas

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 431E-431
Author(s):  
L. Brandenberger ◽  
R. Wiedenfeld ◽  
R. Mercado ◽  
J. Lopez ◽  
T.E. Morelock
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Important Crop ◽  
High Soil ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Yields

Southern peas for the processing market are an important crop for producers in South Texas, but little testing of new varieties or breeding lines has been carried out. Grower field trials during three different years and an on station trial provided an opportunity to evaluate >30 different pea cultivars or breeding lines. Cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for earliness, maturity, yield, and performance in high-pH soils. Yields varied significantly each season, with Arkansas Blackeye # 1 providing consistently high yields in the three grower trials. Both Arkansas 87-435-68 and Texas Pinkeye produced significantly higher yields in the high soil pH trial at Weslaco. Yields for Arkansas 87-435-68 and Texas Pinkeye in the Weslaco trial were 1428 and 1231 lb of dry peas per acre, respectively.

Effect of Trifluralin and Metribuzin Combinations on Soybean Tolerance to Metribuzin

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Ladlie ◽  
William F. Meggitt ◽  
Donald Penner
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
High Soil

In field trials, soybeans [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] treated with trifluralin [α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine] at 0.56 and 0.84 kg/ha were protected from injury by metribuzin [4-amino-6-tert-butyl-3-(methylthio-as-triazine-5(4H)one] at 0.28 to 1.12 kg/ha. Soybean injury from metribuzin at high soil pH values was reduced by applying it in combination with trifluralin. Trifluralin also protected soybeans from injury caused by low rates of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine] greenhouse studies. The trifluralin treatment reduced root development and greatly reduced14C-atrazine and14C-metribuzin uptake and content within the soybean plant.

scholarly journals Effect of black peat, pH and Mg on growth of heather on sandy soil.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
H. Niers ◽  
J. van der Boon
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Visual Rating ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mg Content

Eight field trials were carried out with various heather cultivars (Calluna vulgaris Carmen, Cuprea, Robert Chapman; Erica tetralix Con Underwood; E. carnea [herbacea] King George and E. cinerea C.D. Eason). Peat at 0-8 msuperscript 3/100 msuperscript 2 was incorporated into the top soil or applied as a layer and soil pH-KCl was maintained at levels between 3 and 6.8. Increasing peat application up to 4 msuperscript 3/100 msuperscript 2 improved the growth and quality (visual rating) of the stand; higher amounts had little additional effect. Peat applied as a layer gave some slightly better results than peat incorporated into the topsoil. A soil pH-KCl value of 4.2 was the optimum for growth of most cultivars and reasonable growth could be expected in the range 3.8-4.7. Cv. King George was more tolerant to high pH than cultivars of the other species tested. In 3 trials with Calluna cultivars MgO application at 150 or 200 kg/ha increased the Mg content of the soil and shoots but had a slight negative effect on growth. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus Esculentus) Control and Peanut Tolerance toS-Metolachlor and Diclosulam Combinations

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. James Grichar ◽  
Peter A. Dotray ◽  
Todd A. Baughman
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
South Texas ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Cyperus Esculentus ◽  
Yellow Nutsedge ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Rolling Plains

Field studies were conducted in different peanut-growing areas of Texas during the 1999 through 2001 growing seasons to evaluate yellow nutsedge control and peanut tolerance to diclosulam alone applied PRE,S-metolachlor alone applied POST, or diclosulam applied PRE followed by (fb)S-metolachlor applied POST. Yellow nutsedge control was > 80% at five of six locations when diclosulam at 0.018 or 0.026 kg/ha applied PRE was fbS-metolachlor applied POST at 0.56, 1.12, or 1.46 kg ai/ha. Peanut stunting was noted with diclosulam at the High Plains locations but not at the Rolling Plains or south Texas locations. This stunting with diclosulam was due to a combination of peanut variety and high soil pH. Peanut yield was not always increased where yellow nutsedge was controlled.

scholarly journals Challenges of Strawberry Production in High-pH Soil at High Elevation in the Southwestern United States

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengrui Yao ◽  
Steve Guldan ◽  
Robert Flynn ◽  
Carlos Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Science Center ◽  
High Ph ◽  
New Mexico State University ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Black Plastic

In 2011, 16 strawberry cultivars were planted with two planting systems—a black-plastic-covered perennial system (BP) and a matted-row system (MR)—arranged in a split-block design with four replications at the New Mexico State University (NMSU) Sustainable Agriculture Science Center, Alcalde, NM. Cultivars varied greatly in their yield and tolerance to high-pH soil. ‘Allstar’, ‘Chandler’, and ‘Darselect’ were the three most sensitive cultivars to high soil pH among the 16 cultivars tested, whereas ‘Wendy’, ‘Brunswick’, ‘Honeoye’, and ‘Clancy’ were the four most tolerant cultivars by the end of July 2011. Two to three applications of 0.67 g·m–1 (linear row) FeEDDHA were used per year through fertigation to effectively treat leaf chlorosis resulting from high soil pH. After averaging the yields of 2012 and 2013, ‘Mesabi’ and ‘Kent’ had greater yield than others and twice the yield of ‘Jewel’. Early cultivars Earliglow and Annapolis and late cultivars L’Amour and Ovation all had low yields in both years. In Jan. 2013, the minimum temperature reached –21.7 °C, which caused crown damage to some cold-tender cultivars, especially in the black-plastic-covered system. ‘Wendy’, ‘Chandler’, ‘Clancy’, and ‘Jewel’ were the cold-tender cultivars, whereas ‘Mesabi’, ‘Kent’, ‘Cavendish’, and ‘Honeoye’ were the hardiest among those tested. Despite repeated late frosts from 19 Apr. to 4 May 2013 and a delayed harvest season, most cultivars produced greater yield than in 2012 with ‘Mesabi’ and ‘Kent’ being the greatest. There were no significant differences in yields in 2012 and 2013 between BP and MR treatments, but yield in BP was significantly lower than in MR in 2014. With appropriate cultivar selection and management, growers can produce strawberries in high-pH soil at high elevation with a short growing season in the Southwest.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Spelt Crosses for Breeding New Varieties of Spring Spelt

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danuta Packa ◽  
Dariusz Załuski ◽  
Łukasz Graban ◽  
Waldemar Lajszner
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Group I ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
And Performance

This study evaluated F5 breeding lines, which were obtained by crossing five parents of spring spelt from different geographical regions characterized by various morphological and performance traits. A total of 11 quantitative traits were analyzed, including six traits relating to yield components, four traits relating to grain quality, and one trait relating to plant height and sensitivity to lodging. The applied clustering method supported the identification of four groups of breeding lines which were presented graphically in a heatmap with dendrogram. Group I contained 33.0% of the breeding lines, and it was most distant from the remaining groups. It was composed of tall plants characterized by high values of yield components, high fat content, and high sensitivity to lodging. Groups III (30.4%) and IV (17.0%) were most similar and were characterized by lower values of yield components, a high content of protein, ash and fiber, and lower sensitivity to lodging. Group II contained 19.6% of the breeding lines, and it was more similar to groups III and IV than group I. Breeding lines with satisfactory performance traits can be selected from each group and used to breed new varieties with the desired traits.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Southernpea Breeding Lines and Varietie for Earliness, Yield, and Maturity

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 599a-599
Author(s):  
L.P. Brandenberger ◽  
R.P. Weidenfeld ◽  
J. Lopez ◽  
R. Mercado
Keyword(s):  
South Texas ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
High Ph

Evaluation of new southernpea cultivars and advanced breeding lines for spring and fall cropping is important for both producers and processors of this crop in South Texas. The spring trial included three commercially available cultivars and 17 advanced breeding lines from the Univ. of Arkansas breeding program. Foliage color ratings taken in the spring correlate with similar ratings taken in 1995 and indicate that Arkansas 435-87-68 may be tolerant to high pH soils that caused yellowing in several other cultivars. The highest producing varieties, Arkansas 87-435-68 and Arkansas 92-552, produced net yields > 1000 lb/acre. The fall trial included the same material as the spring trial plus four more commercially available cultivars. Maturity ratings taken in early October varied widely between cultivars and breeding lines. Recorded ratings represented growth stages ranging from cultivars with no flowering to those that had set pods that were filling. The most mature types included Arkansas breeding lines 96-593, 95-368, 96-556, and 95-301, which had maturity ratings of 3.8, 3.5, 3.5, and 3.3, respectively. Net yields varied widely among cultivars in the fall trial. Yields ranged from 23.8 to 522.8 lb/acre. Those with the highest net yields included 'Early Scarlet', Arkansas 91-285, Arkansas Blackeye #1, and Arkansas 95-368, with yields of 522.8,402.2, 401.2 and 400.5 pounds per acre, respectively. Although yields in the trial were considerably lower than expected, several cultivars produced 400 or more pounds of peas per acre compared to many commercial fields that were not harvested.

scholarly journals SOME NEW PAPAYA CVS FOR ST. CROIX U.S VIRGIN IS.

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 624d-624
Author(s):  
Chris Ramcharan ◽  
Paul Hepperly
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Input System ◽  
Major Disease ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Ph Conditions

Twelve cvs. of Papaya were evaluated for yield and tolerance to drought, high soil pH and disease incidence under a non-pesticide low-input system. Superior yields were obtained from Barbados Solo (BDX 584-1) - 67.1 Kg/tree (tr) and 987 g/fruit (fr), Guanica (GU 2-1) - 60.7 Kg/tr and 888 g/fr, PR 6-65 × Cariflora (CF) - 46.6 Kg/tr and 700 g/fr, and CF - 48.5 Kg/tr and 607 g/fr. Most cvs. survived 19 months with peak yields at 15 months. Pencil top was major disease and only the Palau cv. exhibited St. Croix decline symptoms. Vigorous cvs. included GU 2-1, CF, PR 6-65 × CF and Criolla (CR) several plants of which are fruiting 26 months after planting. Chlorophyll data indicated that CF and CR cvs. had best tolerance to high pH conditions. Cvs. with large pulp size included GU 2-1 (3.7 cm) and SRS × CF (4.2). Brix analyses indicated sweetest fruits were from CF (14.2), SRS × CF (13.4), GU 2-1 (13.7) and PR 6-65 × CF (12.9).

scholarly journals Genetic and Agronomic Analysis of Latvian Fescue (Festuca Spp.), Ryegrass (Lolium Spp.) Accessions and their Hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-493
Author(s):  
Pēteris Bērziņš ◽  
Dainis Edgars Ruņģis ◽  
Sarmīte Rancāne ◽  
Vija Stesele ◽  
Ivo Vēzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Markers ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Crop Varieties ◽  
High Feed ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields

Abstract The development of ecologically adaptable fodder crop varieties is of increasing importance, particularly in the context of climate change. New varieties should be phenotypically and ecologically plastic and able to adapt to differing climactic and soil conditions, ensuring high yields and persistence. Combining Festuca and Lolium species and the development of hybrid (Festulolium) cultivars can be a promising method of combining high yield, high feed quality, persistence, as well as cold, frost and drought tolerance. Breeders at the Institute of Agriculture of Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies have been utilizing Festulolium germplasm for several decades. Currently, in cooperation with the molecular genetics laboratory and Latvian gene bank at the Latvian State Forest Research Institute “Silava”, analysis of Festuca, Lolium and their hybrids with DNA markers has been initiated, in order to gain additional knowledge about the breeding material and to increase the efficiency of the breeding process. Results of the assessment of morphological and agronomic traits in long-term field trials are combined with DNA markers analyses in order to determine the correlation of genetic and phenotypic traits.

Phytocenotic selection of perennial grasses as a factor of increasing the productivity of mixed agrophytocenoses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.N. Zolotarev ◽  
◽  
I.S. Ivanov ◽  
O.N. Lyubtseva
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Selection Of

Based on the analysis of data available in the literature and our own experimental material on phytocenotic selection of the stony stalk (Bromopsis inermis Holub.) the important role of competition between plants in the field for the creation of new varieties of perennial grasses that provide high yields of feed polyvid agrophytocenoses is shown.

HIGH-PROTEIN VARIETIES AND PERSPECTIVE LINES OF SPRING BARLEY

1970 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
O. V. Levakova ◽  
L. M. Eroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Protein ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Research Grade ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Variety Testing

The article presents the results of the analysis of the biochemical composition of selected in the competitive variety testing of new varieties and promising lines of spring barley, studied on the experimental field ISA-branch of FGBNU FNAC VIM in 2016-2018. Result of research in different years of water availability among the rooms was allocated a group of high-protein barley with improved feed value: 4 varieties, 2 of which are on the state variety testing, and 2 promising lines. The range of variation of protein content in the grain of the selected samples varied from 13.1 to 14.5 %, lysine – from 0.48 to 0.52 %, weight of 1000 grains-from 48.0 to 53.5 g. According to the data obtained the highest value of protein in grain was observed in krupnosortnogo varieties Zlatoyar (GSI), amounting on average for 14.5 %. The increase was equal to 1.1% in relation to the control variety Yaromir. With an average yield of 6.52 t/ha in the years of research grade Accounting have provided protein per hectare in the amount of 0,94 t/ha. A new variety Sudar´ (GSI) and breeding line 149/4-12 h 788 and 129/1-14 h 907 this indicator has been less productive, however, exceeded the grade Yaromir 0.10 to 0.16 t/ha. Given the higher productivity of new promising varieties and breeding lines, the collection of lysine per unit area they have 12.7, 30.8 per cent was higher than that of the Promej class and 10.6-23.6% more than in the variety Yaromir, which indicates their high biological value. Selected hulless line 1137 h is also an encouraging source of protein and other nutrients of plant origin. The selected lines and new varieties, regardless of weather conditions, were able to ensure the production of high-protein and sources' grain for feed purposes, while maintaining productivity.

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