Impersonate human decision making process: an interactive context-aware recommender system

Recommender systems are widely used intelligent applications which assist users in a decision-making process to choose one item amongst a potentially overwhelming set of alternative products or services. Recommender systems use the opinions of members of a community to help individuals in that community by identifying information most likely to be interesting to them or relevant to their needs. Recommender systems have various core design crosscutting issues such as: user preference learning, security, mobility, visualization, interaction etc that are required to be handled properly in order to implement an efficient, good quality and maintainable recommender system. Implementation of these crosscutting design issues of the recommender systems using conventional agent-oriented approach creates the problem of code scattering and code tangling. An Aspect-Oriented Recommender System is a multi agent system that handles core design issues of the recommender system in a better modular way by using the concepts of aspect oriented programming, which in turn improves the system reusability, maintainability, and removes the scattering and tangling problems from the recommender system.

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PathGame: Crowdsourcing Time-Constrained Human Solutions for the Travelling Salesperson Problem

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience ◽

10.1155/2019/2351591 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Slaviša Dumnić ◽

Đorđije Dupljanin ◽

Vladimir Božović ◽

Dubravko Ćulibrk

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Online Games ◽

Initial Study ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Human Decision ◽

Travelling Salesperson Problem

Human strategies for solving the travelling salesperson problem (TSP) continue to draw the attention of the researcher community, both to further understanding of human decision-making and inspiration for the design of automated solvers. Online games represent an efficient way of collecting large amounts of human solutions to the TSP, and PathGame is a game focusing on non-Euclideanclosed-form TSP. To capture the instinctive decision-making process of the users, PathGame requires users to solve the problem as quickly as possible, while still favouring more efficient tours. In the initial study presented here, we have used PathGame to collect a dataset of over 16,000 tours, containing over 22,000,000 destinations. Our analysis of the data revealed new insights related to ways in which humans solve TSP and the time it takes them when forced to solve TSPs of large complexity quickly.

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Effects of a Social Robot's Autonomy and Group Orientation on Human Decision-Making

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction ◽

10.1155/2013/263721 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pei-Luen Patrick Rau ◽

Ye Li ◽

Jun Liu

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Decision Making ◽

Laboratory Experiment ◽

Social Robot ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Robot Design ◽

Group Orientation ◽

Intelligent Robots ◽

Robot Systems ◽

Human Decision

Social attributes of intelligent robots are important for human-robot systems. This paper investigates influences of robot autonomy (i.e., high versus low) and group orientation (i.e., ingroup versus outgroup) on a human decision-making process. We conducted a laboratory experiment with 48 college students and tested the hypotheses with MANCOVA. We find that a robot with high autonomy has greater influence on human decisions than a robot with low autonomy. No significant effect is found on group orientation or on the interaction between group orientation and autonomy level. The results provide implications for social robot design.

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Stochastic representation decision theory: How probabilities and values are entangled dual characteristics in cognitive processes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243661 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. e0243661

Author(s):

Giuseppe M. Ferro ◽

Didier Sornette

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Decision Maker ◽

Time Pressure ◽

Rational Expectation ◽

Weighting Function ◽

Objective Probability ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Stochastic Representation ◽

Human Decision ◽

Expectation Theory

Humans are notoriously bad at understanding probabilities, exhibiting a host of biases and distortions that are context dependent. This has serious consequences on how we assess risks and make decisions. Several theories have been developed to replace the normative rational expectation theory at the foundation of economics. These approaches essentially assume that (subjective) probabilities weight multiplicatively the utilities of the alternatives offered to the decision maker, although evidence suggest that probability weights and utilities are often not separable in the mind of the decision maker. In this context, we introduce a simple and efficient framework on how to describe the inherently probabilistic human decision-making process, based on a representation of the deliberation activity leading to a choice through stochastic processes, the simplest of which is a random walk. Our model leads naturally to the hypothesis that probabilities and utilities are entangled dual characteristics of the real human decision making process. It predicts the famous fourfold pattern of risk preferences. Through the analysis of choice probabilities, it is possible to identify two previously postulated features of prospect theory: the inverse S-shaped subjective probability as a function of the objective probability and risk-seeking behavior in the loss domain. It also predicts observed violations of stochastic dominance, while it does not when the dominance is “evident”. Extending the model to account for human finite deliberation time and the effect of time pressure on choice, it provides other sound predictions: inverse relation between choice probability and response time, preference reversal with time pressure, and an inverse double-S-shaped probability weighting function. Our theory, which offers many more predictions for future tests, has strong implications for psychology, economics and artificial intelligence.

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How the Brain Makes Decisions

10.1093/oso/9780198824367.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Boraud

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

General Framework ◽

Fundamental Question ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Brain Functions ◽

It Impacts ◽

Combining Data ◽

Neural Substrate ◽

Human Decision ◽

The Brain

The human decision-making process is tainted with irrationality. To address this issue, this book proposes a ‘bottom-up’ approach of the neural substrate of decision-making, starting from the fundamental question: What are the basic properties that a neural network of decision-making needs to possess? Combining data drawn from phylogeny and physiology, this book provides a general framework of the neurobiology of decision-making in vertebrates and explains how it evolved from the lamprey to the apes. It also addresses the consequences, examining how it impacts our capacity of reasoning and some aspects of the pathophysiology of high brain functions. To conclude, the text opens discussion to more philosophical concepts such as the question of free will.

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Decision-Making Cognitive Process

International Journal of Computers in Clinical Practice ◽

10.4018/ijccp.2018010101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Thais Spiegel ◽

Ana Carolina P V Silva

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cognitive Process ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Time Constraints ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Cognitive Limitations ◽

The World ◽

Human Decision ◽

Per Se ◽

Rationality Theory

In the study of decision-making, the classical view of behavioral appropriateness or rationality was challenged by neuro and psychological reasons. The “bounded rationality” theory proposed that cognitive limitations lead decision-makers to construct simplified models for dealing with the world. Doctors' decisions, for example, are made under uncertain conditions, as without knowing precisely whether a diagnosis is correct or whether a treatment will actually cure a patient, and often under time constraints. Using cognitive heuristics are neither good nor bad per se, if applied in situations to which they have been adapted to be helpful. Therefore, this text contextualizes the human decision-making perspective to find descriptions that adhere more closely to the human decision-making process. Then, based on a literature review of cognition during decision-making, particularly in healthcare context, it addresses a model that identifies the roles of attention, categorization, memory, emotion, and their inter-relations, during the decision-making process.

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A Case Study

International Journal of Systems and Service-Oriented Engineering ◽

10.4018/ijssoe.2018010103 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 44-57

Author(s):

M. Mohanned Kazzaz ◽

Marek Rychlý

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Web Service ◽

Service Availability ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Adaptive Mechanism ◽

Context Aware ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Traffic Jam ◽

Service Migration

This article provides a proof-of-concept of the applicability and reusability of the authors proposed framework for web service migration through a traffic jam detection case study. The framework migrates mobile hosted web services between mobile vehicles using context-aware self-adaptive mechanism in order to guarantee service availability and quality. A decision-making process is implemented to select the best destination vehicle from between the found possible migrations based on prioritized criteria set.

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