Decision-Making Cognitive Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Thais Spiegel ◽  
Ana Carolina P V Silva
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Rationality Theory

In the study of decision-making, the classical view of behavioral appropriateness or rationality was challenged by neuro and psychological reasons. The “bounded rationality” theory proposed that cognitive limitations lead decision-makers to construct simplified models for dealing with the world. Doctors' decisions, for example, are made under uncertain conditions, as without knowing precisely whether a diagnosis is correct or whether a treatment will actually cure a patient, and often under time constraints. Using cognitive heuristics are neither good nor bad per se, if applied in situations to which they have been adapted to be helpful. Therefore, this text contextualizes the human decision-making perspective to find descriptions that adhere more closely to the human decision-making process. Then, based on a literature review of cognition during decision-making, particularly in healthcare context, it addresses a model that identifies the roles of attention, categorization, memory, emotion, and their inter-relations, during the decision-making process.

scholarly journals Decision Making: Rational Choice or Hyper-Rational Choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-589
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Askari ◽  
Madjid Eshaghi Gordji
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Rational Players

In this paper, we provide an interpretation of the rationality in game theory in which player consider the profit or loss of the opponent in addition to personal profit at the game.‎ ‎‎The goal of a game analysis with two hyper-rationality players is to provide insight into real-world situations that are often more complex than a game with two rational players where the choices of strategy are only based on individual preferences. The hyper-rationality does not mean perfect rationality but an insight toward how human decision-makers behave in interactive decisions. ‎‎The findings of this research can help to enlarge our understanding of the psychological aspects of strategy choices in games and also provide an analysis of the decision-making process with cognitive economics approach at the same time.‎ ‎‎‎

strategi dalam pengambilan keputusan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suci Handayani Handayani ◽  
Hade Afriansyah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Imperfect Information ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Information Time ◽  
Complex Matter ◽  
General Individuals

Decision making is one element of economic value, especially in the era of globalization, and if it is not acceptable in the decision making process, we will be left behind. According to Robins, (2003: 173), Salusu, (2000: 47), and Razik and Swanson, (1995: 476) say that decision making can be interpreted as a process of choosing a number of alternatives, how to act in accordance with concepts, or rules in solving problems to achieve individual or group goals that have been formulated using a number of specific techniques, approaches and methods and achieve optimal levels of acceptance.Decision making in organizations whether a decision is made for a person or group, the nature of the decision is often determined by rules, policies, prescribed, instructions that have been derived or practices that apply. To understand decision making within the organization it is useful to view decision making as part of the overall administrative process. In general, individuals tend to use simple strategies, even if in any complex matter, to get the desired solution, because the solution is limited by imperfect information, time and costs, limited thinking and psychological stress experienced by decision makers.

scholarly journals Exploring Factors Affecting the Emergency Specialists’ Decision-Making in Case of Emergencies in Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbasali Ebrahimian ◽  
Seyed-Hossein Hashemi-Amrei ◽  
Mohammadreza Monesan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Emergency Decision

Introduction. Appropriate decision-making is essential in emergency situations; however, little information is available on how emergency decision-makers decide on the emergency status of the patients shifted to the emergency department of the hospital. This study aimed at explaining the factors that influence the emergency specialists’ decision-making in case of emergency conditions in patients. Methods. This study was carried out with a qualitative content analysis approach. The participants were selected based on purposive sampling by the emergency specialists. The data were collected through semistructured interviews and were analyzed using the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Results. The core theme of the study was “efforts to perceive the acute health threats of the patient.” This theme was derived from the main classes, including “the identification of the acute threats based on the patient’s condition” and “the identification of the acute threats based on peripheral conditions.” Conclusions. The conditions governing the decision-making process about patients in the emergency department differ from the conditions in other health-care departments at hospitals. Emergency specialists may have several approaches to decide about the patients’ emergency conditions. Therefore, notably, the emergency specialists’ working conditions and the others’ expectations from these specialists should be considered.

scholarly journals The Global Sustainability Index: An Instrument For Assessing The Progress Towards The Sustainable Organization

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Grecu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Sustainability Index ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Mathematical Algorithms ◽  
General Indicator

Abstract There is rarely an optimal solution in sustainable development but most frequently a need to build compromises between conflicting aspects such as economic, social and environmental ones and different expectations of stakeholders. Moreover, information is rarely available and precise. This paper will focus on how to use indicators to monitor sustainable development, integrating the information provided by many of them into a complex general sustainability index. Having this general indicator is essential for decision makers as it is very complicated to evaluate the performance of the organization based on multiple indicators. The objective of this paper is to find mathematical algorithms for simplifying the decision-making process by offering an instrument for the evaluation of the sustainability progress.

Method for Selecting Storage Enterprises Based on IFHA

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 1769-1772
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Lei Na Zheng ◽  
Tie Jun Pan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Multiple Decision Makers ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Averaging Operator

In order to reflect the decision-making more scientific and democratic, modern decision problems often require the participation of multiple decision makers. In group decision making process,require the use of intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid averaging operator (IFHA) to get the final decision result.

scholarly journals Generalized Fuzzy Soft Power Bonferroni Mean Operators and Their Application in Decision Making

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 810
Author(s):  
Zitai Xu ◽  
Chunfang Chen ◽  
Yutao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Software Selection ◽  
Decision Method ◽  
Bonferroni Mean ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Multi Attribute Decision Making

In decision-making process, decision-makers may make different decisions because of their different experiences and knowledge. The abnormal preference value given by the biased decision-maker (the value that is too large or too small in the original data) may affect the decision result. To make the decision fair and objective, this paper combines the advantages of the power average (PA) operator and the Bonferroni mean (BM) operator to define the generalized fuzzy soft power Bonferroni mean (GFSPBM) operator and the generalized fuzzy soft weighted power Bonferroni mean (GFSWPBM) operator. The new operator not only considers the overall balance between data and information but also considers the possible interrelationships between attributes. The excellent properties and special cases of these ensemble operators are studied. On this basis, the idea of the bidirectional projection method based on the GFSWPBM operator is introduced, and a multi-attribute decision-making method, with a correlation between attributes, is proposed. The decision method proposed in this paper is applied to a software selection problem and compared to the existing methods to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Who’s making the decisions? How managers can harness artificial intelligence and remain in charge

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooya Tabesh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose While it is evident that the introduction of machine learning and the availability of big data have revolutionized various organizational operations and processes, existing academic and practitioner research within decision process literature has mostly ignored the nuances of these influences on human decision-making. Building on existing research in this area, this paper aims to define these concepts from a decision-making perspective and elaborates on the influences of these emerging technologies on human analytical and intuitive decision-making processes. Design/methodology/approach The authors first provide a holistic understanding of important drivers of digital transformation. The authors then conceptualize the impact that analytics tools built on artificial intelligence (AI) and big data have on intuitive and analytical human decision processes in organizations. Findings The authors discuss similarities and differences between machine learning and two human decision processes, namely, analysis and intuition. While it is difficult to jump to any conclusions about the future of machine learning, human decision-makers seem to continue to monopolize the majority of intuitive decision tasks, which will help them keep the upper hand (vis-à-vis machines), at least in the near future. Research limitations/implications The work contributes to research on rational (analytical) and intuitive processes of decision-making at the individual, group and organization levels by theorizing about the way these processes are influenced by advanced AI algorithms such as machine learning. Practical implications Decisions are building blocks of organizational success. Therefore, a better understanding of the way human decision processes can be impacted by advanced technologies will prepare managers to better use these technologies and make better decisions. By clarifying the boundaries/overlaps among concepts such as AI, machine learning and big data, the authors contribute to their successful adoption by business practitioners. Social implications The work suggests that human decision-makers will not be replaced by machines if they continue to invest in what they do best: critical thinking, intuitive analysis and creative problem-solving. Originality/value The work elaborates on important drivers of digital transformation from a decision-making perspective and discusses their practical implications for managers.

Integration between knowledge management and business process management and its impact on the decision making process in the construction sector: a case study of Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Wasef Abuezhayeh ◽  
Les Ruddock ◽  
Issa Shehabat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Business Process Management ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate and explain how organizations in the construction sector can enhance their decision-making process (DMP) by practising knowledge management (KM) and business process management (BPM) activities. A conceptual framework is developed that recognises the elements that impact DMP in terms of KM and BPM. The development of this framework goes beyond current empirical work on KM in addition to BPM as it investigates a wider variety of variables that impact DMP. Design/methodology/approach A case study is undertaken in the context of the construction industry in Jordan. A theoretical framework is developed and assessment of the proposed framework was undertaken through a questionnaire survey of decision-makers in the construction sector and expert interviews. Findings The outcomes of this research provide several contributions to aid decision-makers in construction organizations. Growth in the usage of KM and BPM, in addition to the integration between them, can provide employees with task-related knowledge in the organization’s operative business processes, improve process performance, promote core competence and maximise and optimise business performance. Originality/value Through the production of a framework, this study provides a tool to enable improved decision-making. The framework generates a strong operational as well as theoretical approach to the organizational utilization of knowledge and business processes.

scholarly journals Use of Linked Data principles for semantic management of scanned documents

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Lena Pessanha Monteiro ◽  
Mark Douglas de Azevedo Jacyntho
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Scanned Documents ◽  
The Web

The study addresses the use of the Semantic Web and Linked Data principles proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium for the development of Web application for semantic management of scanned documents. The main goal is to record scanned documents describing them in a way the machine is able to understand and process them, filtering content and assisting us in searching for such documents when a decision-making process is in course. To this end, machine-understandable metadata, created through the use of reference Linked Data ontologies, are associated to documents, creating a knowledge base. To further enrich the process, (semi)automatic mashup of these metadata with data from the new Web of Linked Data is carried out, considerably increasing the scope of the knowledge base and enabling to extract new data related to the content of stored documents from the Web and combine them, without the user making any effort or perceiving the complexity of the whole process.

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