Measurement Invariance Across Adult Self-Ratings of Current and Retrospective Childhood ADHD Symptoms

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Rapson Gomez ◽  
Vasileios Stavropoulos ◽  
Shaun Watson
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd

ADHD, Religiosity, and Psychiatric Comorbidity in Adolescence and Adulthood

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472097280
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Dew ◽  
Scott H. Kollins ◽  
Harold G. Koenig
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Add Health ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Mediation And Moderation

Objective: Religiosity has been repeatedly proposed as protective in the development of depression, sociopathy and addictions. ADHD frequently co-occurs with these same conditions. Although ADHD symptoms may affect religious practice, religiosity in ADHD remains unexplored. Method: Analyses examined data from >8000 subjects aged 12 to 34 in four waves of the Add Health Study. Relationships of religious variables with childhood ADHD symptoms were statistically evaluated. Observed correlations of ADHD symptoms to depression, delinquency, and substance use were tested for mediation and moderation by religiosity. Results: ADHD symptoms correlated with lower levels of all religious variables at nearly all waves. In some analyses at Wave IV, prayer and attendance interacted with ADHD to predict worsened psychopathology. Conclusion: ADHD symptoms predicted lower engagement in religious life. In adulthood, some aspects of religiosity interacted with ADHD symptoms to predict worse outcomes. Further research should explore whether lower religiosity partially explains prevalent comorbidities in ADHD.

scholarly journals T76. RETROSPECTIVE ADHD SYMPTOMS IN EARLY PSYCHOSIS: RELATION TO CURRENT CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTIONING

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S260-S261
Author(s):  
Sabrina Ereshefsky ◽  
Vanessa Zarubin ◽  
Valerie Tryon ◽  
Tyler Lesh ◽  
Cameron Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract Background Individuals with psychosis have a 2–5 times higher prevalence of ADHD than the general population. Individuals with early psychosis (EP) with an ADHD history have poorer premorbid social and role functioning, a more challenging symptom course, and poorer long-term psychosocial outcomes. The high degree of overlap in cognitive profiles for both psychosis and ADHD highlights a need for additional research. This project sought to assess the relation between historical report of childhood ADHD symptoms, current psychosis symptoms, and psychosocial functioning in individuals with EP. It is hypothesized that ADHD symptoms will significantly predict functioning. Methods Individuals, aged 12–30, who experienced the onset of psychotic symptoms in the past 2 years and presented for care at UC Davis EP clinics, were consented and enrolled. Individuals provided retrospective self-report ratings of childhood (between ages 5–12) symptoms of ‘inattention’ and ‘hyperactivity/impulsivity’ on the Barkley ADHD Rating Scale. Raters coded current psychosocial (Global Social/Role Functioning [GSF/GRF]) and clinical functioning ([Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale [BPRS], Scale for Assessment of Positive [SAPS] and Negative [SANS] Symptoms) at presentation. BPRS, SAPS, and SANS ratings were combined into ‘reality distortion,’ ‘poverty,’ and ‘disorganization’ domains. Medical chart review will be conducted to identify historical report of ADHD diagnosis. Multiple linear regression was used to examine relative contribution of demographic variables, clinical symptoms, and self-reported childhood ADHD symptoms to current social and role functioning. Results Ninety-eight participants (20.22 years ± 3.95; 39% female; 37% non-Hispanic White; 27% Hispanic; 2% missing demographics) provided complete data. Childhood inattention, poverty, and disorganized symptoms predicted current GSF (R-squared = .39, F[5, 92] = 11.92, p < .001). When assessing demographic differences on outcomes, GSF was rated significantly higher in non-Hispanic White (M = 7.03, SD = 1.80) compared to other non-White participants (M = 6.28, SD = 1.64; t[94] = -2.08, p = .04). With the inclusion of race as a predictor, only poverty and disorganization predicted GSF (R-squared = .40, F[6, 89] = 10.04, p < .001). Poverty symptoms predicted current GRF, while childhood ADHD and other psychosis symptoms did not predict GRF (R-squared = .31, F[5, 92] = 8.09, p < .001). Age significantly correlated with GRF (r = -.31, p = .002). Poverty remained a significant predictor of GRF after including age (R-squared = .37, F[6, 89] = 8.84, p < .001). Additional cognitive correlates, collateral report of childhood ADHD symptoms, prior diagnoses, date of psychosis illness onset, and medication history will also be examined. Discussion Social functioning was predicted by childhood self-rated inattention and current negative and disorganized symptoms; however, the relation with childhood inattention did not remain after controlling for race/ethnicity. Additional analyses will be conducted to assess if race is presenting as a proxy for other social determinants, including insurance designation, in this sample. Individuals with ADHD experience more difficulty in social settings compared to typically developing peers, possibly due to increased need to use environmental cues; for individuals who go on to develop psychosis, these childhood events are possibly perceived as more stressful, adding to risk for psychosis. However, it is unclear if self-report childhood inattention – captured here as a putative symptom of ADHD – may be better accounted for by premorbid cognitive impairment associated with risk for psychosis. Additional research is required to establish this connection.

scholarly journals Prediction of childhood ADHD symptoms to quality of life in young adults: Adult ADHD and anxiety/depression as mediators

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 3168-3181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui-Nien Yang ◽  
Yueh-Ming Tai ◽  
Li-Kuang Yang ◽  
Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Genetic and environmental contributions to retrospectively reported DSM-IV childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1057-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Haberstick ◽  
D. Timberlake ◽  
C. J. Hopfer ◽  
J. M. Lessem ◽  
M. A. Ehringer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Large Individual ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Childhood Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Dsm Iv

BackgroundA variety of methodologies and techniques converge on the notion that adults and children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have similar deficits, but there is limited knowledge about whether adult retrospective reports reflect similar genetic and environmental influences implicated in childhood ADHD.MethodDSM-IV ADHD symptoms were collected retrospectively from 3896 young adults participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Responses from this genetically informative sample of same- and opposite-sex twins and siblings were used to determine the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences. Possible gender differences in these effects were also examined. The degree of familial specificity of the genetic and environmental influences on the Inattentive and Hyperactive-Impulsive symptom dimensions was also determined.ResultsAdditive genetic effects contributed moderately to DSM-IV Inattentive, Hyperactive-Impulsive and Combined ADHD subtypes (heritability estimates of 0.30–0.38). Individual-specific influences accounted for the remaining proportion of the variance. Both genetic and individual-specific environmental effects contributed to the covariation of Inattentive and Hyperactive-Impulsive symptomologies.ConclusionsResults from our genetic analyses agree with previous findings based on self-assessment of current and retrospectively reported ADHD symptoms in adolescents and adults. Large individual-specific environmental influences as identified here suggest that current questionnaires used for retrospective diagnoses may not provide the most accurate reconstruction of the etiological influences on childhood ADHD in general population samples.

The Effects of Childhood ADHD Symptoms on Early-onset Substance Use: A Swedish Twin Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chang ◽  
Paul Lichtenstein ◽  
Henrik Larsson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd

Correspondence and disparity in the self- and other ratings of current and childhood ADHD symptoms and impairment in adults with ADHD.

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell A. Barkley ◽  
Laura E. Knouse ◽  
Kevin R. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Childhood Adhd

S.26.01 Impact of childhood ADHD symptoms on later depressive disorders

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. S143-S144
Author(s):  
D. Purper-Ouakil ◽  
Y. Le Strat ◽  
B. Falissard ◽  
P. Gorwood
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd

scholarly journals ADHD symptoms in the adult general population are associated with factors linked to ADHD in adult patients

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Li ◽  
Nina Roth Mota ◽  
Tessel E. Galesloot ◽  
Janita Bralten ◽  
Jan Buitelaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Continuous Distribution ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Adhd

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adults. It is characterized by inappropriate levels of inattention (IA) and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity (HI). The ADHD diagnosis is hypothesized to represent the extreme of a continuous distribution of ADHD symptoms in the general population. In this study, we investigated whether factors linked to adult ADHD as a disorder are associated with adult ADHD symptoms in the general population. Our population-based sample included 4,987 adults (mean age 56.1 years; 53.8% female) recruited by the Nijmegen Biomedical Study (NBS). Participants completed the Dutch ADHD DSM-IV Rating Scale for current and childhood ADHD symptoms, the Symptom Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R) anxiety subscale, and the Eysenk Personality Questionnaire (EPQR-S). Partial Spearman correlation and Hurdle negative binomial regression analysis were used to assess how age, sex, childhood ADHD symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, and psychoticism) are associated with current IA and HI symptoms. Increasing age was associated with a lower proportion of participants reporting HI symptoms and with reduced levels of HI; IA levels remained fairly stable over the age-range, but the probability of reporting IA symptoms increased throughout middle/late adulthood. Females were more likely to report IA symptoms than males. Childhood ADHD symptoms, neuroticism, and psychoticism were positively associated with current IA and HI symptoms, while extraversion had an opposite association with these symptom domains. Anxiety symptoms affected HI symptoms in females. Our results indicate that factors associated with categorical ADHD are also correlated with ADHD symptoms in the adult population.

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