On Transfer Function Formalism for Chemical Reactor Monitoring by Continuous Flow Techniques

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abad ◽  
S. C. Cardona ◽  
J. I. Torregrosa ◽  
F. López ◽  
J. Navarro-Laboulais
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Function Formalism ◽  
Flow Techniques

Automated Fluoride Ion Determination

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Cowell
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Automated Method ◽  
Electrode Response ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Fluoride Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Flow Techniques

An automated method is described, using standard continuous flow techniques, for the determination of urine fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. It is shown that the kinetics of the electrode response to changes in fluoride ion can be used for the accurate measurement of fluoride ion concentration in urine, and that equilibration of the electrode response is not a prerequisite for the measurement of fluoride ion. Recovery experiments are in the range 83 to 90%; in-batch precision is between 0·9 and 1·6% and carryover 2·5% or less.

Functional Group Interconversion Reactions in Continuous Flow Reactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Leslie ◽  
Angel Maria Joseph ◽  
Marcus Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Modern Synthesis ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Flow Synthesis ◽  
Specific Reaction ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Continuous Flow Reactors ◽  
Flow Techniques

: An overview of the current uptake of continuous flow techniques for various functional group interconversion reactions is presented. Besides highlighting a variety of prominent examples and their main features, this review provides insights into specific reaction classes, such as oxidations, reductions, rearrangements as well as different C-H functionalization processes. While this review can only include key examples from the last decade, the reader will find a solid foundation of important transformations along with further references to inform and appreciate the opportunities arising from modern synthesis technologies such as flow synthesis.

Parallel synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives using microwave and continuous-flow techniques

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Szommer ◽  
András Lukács ◽  
József Kovács ◽  
Miklós J. Szabó ◽  
Michael G. Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Parallel Synthesis ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Flow Techniques

Continuous Flow Techniques in Organic Synthesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5708-5723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Jas ◽  
Andreas Kirschning
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Flow Techniques

Certain Problems with the Application of Stochastic Diffusion Processes for the Description of Chemical Engineering Phenomena. Stochastic Model of Isothermal Continuous Flow Chemical Reactor

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 1772-1787
Author(s):  
Vladimír Kudrna ◽  
Libor Vejmola ◽  
Pavel Hasal
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Point ◽  
Stochastic Description ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Reactor Operating ◽  
Parameter Values

A model of an isothermal one-dimensional continuous flow chemical reactor operating at the steady state was derived using a stochastic description of motion of the reacting molecules. The model enables evaluation of the conversion of the reacting components. At the limiting parameter values the model yields results identical to those of the simplified models conventionally used in chemical reactor engineering. The model also enables the applicability of Danckwerts' boundary conditions to be assessed from a more general point of view.

scholarly journals Evaluation of four different coagulants used for chemical dephosphorization of membrane bioreactor effluent

2020 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Qin Cai ◽  
Hui-qiang Li ◽  
Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Internal Loop ◽  
Polyaluminium Chloride

A continuous flow chemical reactor was constructed to study the dephosphorization effect on the effluent of the oxygen-limited internal-loop fluidized membrane bioreactor (IF-MBR) for domestic sewage treatment. Removal effect of total phosphorus (TP) by four coagulants of AlCl3, FeCl3, polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) was evaluated. Results showed that when the ratio of coagulants to TP was 5 (coagulants in terms of Fe and Al), the removal efficiency of TP by FeCl3 was 92.5% and the addition of FeCl3 resulted in an increase in the chromaticity of the effluent. PAC and PAFC had good removal of TP, and the removal percentage achieved 96.2 and 97.4, respectively. However, the flocs they produced were small and light, and the performance in settlement was poor. AlCl3 performed well as a phosphorus removal agent, the removal rate of TP reached 97.4%, and the flocs were large and dense. Based on this, AlCl3 was the best choice for IF-MBR and then the experiment further optimized the Al/P ratio. Results showed that when the Al/P ratio was above 1:1, the effluent TP concentration was lower than 1mg/L; when the ratio was higher than 2.5:1, the effluent TP was lower than 0.5mg/L.

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