Minimum inhibitory concentrations of herbal essential oils and monolaurin for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

2005 ◽  
Vol 272 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry G. Preuss ◽  
Bobby Echard ◽  
Mary Enig ◽  
Itzhak Brook ◽  
Thomas B. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect of essential oils of some Fijian medicinal plant leaves on pathogenic bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Prayna P. P. Maharaj ◽  
Riteshma Devi ◽  
Surendra Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Fiji is highly populated with plants containing essential oils (EO). The essential oils extracted from the leaves of the selected Fijian leafy plants were screened against two Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus subtilis). The agar diffusion method was used to examine the antimicrobial activities of the extracted EO. All the EO tested showed antibacterial properties against one or more strains while none of the EO was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Viburnum lantana (Wayfaring tree), Annona muricata (Soursop), Coleus amboinicus (Spanish thyme) and Cinnamomum zeylancium (Cinnamon) showed good inhibition against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and proved as worthy source of antimicrobial agent. These findings will help the Pacific population to use the studied plants leaves as antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTI-YEAST EFFECTS OF SOME ESSENTIAL OILS

2018 ◽  
pp. 68-76
Author(s):  
Urjinlham R ◽  
Oyunbileg B ◽  
Anumandal O ◽  
Sainbileg P ◽  
Rentsenkhand Ts
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Ledum Palustre

Essential oils from aromatic plants of Ledum palustre L. and Mentha piperita L. were extracted using steam distillation and the antimicrobial effects were evaluated alone and in combinations against food-borne pathogens of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and food related-yeasts (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyce spombe, and Geotrichum candidum). Essential oils from two aromatic plants used in this study showed the antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeast, which was found to be concentration dependent. The effects of Ledum palustre L. and Mentha piperita L. plants essential oils against yeast and Gram-negative bacteria at concentrations of 0.5 ul/ml and 0.25 ul/ml extended lag phase or adaptation phase by 48 hours, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria were found to be susceptible to the studied two plants essential oils. When the effects of antimicrobial activity of two essential oils were tested in combination against bacteria and yeast in vitro, the MIC value was in the range of 0.125-0.5 ul/ml and showed synergistic activity against E.coli and additive values against B.subtilis and S.cerevisiae. 

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Selected Essential Oils and Some of Their Main compounds

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juergen Wanner ◽  
Erich Schmidt ◽  
Stefanie Bail ◽  
Leopold Jirovetz ◽  
Gerhard Buchbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Different Strains

The chemical composition of essential oils of cabreuva ( Myrocarpus Fastigiatus Allemao, Fabaceae) from Brazil, cedarwood ( Juniperus ashei, Cupressaceae) from Texas, Juniper berries ( Juniperus communis L., Cupressaceae) and myrrh ( Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl., Burseraceae) were analyzed using GC/FID and GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of these essential oils and some of their main compounds were tested against eleven different strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by using agar diffusion and agar serial dilution methods. Animal and plant pathogens, food poisoning and spoilage bacteria were selected. The volatile oils exhibited considerable inhibitory effects against all tested organisms, except Pseudomonas, using both test methods. Higher activity was observed against Gram-positive strains in comparison with Gram-negative bacteria. Cabreuva oil from Brazil showed similar results, but in comparison with the other oils tested, only when higher concentrations of oil were used.

Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Thymus vulgaris L. Measured Using a Bioimpedometric Method

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1017-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARILENA MARINO ◽  
CARLA BERSANI ◽  
GIUSEPPE COMI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The essential oils obtained from Thymus vulgaris L. harvested at four ontogenetic stages were evaluated for their biological activity and chemical composition. The thyme essential oils were tested for their inhibitory effects against nine strains of gram-negative bacteria and six strains of gram-positive bacteria. The bioimpedance method was chosen for studying the antibacterial activity of the essential oils and the parameter chosen for defining and quantifying the antibacterial activity of the essential oils was the detection time. The plate counting technique was used to study the inhibitory effect by direct contact. All the thyme essential oils examined had a significant bacteriostatic activity against the microorganisms tested. This activity was more marked against the gram-positive bacteria. The oil from thyme in full flower was the most effective at stopping the growth of the microbial species examined. The oils tested were also shown to have good antibacterial activity by direct contact, which appeared to be more marked against the gram-negative bacteria. Only a few of the species were capable of recovering at least 50% of their metabolic function after contact with the inhibitor, while most of the strains were shown to have been inactivated almost completely. Escherichia coli O157:H7 was the most sensitive species, given that after contact with even the lowest concentration of oil cells could not be recovered.

scholarly journals Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils of Hornstedtia havilandii (Zingiberaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Ernieyanti Hashim ◽  
Hasnah Mohd Sirat ◽  
Khong Heng Yen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Main Components

The chemical compositions and antimicrobial activity of the fresh rhizome and flower oils of Hornstedtia havilandii were studied. The components present were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. A total of forty-eight constituents were successfully identified from the flower and rhizome oils, representing 93.4% and 89.6%, respectively. The most abundant components of the flower oil were β-pinene, (19.5%), β-elemene, (10.0%), β-cubebene, (6.2%), α-pinene, (5.6%), γ-cadinene, (4.3%) and germacrene D, (3.3%), while α-copaene, (10.2%), β-selinene, (8.4%), β-elemene, (7.0%), γ-cadinene, (6.9%), β-cubebene, (5.3%) and germacrene D, (5.3%) were found as the main components of the rhizome oil. The essential oils were tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts. Both oils showed activity against the Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus, with moderate MIC values of 112.5 μg/mL, however, for Gram-negative bacteria, the flower oil showed weak antimicrobial activity with a MIC value of 225 μg/mL. Only very weak activity was shown against the yeasts Candida albicans and C. glabrata, with MIC values of 900–1800 μg/mL.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial Activities of Essential Oils and Extracts of Six Herbals Against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Amin ◽  
Sousan Akrami ◽  
Farkhondeh Haghparasty ◽  
Atiyeh Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Gram Negative

Abstract Background: Today, due to the increasing use of chemical drugs and the spread of microbial resistance to synthetic antibiotics, as well as side effects of drugs, the identification and introduction of plant species with medicinal and antimicrobial properties is very important. In this study, the antimicrobial properties of essential oils and extracts of 6 medicinal plants from Ahvaz region, Iran against 12 Gram-positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria were evaluated. Methods: The EOs and extracts were extracted using water distillation with Clevenger apparatus. The antimicrobial properties and determination of the minimum concentration of growth inhibition of herbals were investigated by the modified E-test method. Results: All analyzed extracts and EOs showed antibacterial effects. The antimicrobial activity of Oliveria decumbens was strongest herbals with the least MIC ranges (0.008-0.1 mg/ml for EO, 0.9-20 mg/ml for extract), while the antibacterial effects of Artemisia vulgaris extract and Glycyrrhiza glabra EO with the highest MIC were weaker than the others. According to the effectiveness of plant extracts on bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to all extracts except Oliveria decumbens. In contrast, Bacillus cereus was more sensitive than other strains against analyzed EOs and extracts.Conclusions: It seems that due to the antimicrobial properties of the extracts and essential oils observed in this study, they can be used as an alternative to antimicrobial drugs after more extensive studies.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity chemical composition relationship of the essential oils from cultivated plants from Serbia

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 583-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemanja Stankovic ◽  
Ljiljana Comic ◽  
Branislava Kocic ◽  
Dejan Nikolic ◽  
Tatjana Mihajilov-Krstev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

The antibacterial effects of essential oils from Serbian cultivated plants, Thymus vulgaris L. (Lamiace) and Lavandula angustifolia L. (Lamiace) on different bacteria were investigated, with an emphasis on an antibacterial activity-chemical composition relationship. Essential oil was obtained from airdried aerial parts of the plants by hydrodistillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. The essential oil analyses were performed simultaneously by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems. The main constituents of thyme oil were thymol (59.95%) and p-cymene (18.34%). Linalyl acetate (38.23%) and linalool (35.01%) were main compounds in lavender oil. The antibacterial activity of the essential oils samples was tested towards 5 different bacteria: laboratory control strain obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and clinical isolates from different pathogenic media. Gram negative bacteria were represented by Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 43895 and Salmonella enteretidis ATCC 9027 while researched Gram positive strains were Bacillus cereus ATCC 8739 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. A broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Essential oils from thyme have been found to have antimicrobial activity against all microorganisms tested, with a range of MIC values from 0.025 to 0.10 l/ml and MBC values from 0.05 to 0.78 l/ml. Lavender oils demonstrated MIC values from 0.025 to 0.20 l/ml and MBC values from 0.05 and 0.78 l/ml. Reference antibiotic tetracycline was active in concentrations between 0.025 and 0.05 l/ml. The Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the essential oil of thyme, while Gram-negative bacteria were more sensitive to the essential oil of lavender. Essential oils from thyme and lavender may be used at low concentrations for prevention and treatment of infective diseases in animals and humans caused by pathogenic bacterial species.

Rapid demonstration of septic or infectious arthritis due to Gram-negative bacteria

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 686-687
Author(s):  
Jacob S. Hanker ◽  
Paul R. Gross ◽  
Beverly L. Giammara
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Arthritis ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Infectious Arthritis ◽  
Bacterial Arthritis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

Blood cultures are positive in approximately only 50 per cent of the patients with nongonococcal bacterial infectious arthritis and about 20 per cent of those with gonococcal arthritis. But the concept that gram-negative bacteria could be involved even in chronic arthritis is well-supported. Gram stains are more definitive in staphylococcal arthritis caused by gram-positive bacteria than in bacterial arthritis due to gram-negative bacteria. In the latter situation where gram-negative bacilli are the problem, Gram stains are helpful for 50% of the patients; they are only helpful for 25% of the patients, however, where gram-negative gonococci are the problem. In arthritis due to gram-positive Staphylococci. Gramstained smears are positive for 75% of the patients.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document